A Survey Study of Kindergarten Teachers’Use of ChatGPT to Support Instructional Design

With the rapid development of information technology,Artificial Intelligence(AI)is gradually applied to a wide range of fields,especially the powerful ability of ChatGPT to bring infinite possibilities for education,but teachers’attitudes toward using it are not yet clear.The study investigates the use of ChatGPT by kindergarten teachers to support instructional design using questionnaires and interviews to explore the attitudes and perceptions of kindergarten teachers toward its use.The results indicate that kindergarten teachers hold positive preferences for technology acceptance,perceived self-efficacy,and learning attitudes toward using ChatGPT for instructional design.Meanwhile,the study argues that more research is needed in the future to focus on how kindergarten teachers can aptly use ChatGPT to improve the quality of instruction in realistic instructionenvironments.

Lecturers’Efforts in Building Rapport in the English-Medium Instruction(EMI)Context:Focus on the Use of Communication Strategies

Past studies reveal the prevalence of anxiety,coupled with low motivation and disengagement among students in English-medium instruction(EMI)programs.Given the detrimental impact these negative emotions can have on learning outcomes,it is imperative that teachers establish positive emotional rapport with their students.This study explores how experienced and highly rated EMI lecturers at a Chinese university’s overseas campus use communication strategies to build rapport with their students during interactive academic activities.It identifies the strategies used by these lecturers and examines how the strategies facilitate the teaching-learning process.The data,consisting of 10 hours of tutorials and 10 hours of supervisor-student supervision meetings,is analyzed using an adapted Conversation Analysis(CA)approach.The analysis reveals three types of communication strategies(CSs)frequently used by lecturers:back-channeling,codeswitching,and co-creation of messages.By employing these strategies,the lecturers established a strong rapport with the students,which created an encouraging and supportive learning environment.Consequently,this positive atmosphere facilitated students’learning of content knowledge through English.The findings of this study have implications for the training of lecturers who encounter difficulties in establishing rapport with multilingual students in the EMI setting.

An Assessment of English Instruction for Elementary-Level Students in Jeddah Governorate, as Perceived by English Supervisors and Educators

This study investigated the perceptions of English educators and supervisors in Jeddah Governorate regarding the process of teaching English to elementary students.A survey was conducted using a sample size of 94 educators and 10 supervisors.The data indicate that respondents considered English instruction at the elementary level essential for expanding kids’perspectives,improving academic performance,and promoting international involvement.The main advantages cited are the development of English language skills and the promotion of early education.Although not as easily noticeable,the disadvantages include potential negative impacts on an individual’s proficiency in Arabic and their sense of national identification.The highlighted challenges encompass insufficient teacher training,student reluctance towards English,limited resources,and school disparities.The proposed techniques focused on prioritizing English instructors’training,ensuring the use of appropriate content,utilizing technology,and promoting awareness of students and educators.The current research found different obstacles in teaching English at elementary stages.To overcome these obstacles,it will be essential to enhance teacher competencies,develop efficient teaching methods,get the backing of stakeholders,assign adequate resources,and carry out continuous evaluations.Further research can also contribute to a better understanding of how early English learning impacts on Arabic identity and proficiency.

Exploring Pedagogical Ideologies and Strategies for College English Writing Instruction from a Generative Artificial Intelligence Perspective

This study,drawing on the commonalities between generative artificial intelligence and foreign language writing instruction,outlines the core ideology of digital humanities-based college English writing instruction,including auxiliary use of generative artificial intelligence tools,primary focus on humanistic education,and the re-production of knowledge,aiming to foster students’critical thinking,collaborative skills,and creativity.Building on this foundation,the study delves into generative artificial intelligence tools applicable to different stages of process-genre writing and their strategic applications.The use of generative artificial intelligence tools is beneficial for students to present,discuss,and share writing content,encouraging them to enhance their writing,collaboration,critical thinking,and creative abilities through deep interaction with model essays and creative discourses.

“Instruction-Category” Approach of Test Suite Construction for Oven Embedded System

Being different from testing for popular GUI software, the “instruction-category” approach is proposed for testing embedded system. This approach is constructed by three steps including refining items, drawing instruction-brief and instruction-category, and constructing test suite. Consequently, this approach is adopted to test oven embedded system, and detail process is deeply discussed. As a result, the factual result indicates that the “instruction-category” approach can be effectively applied in embedded system testing as a black-box method for conformity testing.

