A Combination Prediction Model for Short Term Travel Demand of Urban Taxi

This study proposes a prediction model considering external weather and holiday factors to address the issue of accurately predicting urban taxi travel demand caused by complex data and numerous influencing factors.The model integrates the Complete Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition with Adaptive Noise(CEEMDAN)and Convolutional Long Short Term Memory Neural Network(ConvLSTM)to predict short-term taxi travel demand.The CEEMDAN decomposition method effectively decomposes time series data into a set of modal components,capturing sequence characteristics at different time scales and frequencies.Based on the sample entropy value of components,secondary processing of more complex sequence components after decomposition is employed to reduce the cumulative prediction error of component sequences and improve prediction efficiency.On this basis,considering the correlation between the spatiotemporal trends of short-term taxi traffic,a ConvLSTM neural network model with Long Short Term Memory(LSTM)time series processing ability and Convolutional Neural Networks(CNN)spatial feature processing ability is constructed to predict the travel demand for urban taxis.The combined prediction model is tested on a taxi travel demand dataset in a certain area of Beijing.The results show that the CEEMDAN-ConvLSTM prediction model outperforms the LSTM,Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average model(ARIMA),CNN,and ConvLSTM benchmark models in terms of Symmetric Mean Absolute Percentage Error(SMAPE),Root Mean Square Error(RMSE),Mean Absolute Error(MAE),and R2 metrics.Notably,the SMAPE metric exhibits a remarkable decline of 21.03%with the utilization of our proposed model.These results confirm that our study provides a highly accurate and valid model for taxi travel demand forecasting.

Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Relating to HIV among Motorbike Taxi Drivers in Parakou, Benin, in 2021

Background and Objective: HIV infection is a major global Public Health threat worldwide, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa of which Benin. The level of knowledge determines the attitudes and behaviors of the populations towards this infection. The study objective was to assess knowledge, attitudes and practices related to HIV infection among motorbike taxi drivers (MTD) in Parakou in 2021. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study targeting MTD in Parakou in 2021. Participants were selected by cluster sampling. Pretested Digitized questionnaire using KoboCollect@ applicationserved as a data collection tool. Knowledge, attitudes and practices variable were treated on a score scale. A knowledge score was considered to reflect a good knowledge of HIV if at least two-thirds of the knowledge statements had been correctly answered provided the subject recognized the sexual route as one of modes of HIV transmission, identified at least one preventive measure and meant the incurability of the disease. Quantitative and qualitative variables were appropriately described using the EPI Info 7.1.3.3 software. The participant was classified at positive attitude/practice for HIV prevention, when it has a score of at least 80% and suggests a good preventive measure face a risk of exposure to HIV. Results: A total of 374 subjects were recruited into the study. The mean age was 31.51 ± 7.76 years. Most participants (86.06%) had good knowledge of condom use as an HIV prevention method. The sources of information mentioned were mainly the media (77.07%), relatives or friends (63.38%), and field-workers from non-governmental organizations (37.26%). Routine HIV testing was 50.53%. Among participants, 76.10% reported at least two different sexual partners. Condom use was 59.18 % during the casual sexual intercourse. Within the client-provider relationship with female sex workers, 33.17% had had sexual intercourse with them. The sexual route was the most cited (92.99%), and 90.23% stated that HIV infection can be stabilized by medication in a health structure. Conclusion: The level of knowledge of motorbike taxi drivers in Parakou does not match their behavior with regard to HIV prevention. Appropriate strategies are needed to develop prevention skills in this population. To effectively comb at HIV, it will be necessary to strengthen the targeted HIV preventive interventions at key and bridge populations including motorbike taxi drivers in Benin.

