Development and Application of Integrated Indicators for Assessing Healthcare Waste Management Systems in Kenyan Hospitals

Healthcare waste management (HCWM) is an important aspect of healthcare delivery globally because of its hazardous and infectious components that have potential for adverse health and environmental impacts. The paper introduces a set of indicators for assessing HCWM systems in hospitals. These indicators are: HCWM policies and standard operating procedures, management and oversight, logistics and budget support, training and occupational health and safety, and treatment, disposal and waste treatment equipment housing. By plotting a mark on a continuum which is defined as good and poor on the extremes and is connected with all other marks in a spoke arrangement, it’s possible to describe a baseline for HCWM in any specific hospital. This baseline can be used to improve awareness of the actors and policy-makers, compare the same hospital at a different point in time, to compare observations by different evaluators and to track improvements. Results suggest that in Kenya, the application of such indicators is useful for evaluating which priorities should be addressed to improve outcomes in HCWM systems. Systematic sampling technique was used to identify and collect data by use of observational checklist, interviews, visual verification and review of documents and a HCWM assessment tool. The objective is to suggest an integrated management tool as a method to identify prevailing problems with a HCWM system. The method can be replicated in other contexts worldwide, with a focus on the developing world. The integrated indicators focus on management of HCW and not its potential impact on human health and environment, an area recognized to be critical for future research.

Does financial development moderate the link between technological innovation and environmental indicators?An advanced panel analysis

This study analyzes the role of financial development(FD)on the impact of technologi-cal innovation(TI)on six environmental quality indicators for the 25 economies that are part of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development for the period from 2000 to 2019.We use a two-step dynamic generalized method of moments approach to understand this relationship.The results show that FD augments the posi-tive effects of TI on four of the six environmental indicators,namely ecological foot-print,adjusted net savings,pressure on nature,and environmental performance.However,no significant effects on environmental sustainability and environmental vulnerability indices were found.When considering all of the environmental quality indicators,TI appears to enhance environmental quality.We find evidence to support the existence of the environmental Kuznets curve in the context of each environmen-tal indicator and economic growth.Moreover,FD and energy consumption appear to accelerate environmental degradation.Based on these results,FD should be viewed as an important parameter in designing policies for innovation to achieve the goal of net-zero carbon emissions.Highlights.Technological innovation and environmental quality nexus is studied.The moderating role of financial development is analyzed.Six different environmental quality indicators are used for OECD countries.Financial development intensifies the environmental benefits of innovation.•The EKC hypothesis is confirmed for all six environmental indicators.

Constructing a standard system of city sustainable development assessment technology based on the SDGs

Given the rapid development of China’s new urbanization,cities with different locations and varying functional positioning,resource endowments,and development stages have insufficient scientific and applicable technical tools for implementing the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs).City managers and policymakers must urgently establish SDG benchmarks to diagnose city development.Moreover,successful experiences from similar cities regarding sustainable development and self-improvement must be learned from to promote diversified,sustainable development across the country.Furthermore,emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence,the Internet of Things,big data and 5G are widely used in smart cities.Therefore,there is a growing need for“knowledge-based,personalized and intelligent”technologies to support monitoring,evaluation,and decision-making processes facilitating sustainable development in cities.This paper uses standardization as the theoretical support and technical basis.This approach can help clarify the sustainable development processes in China and clarify the evaluation results of and provide data on horizontal city comparisons,which can be used to develop evaluation technology for sustainable development in cities and construct a standardized system.The results provide a standard framework for intelligent assessment and decision-making regarding cities’sustainable development capabilities in China.Evaluating major international standardization institutions reveals that the practices of Chinese national standards should be fully absorbed and integrated to guide the evaluation of smart,resilient,and low-carbon cities.To this end,an indicator library of city sustainable development is proposed to provide standard evaluation technology methods.Finally,analyzing the response relationship of the indicator library to SDGs reveals the need for a standardized knowledge map of sustainable development assessment techniques and methods from the perspective of integrated management for sustainable development in cities.

Indicator system and evaluation framework for sustainable development

An indicator system of sustainable development was established and an evaluation framework for sustainable development was drawn in this study.