A Study on the Teachers'Code-switching in Vocational College Non-Eng lish Majors'English Instruction

This paper is designed to investigate the teachers'code-switching used in English instruction in vocational colleges and wants to make some efforts to the better understanding and use of code-switching and develop a positive attitude towards the code-switching in English teaching classroom.

Chinese EFL Teachers' Attitudes toward Corpus Use in Collocation Instruction

The purpose of the present study was to investigate Chinese EFL(English as a Foreign Language)teachers’attitudes toward corpus use in collocation instruction.Fourteen Chinese EFL teachers from seven different colleges or universities answered a questionnaire asking their perceptions about corpus use in collocation instruction.The statistical analysis revealed that significant difference(t=2.449,df.=9,p=.037<0.1)was found between males and females in their perception of the learnability of the searching technique in collocation corpus.Besides,the result also revealed that significant differences were found between novice and experienced teachers’perception of helpfulness of corpus in writing native-like sentences(t=5.75,df=11,p<0.1),identifying collocation errors in English(t=5.75,df=11,p<0.1),usefulness of corpus in searching for English collocations(t=2.93,df=12,p<0.1),and advocacy of corpus to colleagues(t=5.75,df=11,p<0.1).Finally,some pedagogical implications were put forward.

Discoursal Features of Teachers＇ Instructional Discourse

Teachers＇ discourse is teachers＇ language used in the classroom. Teachers＇ instructional discourse, a sub-category of teachers＇ discourse, is the medium that teachers use to achieve the teaching and learning goals It is not only the means for teachers to organize teaching activities, but is also taken as the model language by students. This paper examines teachers＇ instructional discourse by focusing on its discoursal features. Drawing on the theories and methods in discourse analysis, four categories of discoursal features in teachers＇ instructional discourse are proposed. They are communicativeness, authenticity, coherence, and grammaticality and appropriateness. The four discoursal features will provide a framework for analyzing teachers＇ instructional discourse in the language classroom

Problems in Chinese Teachers＇ Instructional Discourse --From the Perspective of Authenticity

In the English language classroom, authenticity is a basic discoursal feature of teachers＇ instructional discourse. Without authenticity, there will be a mismatch between what students learn in the classroom and what they use in real life. However, the notion of authenticity varies with the change between the natural mode and pedagogic mode in the classroom. Therefore, based on this assumption, retrieving and analyzing data from the corpus and classroom videos, the present paper identifies two categories of problems in Chinese teachers＇ instructional discourse. Sample extracts are discussed and predictions are made on how teachers＇ failure to produce authentic discourse may result in ineffective teaching and learning.

Instructional Planning Among Teachers in Public Secondary Schools in Kenya： Factors That Influence Performance in Business Studies

Instructional planning gives teachers control over teaching/learning process and assures learning achievement. However, instructional planning and the linkage to learning achievement remain deficient in literature. This study assessed factors influencing teachers＇ decision to plan lessons, and effect of lesson planning on learning achievement. Primary data were obtained from 341 teachers of business studies. Bivariate analysis obtained cross-tabulations with Chisquare （χ2） and One-way Analysis of Variance （ANOVA）; while multivariate analysis obtained β coefficients and odds ratios. The study found that average workload accounted for the highest variance in the availability of lesson plans at 8.5%, suggesting that reducing workload is likely to increase the proportion of those planning their teaching by up to 8.5%, followed by professional experience （7.6%）, lesson plan inspection frequency （6.9%）, professional training （5.9%）, administrative duties （5.8%）, and teacher motivation （4.7%）. The adjusted regression model explained 46.5% of variance in availability of lesson plans. The study recommends： higher budgetary allocation for Teachers＇ Service Commission to hire more teachers; school boards to generate supplementary resources and hire trained teachers; regular spot checks on lesson plans; and appropriate motivation for teachers.

A Study on the Model of Teachers’ Instructional Intervention in Trilingual Teaching Based on the Law of Mother Tongue Acquisition

The research on Trilingual Teaching Model in ethnic areas has become a hot spot.By analyzing the data of the questionnaire,this paper discusses the teachers’instructional intervention model,based on the law of mother tongue acquisition.Trilingual teachers should highlight the role of reading in vocabulary learning and even in improving reading ability.The law of mother tongue acquisition can be one of the main strategies to solve the problems in Tibetan students’English learning.