Developing a Comprehensive Taxi Strategy for Dubai: Based on System Analysis &Structured Assessment

Taxi plays an important role in providing passenger mobility. Taxi services are among the most frequently used passenger transport services in many cities in the world. Taxis are an integral part of a city’s image. In a recent IRU/EU report taxis are considered as part of the collective public transport chain. In this context taxis role is a complementary mobility option to public transport rather than a competitive one. In the growing city of Dubai taxis are utilized by many local and foreign residences as well as by tourists and visitors. The annual number of taxi trips reached 104 million trips in 2016, while the fleet is growing currently at 9613 and is expected to reach around 12,765 by 2020. Riding a taxi in Dubai is known to be pleasant, comfortable, convenient and relatively affordable experience. The Roads and Transport Authority (RTA) is the Dubai government authority responsible for the planning and governance of the taxi sector in Dubai. The RTA through its agency namely the Public Transport Agency (PTA) exercises such roles. This research is meant to provide a system analysis and structured assessment of the taxi sector in Dubai with the objective of identifying strengths and gaps as well as reviewing the literature and conducting stakeholder consultation hence culminating on developing a comprehensive taxi strategy in Dubai. Such strategy would be targeted to achieve customer satisfaction leading eventually to customer happiness. All in all this is expected to provide an added value and benefit to the business planning for PTA as well as for the overall strategic and futuristic planning by RTA.

Taxi origin and destination demand prediction based on deep learning:a review

Taxi demand prediction is a crucial component of intelligent transportation system research.Compared to region-based demand prediction,origin-destination(OD)demand prediction has a wide range of potential applications,including real-time matching,idle vehicle allocation,ridesharing services,and dynamic pricing,among others.However,because OD demand involves complex spatiotemporal dependence,research in this area has been limited thus far.In this paper,we first review existing research from four perspectives:topology construction,temporal and spatial feature processing,and other relevant factors.We then elaborate on the advantages and limitations of OD prediction methods based on deep learning architecture theory.Next,we discuss ongoing challenges in OD prediction,such as dynamics,spatiotemporal dependence,semantic differentiation,time window selection,and data sparsity problems,and summarize and compare potential solutions to each challenge.These findings offer valuable insights for model selection in OD demand prediction.Finally,we provide public datasets and open-source code,along with suggestions for future research directions.

木聚糖酶TAXI型抑制蛋白的研究进展

木聚糖酶是一种重要的半纤维素酶,广泛用于饲料工业。近年来在小麦中发现一类能抑制木聚糖酶活性的蛋白,这类抑制蛋白可能会对木聚糖酶的应用效果产生影响。目前发现在不同的谷物中共存在2种类型的木聚糖酶抑制蛋白,根据其结构的不同,分为TAXI型(triticum aestivum xylanase inhibitor)和XIP型(xylanase inhibi-tor protein)。本文主要简述了TAXI型抑制蛋白的分子结构、抑制特性和活性影响因素等方面的研究进展,对于深入研究木聚糖酶及其活性影响因子,充分开发利用我国饲料资源和促进畜牧业生产可持续发展具有重要现实意义。

基于运动目标检测的候车排队时间预测方法研究与实践——以虹桥机场T2航站楼出租车上客区为例

上海虹桥国际机场是虹桥枢纽以及虹桥商务区的重要组成部分,周围陆侧交通设施多样且便捷,配套有轨交、机场巴士、出租车、私家车等陆侧交通方式,具有强大的区域辐射力。其中,出租车由于具备方便快捷等优势正成为许多旅客尤其是夜间航班到港旅客的首选离港交通工具,并造成离港出租车上客区频繁发生排队客流淤积拥挤的现象。文章对现有的运动目标检测技术进行横向对比,以虹桥机场T2航站楼出租车上客区作为研究对象,首先分析了该区域监控视频数据特点,采用改进的结合三帧差分和混合高斯模型的检测算法对运动目标进行提取;接着对运动目标进行分类与跟踪,并测算排队乘客实时上车速度,提出一种基于运动目标检测的候车排队时间预测方法;最后,设计虹桥机场出租车管理信息发布系统,实现对候车客流排队时间预测与关键交通信息的可视化展示。