A Framework for Selecting Indicators to Assess the Sustainable Development of the Natural Heritage Site

Sustainable world heritage management represents an approach for managing the resources of a property by integrating environmental, economic, and social issues. It aims to provide sustainable benefits for future generations, while protect the property and minimize the possible adverse social, economic and environmental impacts. Indicators of sustainable development, which summarize information for decision-making, are invaluable to learn the efficiency and effectiveness of property management. Scientists in many fields devised several conceptual models of environmental statistics and indicators, of which, DPSIR (Driving forces – Pressure – State – Impact – Response) is thought to be the best available one in identifying and developing indicators of sustainable development. Based on the DPSIR conceptual model and indicator selection criteria, the present paper proposed a methodology framework for selecting indicators to assess the sustainable development of a natural heritage site. The proposed framework included a multi-level hierarchical structure for various indicators and indexes, a modified DPSIR frame to identify key issues in property management and a set of indicators for evaluating the sustainability in Sichuan Giant Panda Sanctuaries.

Cross-national Perspectives on Using Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs) Indicators for Monitoring Sustainable Development: A Database and Analysis

Sustainable development is the theme of the 21st century. To monitor the progress of sustainable development, the United Nations launched Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs) in 2015. Subsequently, nations of the world have drawn up a list of localized indicators regarding the United Nations SDGs as a paradigm. We established a database including SDGs indicator systems of 11 economies by collecting and determining a large number of materials. Based on this database, we analyzed SDGs indicators by designing a conceptual framework of comparative analysis that included three views. We found that the SDGs indicator systems of 11 economies are different between the number of indicators, the proportion of different categories, and the connotation of indicators. Although the SDGs indicator systems among economies regarded the United Nations SDGs as a framework and included the major social problems related to sustainability, the inconsistency between SDGs indicator systems is large. It is a major reason why scholars lack the systematic method for developing indicators. There are challenges faced in data accessibility. The framework for comparative analysis could be applied to different economies.

Modeling Indicator Systems for Evaluating Environmental Sustainable Development Based on Factor Analysis

Indicator systems of environmental sustainable development in the Poyang Lake Basin are established from 51 elementary indexes by factor analysis, which is composed of four steps such as the factor model, the parameter estimation, the factor rotation and the factor score. Under the condition that the cumulative proportion is greater than 85%, 5 explicit factors of environmental sustainable development as well as its factor score by region are carried out. The result indicates some impact factors to the basin environmental in descending sort order are volume of water, volume of waste gas discharge,volume of solid wasters.the degree to comprehensive utilization of waste gas, waste water and solid wastes, the emission volume of waste gas, waste water and solid wastes. It is helpful and important to provide decision support for constituting sustainable development strategies and evaluate the sustainable development status of each city.

Are SDGs suitable for China's sustainable development assessment? An application and amendment of the SDGs Indicators in China

In order to further ensure that the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development is to be implemented and the action measures of all countries are consistent, the United Nations has put forward a set of indicators to monitor and evaluate the progress of global sustainable development. This set of evaluation indicators is aimed for global and regional progress. An important feature of the evaluation indicators is that they are internationally comparable, but due to the large differences in the levels of sustainable development among countries, this framework of evaluation indicators has a disadvantage that it does not apply to tracking the progress of sustainable development at the national level. This paper focuses on the analysis of specific issues in the application of the global sustainable development indicators framework to meet the goals and targets of the UN and builds a system of evaluation indicators to assess the progress of sustainable development at the national level in China, and offers a perspective to assess China’s progress as well.

Establishment of Comprehensive Evaluation Indicator System for Sustainable Development of Microcredit and Empirical Analysis

We establish the comprehensive evaluation indicator system for sustainable development of micro-credit,constituted by the profitability ratio,financial constitution ratio,loan quality ratio and operating efficiency ratio.Taking the case of micro-credit of China Foundation for Poverty Alleviation,we measure the current situation of sustainable development of micro-credit.As far as we are concerned,the composite index of sustainable development of micro-credit shows the growth trend on the whole.Finally,in order to further improve the sustainable development of microcredit,provide farmers with better financial services and enable more farmers to benefit from micro-credit,we put forth the following recommendations:strengthening technological innovation to reduce costs and improve operating efficiency and profitability of the micro-credit;strengthening risk control to improve the quality of loans;providing all-around non-financial services to lay the foundation for the sustainable development of microcredit;setting an appropriate level of interest rates to improve the profitability of the institutions.