Effect of a low-cost instruction card for automated external defibrillator operation in lay rescuers: a randomized simulation study

BACKGROUND:To evaluate whether a simplified self-instruction card can help potential rescue providers use automated external defibrillators(AEDs)more accurately and quickly.METHODS:From June 1,2018,to November 30,2019,a prospective longitudinal randomized controlled simulation study was conducted among 165 laypeople(18–65 years old)without prior AED training.A self-instruction card was designed to illuminate key AED operation procedures.Subjects were randomly divided into the card(n=83)and control(n=82)groups with age stratification.They were then individually evaluated in the same simulated scenario to use AED with(card group)or without the self-instruction card(control group)at baseline,posttraining,and at the 3-month follow-up.RESULTS:At baseline,the card group reached a significantly higher proportion of successful defibrillation(31.1%vs.15.9%,P=0.03),fully baring the chest(88.9%vs.63.4%,P<0.001),correct electrode placement(32.5%vs.17.1%,P=0.03),and resuming cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR)(72.3%vs.9.8%,P<0.001).At post-training and follow-up,there were no significant differences in key behaviors,except for resuming CPR.Time to shock and time to resume CPR were shorter in the card group,while time to power-on AED was not different in each phase of tests.In the 55–65 years group,the card group achieved more skill improvements over the control group compared to the other age groups.CONCLUSION:The self-instruction card could serve as a direction for first-time AED users and as a reminder for trained subjects.This could be a practical,cost-effective way to improve the AED skills of potential rescue providers among different age groups,including seniors.

Effect of Specific Verbal Instructions on the Identification of Pain Location during a Passive Straight Leg Raise Test

Musculoskeletal pain is common. Because pain is subjective, objectively describing it is crucial. However, pain assessment may cause distress in patients;therefore, physical therapists (PTs) should conduct these tests quickly and accurately. Simple and clear instructions are recommended for pain assessment. However, few studies have provided evidence to support this hypothesis. Correspondingly, this study aimed to confirm the effectiveness of specific verbal instructions for pain location during five consecutive Passive Straight Leg Raise (PSLR) tests. The 28 asymptomatic participants (age 27.4 ± 9.6 years) who provided informed consent received five consecutive PSLR tests: three without and two with specific verbal instructions to ascertain pain intensity, quality, and location. The participants drew pain locations on a body chart and described the pain intensity and quality after each test. All participants were interviewed regarding the differences they noted in the presence and absence of specific verbal instructions. Each pain location was classified into one of ten areas for statistical analysis. The proportion of participants who changed the pain location was compared between the tests using McNemar’s test, and the kappa coefficient was confirmed for consistency of pain location. There was a significant difference in the proportion of participants who changed their pain location between the second and third tests and from the third to the fourth test (McNemar’s test: p = 0.003). Kappa coefficients had low consistency (κ = 0.28) just after receiving the specific verbal instructions in the fourth test compared to the third test. Consistency improved in the fifth test (κ = 0.57);93% of the participants answered that the pain location had become clearer. This study revealed the effects of specific verbal instructions in identifying pain locations. This detailed information may help PTs provide appropriate treatment and contribute to reducing pain in clinical settings.

An Integrated Image Task Planning in Satellite Networks:From Instruction Release and Observation Perspective

The unreasonable observation arrangements in the satellite operation control center(SOCC)may result in the observation data cannot be downloaded as scheduled.Meanwhile,if the operation instructions released by the satellite telemetry tracking center(STTC)for the on-board payloads are not injected on the specific satellites in time,the corresponding satellites cannot perform the observation operations as planned.Therefore,there is an urgent need to design an integrated instruction release,and observation task planning(I-IRO-TP)scheme by efficiently collaborating the SOCC and STTC.Motivated by this fact,we design an interaction mechanism between the SOCC and the STTC,where we first formulate the I-IRO-TP problem as a constraint satisfaction problem aiming at maximizing the number of completed tasks.Furthermore,we propose an interactive imaging task planning algorithm based on the analysis of resource distribution in the STTC during the previous planning periods to preferentially select the observation arcs that not only satisfy the requirements in the observation resource allocation phase but also facilitate the arrangement of measurement and control instruction release.We conduct extensive simulations to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in terms of the number of completed tasks.