木聚糖酶TAXI型抑制剂及基因工程研究

谷物中存在2种类型的木聚糖酶抑制剂,根据其结构的不同可分为TAXI型和XIP型。本文主要简述了木聚糖酶TAXI型抑制剂对木聚糖酶的抑制特性及其基因工程研究。

杭州西站出租车网约车接驳系统智慧化提升

杭州西站枢纽,作为“轨道上的长三角”重要节点工程,是杭州第三大现代综合交通枢纽。杭州西站出租车、网约车停车场硬件设施已经基本完善,但管理手段相对落后、智慧化水平不足。因此,出租车和网约车的智慧化提升至关重要。首先,分析杭州西站接驳系统的发展现状;其次,从管理技术、管理方式、交通组织、服务方式角度提出接驳系统提升策略;最后,从外围诱导、蓄车场管理、上客区控制、寻车模式等方面阐述出租车和网约车的提升改造方案。结果表明,出租车和网约车智慧化提升能有效提高杭州西站接驳系统的运行效率,体现出行服务的智慧化和人性化,为国内其他大型枢纽智慧化提升改造提供参考。

Safety analysis of wheel brake system based on STAMP/STPA and Monte Carlo simulation

The wheel brake system safety is a complex problem which refers to its technical state, operating environment, human factors, etc., in aircraft landing taxiing process. Usually, professors consider system safety with traditional probability techniques based on the linear chain of events. However, it could not comprehensively analyze system safety problems, especially in operating environment, interaction of subsystems, and human factors. Thus,we consider system safety as a control problem based on the system-theoretic accident model, the processes(STAMP) model and the system theoretic process analysis(STPA) technique to compensate the deficiency of traditional techniques. Meanwhile,system safety simulation is considered as system control simulation, and Monte Carlo methods are used which consider the range of uncertain parameters and operation deviation to quantitatively study system safety influence factors in control simulation. Firstly,we construct the STAMP model and STPA feedback control loop of the wheel brake system based on the system functional requirement. Then four unsafe control actions are identified, and causes of them are analyzed. Finally, we construct the Monte Carlo simulation model to analyze different scenarios under disturbance. The results provide a basis for choosing corresponding process model variables in constructing the context table and show that appropriate brake strategies could prevent hazards in aircraft landing taxiing.

Green Aircraft Taxiing Strategy Based on Multi-scenario Joint Optimization

The issue of green aircraft taxiing under various taxi scenarios is studied to improve the efficiency of aircraft surface operations and reduce environmental pollution around the airport from aircraft emissions.A green aircraft taxi programming model based on multi-scenario joint optimization is built according to airport surface network topology modeling by analyzing the characteristics of aircraft operations under three different taxiing scenarios:all-engine taxi,single-engine taxi,and electronic taxi.A genetic algorithm is also used in the model to minimize fuel consumption and pollutant emissions.The Shanghai Pudong International Airport is selected as a typical example to conduct a verification analysis.Compared with actual operational data,the amount of aircraft fuel consumption and gas emissions after optimization are reduced significantly through applying the model.Under an electronic taxiing scenario,fuel consumption can be lowered by 45.3%,and hydrocarbon(HC)and carbon dioxide(CO)emissions are decreased by 80%.The results show that a green aircraft taxiing strategy that integrates taxiway optimization and electronic taxiing can effectively improve the efficiency of airport operations and reduce aircraft pollution levels in an airport′s peripheral environment.

A Comprehensive Taxi Assessment Index Using Floating Car Data

With the expansion of urban area and development of taxi system,problems arise,such as low operation efficiency,high taxi idling rate,and long passenger waiting-time. Although various studies have been conducted,only limited overview of the factors towards urban taxi system has been provided. Consequently,a comprehensive evaluation of taxi system is essential for the urban planner to analyze the current situation and take effective measures. This paper,by using Floating Car Data( FCD),proposes a Comprehensive Taxi Assessment Index( CTAI) to quantify the quality of existing urban taxi system with the assistance of Geographic Information System( GIS) technology. The proposed index system extracts and classifies key factors,reflecting the taxi system from the perspectives of operation efficiency,customer and taxi-driver satisfaction. The system contributes to improving the organization and operation of urban taxi system. Based on the data obtained from the city of Shenzhen,Guangdong Province,China,for both weekday and weekends( Dec.,2011),the proposed CTAI was illustrated by using the Principal Component Analysis( PCA) with ArcGIS 10. 0 platform. The results indicate that the system provides a good multi-dimensional view to delve into the existing urban taxi operation, thus to point out the most sensitive indices towards the entire system,which consequently provides guidelines for future improvement and management of urban taxi system.

Control Research for a Small Fixed-Wing UAV DuringGround Taxiing

Ground taxiing is the key process of take-off and landing for a tricycle-undercarriage unmanned aerial vehicle( UAV). Nonlinear model of a sample UAV is established based on stiffness and damping model of landing gears and tires taken into account. Then lateral nonlinear model is linearized and state space equations are deduced by using nose wheel and ruder as inputs and lateral states as outputs. Adaptive internal model control( AIMC) is proposed and applied to lateral control based on decoupled and linearized dynamic model during ground taxiing process. Different control strategies are analyzed and compared by simulations,and then a combined control strategy of nose wheel steering with holding and rudder control is given. Hardware in loop simulations( HILS) proves the validity of the controller designed.

Analysis of Host Selectivity and Taxis of Grapholita molesta in Different Peach Varieties

[Objective]The paper was to preliminarily determine the susceptible varieties of Grapholita molesta(Busck)by analyzing trap catches of peach trees at different ripening stages,new shoot damage rate and fruit damage rate at different development stages.[Method]Three traps were hanged in peach orchard of the same variety,with the interval of 30 m.The traps were fixed on ventilated and shaded branches for regular and fixed-point monitoring.Three trees were randomly selected from each variety to investigate the damage fruit rate and new shoot damage rate at east,south,west and north directions of each tree,and the number of infected fruits and damaged new shoots was recorded.[Result]There were obvious differences in taxis selection of G.molesta to different peach varieties,and the trap catches in the same variety varied among different periods.The damage caused by G.molesta in the same variety over the same period was different among different organs.The catch peak of late ripening peach 03-46-78 appeared on August 11.In summer shoot period,the trap catches of late ripening peach 03-46-78 were extremely higher than those of other varieties,and the damage rate of late ripening peach Jinyuan was extremely higher than that of other varieties.In autumn shoot period,the average trap catches of late ripening peach 03-46-78 were significantly higher than those of other varieties,and the damage rate of late ripening peach Jinyuan was significantly higher than that of other varieties.The investigation and analysis of different ripening stages of peach fruits showed that the damage rate of late ripening variety Ruiguang 39 was significantly higher than that of other varieties in the ripening stage.The trap catches of late ripening peach 03-46-78 were significantly higher than those of other varieties in the young fruit stage.The trap catches of late ripening peach 03-46-78 had significant difference with those of other varieties during fruit expansion stage.The trap catches of late ripening peach 03-46-78 had significant difference with that of other varieties during fruit ripening stage.[Conclusion]With the development of new shoots and the ripening of fruits,G.molesta appears different dynamic regularities in different organs of various varieties.The time point that G.molesta transfers with the development of fruit tree organs should be grasped to deeply analyze the physical and chemical properties of fruit trees during the growth period,so as to find out reasonable and effective prevention and control techniques for fruit farmers.

A Dial-a-Ride Problem Applied to Saharan Countries: The Case of Taxi Woro-Woro

In a context of increasing competition and sustainable development, service prices and unused capacity enhancement play a crucial role in freight or people transportation management. The focus of the paper is on a Dial-a-ride Problem in the Saharan country context, for the particular of Taxi “woro-woro”1. More precisely, these taxis help to transport groups of people without any affinity, from point A to point B without stopping. Also, we propose for this problem an exact solution based on a mix integer program (MIP). A secondary study on a random instance generation algorithm is presented, which allows us to have a diversified and varied benchmark on which to apply our MIP program.