基于OBE教学理念的中药鉴定学教学设计与教学评价研究

该研究基于学习成果为导向的教育理念,以宁夏医科大学在线学习平台中药鉴定学课程网站为平台,以实现“传统课堂+在线学习平台+实践”三位一体的中药鉴定学在线开放课程建设为目标,根据课程内容,构建课程讲义、理论教学视频、实践操作视频、执业药师考试真题和技能大赛等系统性、整体性特点的教学资源,进行课程建设。引导学生线上自学,实施线上/线下混合式教学。在知识与实践结合的过程中,将实际中可能遇到的问题进行模拟、讨论,既培养学生合作精神,又锻炼学生灵活运用的能力。

单元教学设计的程序探讨

依据当代教学设计与学习科学研究,可以将单元教学设计程序确定为6+1步骤,这就是明类型、划水平、定任务、写目标、编量规、优结构和配评估。“明类型”明确学生要学到什么,“划水平”规定学生要学到什么程度,“定任务”则指导教师如何开展教学帮助学生学到要学的东西,达到预期的掌握水平。“写目标”要求教师按照内部心理模式和外部行为表现相统一的方式来编写教学目标,“编量规”是依据教学目标来细化具体的评估要求。“优结构”是指通过教师创设学习环境、优化教学结构和运用教学方法来帮助学生达成学习目标。“配评估”则要依据类型、水平、任务、目标、量规和结构的要求,具体确定评估的方式和特征,以评促教,以评促学。单元教学设计程序有利于教学取得减负增效赋能的效果。

整体性教学设计:多元模式解析与建构

“整体性教学设计”是教学设计世纪转型中出现的一种思潮,也就是在整体论框架下考察“教学设计”。其特点是以整体任务为依托,指向现实生活和职业领域中的综合能力培养的有序教学设计,达到帮助学习者运用综合能去解决实际生活或工作中遇到的问题。该文从问题设计、解决方法和设计过程等方面来解读当代国际四种整体性教学设计——综合学习设计模式、首要教学原理、认知学徒模式、基于目标场景模式的共通基础。我们希望从代表性的模式和理论中汲取基础的处方性要素,提出自己的整体性教学设计模式框架。

The Effectiveness of Explicit Vocabulary Instruction on Productive Vocabulary Learning in Writing Among Intermediate School Learners in Saudi Arabia

This study aimed to identify the effectiveness of explicit vocabulary instruction on productive vocabulary learning in writing among intermediate school learners in Saudi Arabia,verify the existence of any statistically significant differences at the significance level of 0.01 between the mean scores of the post-test of the control group and the experimental group in the vocabulary test,and verify the existence of any statistically significant differences at the significance level of 0.01 between the mean scores of the pre-and post-test of the experimental group in the vocabulary test in favor of the post-test.The study community consisted of all intermediate school students in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia,while the study sample included 30 students.The experimental method was adopted to identify the effectiveness of explicit vocabulary instruction on productive vocabulary learning in writing and the achievement test was used as the study tool.The study reached many results including there were no statistically significant differences at the significance level of 0.01 between the mean scores of the post-test of the control group and the experimental group in the vocabulary test and there were no statistically significant differences at the significance level of 0.01 between the mean scores of the pre-and post-test of the experimental group in the vocabulary test in favor of the post-test.According to these results,some recommendations and proposals were made including training English teachers at the intermediate school level in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia,on explicit vocabulary instruction and conducting future researches on the trends of English teachers at the intermediate school level,in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia,regarding the adoption of explicit vocabulary instruction while teaching the English language.

武汉大学图书馆信息素质教育40年变迁与展望

40年来,武汉大学图书馆信息素质教育经历了文献检索课萌芽与探索阶段、文献检索课与计算机信息检索课共存互补阶段、计算机信息检索向信息素质教育转型及发展阶段和信息素质教育向数字素养教育转型及发展阶段四个阶段,其发展源于国家政策牵引、专业框架指导、师生需求驱动、新兴技术赋能四个方面的动因,其发展经验主要体现在开展馆院(系)合作、重视师资队伍建设、采取多元教学方式、注重教学内容拓展、重视课程资源建设、推进信息素养教学研究等方面。未来,武汉大学图书馆将开展更加广泛的数字素养教育合作,强化多元场景的数字素养与技能提升。

全球视野下我国人工智能素养教育内容框架的构建

[目的/意义]构建更具普适性、新颖性的人工智能素养教育内容框架。[研究设计/方法]参考全球具有影响力的人工智能素养框架、国际组织报告、国际标准、多个先行国家(地区)的政策、我国的国家战略需求、雇主对人工智能人才的需求、学术论文、全球知名企业动态和已开设的人工智能素养教育课程的内容,分析人工智能素养教育内容框架的构成及其依据。[结论/发现]我国人工智能素养教育内容框架由人工智能认知、人工智能技能、人工智能应用、人工智能伦理四大部分组成。[创新/价值]有别于国内同类成果主要依据学术论文析出的人工智能素养能力框架,整合多种来源的学术数据,构建出兼具可操作性与实践指导价值的人工智能素养教育内容框架。