Evaluation of Physical and Mental Quality of Life of Motorcycle Taxi Drivers

Motorcycle taxi drivers are workers who use motorcycle to carry passengers. Objectives: to identify the sociodemographic profile and evaluate the physical and mental quality of life of motorcycle taxi drivers. Methods: Cross-sectional study, held in Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul-Brazil, from May to July 2015 with 301 participants. To calculate the sample size, the margin of error was 5%, confidence level, 95%;and the drivers were randomly selected. For data collection, two instruments were used: the demographic questionnaire and the SF-36 Health Status Questionnaire. Results: Among the 301 respondents, predominance fell on males (98.7%, n = 297), married or in a stable relationship (63.5%, n = 191), with completed high school education (44.9%, n = 135). More than half felt discomfort while working (52.8%, n = 159). Of those with diagnosed disease the predominant type of disease was hypertension (55.5%, n = 30). When male and female were compared, men had lower average in the mental health aspect (63.39 ± 13.22);and women, in the emotional aspect (41.66 ± 31.91). There were significant differences in the scores of physical functioning (p = 0.002), bodily pain (0.043) and general health perceptions (p = 0.003) of the drivers reporting disease, compared to those who did not reported it. Conclusion: The studied motorcycle taxi drivers are mostly male, married, with high school education. Regarding quality of life, men had lower perception in the general mental health aspect whereas women showed lower perception in the emotional aspects. The individuals with disease had lower perceived quality of life in the physical functioning, bodily pain and general health concepts.

明天将更美好——看影片《女人·TAXI·女人》有感

与其说编导在给观众叙述着一个委婉动听的故事,倒不如说她们在讲着一个发人深思的寓言。影片《女人·TAXI·女人》中发生在生活阅历不同、文化层次不同、对世界本体和人生价值的认识更不同的两位女性身上的经历,诉说着做女人的艰难,同时也表现了现代气息给她们带来的新的躁动,揭示着丰富的人生哲理。人生的道路是坎坷复杂的,时代毕竟不同了,女人与男人一样可以上大学,可以当硕士、博士,可以从事科学研究,但她们照样遇到种种麻烦与苦恼,而且这并不取决于她们知识层次的高下。同时,人世间又是充满温暖的,尽管“家家都有一本难念的经”,但她们仍然能在广博的世界内,包括与自己相间性别的人们中找到知音。影片的编剧乔雪竹和导演王君正都是女人,凭着对女性的艰难的理解。

Big Data Analytics of Taxi Operations in New York City

As a global financial center, the transportation system in New York City (NYC) has always been studied from various aspects. Since 2009, NYC Taxi and Limousine Commission have made public the information on NYC taxi operations, offering an opportunity for detailed analysis. Thus, this research project investigates taxi operations in New York City based on big data analysis. The correlation between taxi operations and different types of weather, including precipitation, snow depth, and snowfall is discussed in this paper. The research also evaluates taxi trip distribution in each NTA area using Geopandas, and presents its density on an NYC map.

话说taxi

近些年来,“打的”一词使用得愈来愈频繁。这里的“的”,是指 taxi,我国的港、澳、台地区大多将其音译为“的士”,而大陆地区通常将其意译成“出租车”或“计程车”。学过英语的人都知道 taxi 一词来源于英国英语,cab 一词来源于美国英语。尽管 taxi 一词在绝大多数的情况下都是指“出租车”,但有时也用来表示“出租飞机”(taxi plane)、“出租游艇”(taxi yacht)或“出租船”(taxi boat)。因此,只有 taxi cab 一词才能确切地表达“出租车”的意思。

把Taxi译作出租汽车似乎欠妥

在本刊第一期,笔者曾谈到过对middle school的理解与译法。这次,笔者认为继续把taxi译为“出租汽车”也颇值得研究。其实,在十几年前港台地区早就把taxi改译为“计程车”了,仔细想想,这是有道理的。翻开任何案头词典都会见到taxi或taxicab(美语)

TAXI的由来

Taxi(的士)存在的时间尚不足百年，本世纪初的西方国家，最最普遍的交通工具还是马车。那么，Taxi是怎么发展起来的呢?这里面有一个非常有趣的故事。