Changing HIV Epidemic in North-Eastern India and Its Relationship with Development and Programmatic Indicators

Background: Although there has been significant reduction in HIV prevalence and new HIV infections in India, some of the low/moderate prevalence states have been showing long term increase in HIV prevalence and new HIV infections. Assam, a state in northeast India is one such low HIV prevalence state where HIV prevalence and new HIV infections have almost doubled in the last few years. This study examined the trend of HIV prevalence across districts/regions of Assam and its association with developmental and program indicators. Materials and Methods: A retrospective descriptive analysis of secondary data from the National AIDS Control Program, Census of India-2011, and District Level Household and Facility Survey-3 was conducted. The time period covered under the secondary data analysis was 2007 to 2012. Correlation and Chi-square for trend tests were also used in this paper. Results: During 2007 and 2012, HIV positivity (%) increased relatively in North Assam (46.9%) followed by South Assam (11.5%) while there has been a relative decline in West Assam (﹣51.5%). Correlation analysis showed statistically significant association between HIV prevalence and female literacy, population using mobile phone, population using internet, women (15 - 49 years) seeking treatment for any STI/RTI, proportion of brothel based FSWs, FSWs having <5 clients per week and proportion of condom utilized annually. Conclusion: Program efforts in the state should be focus on the districts with increasing HIV prevalence. Emphasis should be given in planning strategies to address the program gaps among the high risk and vulnerable populations in the state.

Analyzing Methods of Using Sustainable Development Indicators

Sustainable development indicators, aim to measure sustainable development over longer periods of time. The sustainable development indicators are grouped into 10 subject categories： socioeconomic development, sustainable consumption and production, social inclusion, demographic changes, public health, climate change and energy, sustainable transport, natural resources, global partnership and finally good governance. In this paper, the authors examined a number of researches and compared the methods they used in order to determine the advantages and disadvantages of each method. The methods used a large number of different indicators. The comparison of the indicators could be made through mathematical models and also through theoretical approach.

Criteria for Aggregating Sustainable Development Indicators as a Way of Modeling Through “Live and Work” City Index

Measuring and comparing sustainable development levels of cities,regions,and projects are an essential procedure in creating and maintaining sustainable urban futures.Introducing a new urban sustainable development assessment model:The Live and Work(LaW)City Model.As an indicator-based sustainable development indexing model,it aims to assist planners and policy makers in their decisionmaking procedures and development of cities by providing an integrated assessment framework.Several efforts were done to develop composite indicators,but it was concluded that most of them focused on environmental dimensions and neglected the overlapping of the other influential ones.The paper gives an overview of the nature and importance of composite indicators and how it can be structured and implemented precisely;overcoming its drawbacks,to gauge and rank the performance of cities across the demands of people,planet,and profit,as a way of achieving the LaW balance criteria.The methodology of the model is developed by following a set of logical steps such as weighing,normalization,and aggregation of individual indicators.From here,a functional form for aggregation was derived to compute the index.Furthermore,the structure of the model was illustrated in the form of a pie/radar chart.The visualized LaW city index has the communicative advantage of being easy to convey comparative levels of different values.The total values computed could be used to rank cities in a tabular format and gauge their comparable sustainable development performance accordingly.The model can also estimate the sustainable development outcomes of alternative development scenarios during different year’s intervals.This can be achieved by stacking up different model scenarios;making it a relatively simple exercise for both the general public and decision makers to comprehend.

High-quality development of China’s power industry: Measurement, spatial pattern, and improvement paths

As the largest manufacturing country,China is striving to improve the development quality of its power industry with the goal of Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality,in order to sustain its high-quality economic growth.In this regard,it is of importance to reveal both the regional development level of China’s power sector and its characteristics in terms of inspiring the next improvement direction.Motived by this purpose,this paper constructs an evaluation indicator system from three dimensions at the province level based on the connotation of high-quality development of the power industry(HDPI).Next,it calculates the HDPI indexes of 30 provinces and explore their development trend and spatial pattern.The results indicate that the total comprehensive performance of all regions was improved in general in the recent decade,but the spatial distribution characteristics of clean,low-carbon,safe and efficient are different.In the aspects of improvement space in future,not only do actively ameliorate the related management regimes or technical fields so as to improve the corresponding indicators’value,but also passively rely on the macro-development such as China’s urbanization level improvement,technological level improvement,and industrial structure upgrading as usual.

区县级医院学科发展竞争力指标体系研究

目的:构建一套科学实用的区县级医院学科发展竞争力评价指标。方法:基于PEST+SWOT分析法探索区县级医院学科发展关键要素及其运行机制,初筛学科发展竞争力指标体系;运用德尔菲法开展两轮专家咨询确定指标体系及权重。结果:该指标体系包括一级指标4个维度(医院管理及综合实力、人才队伍建设、科研创新、教育培训)、二级指标16个、三级指标38个。两轮专家咨询积极系数均为100%,各指标评分变异系数CV值均<0.2,专家协调程度较高,专家权威系数分别为0.94和0.91;各指标第二轮专家评分均值>3.8,大多数指标得分4以上。结论:经专家反馈和统计检验,该指标体系具备科学性和实用性。

京津冀城市群城市韧性时空演变特征及空间差异研究——基于改进的PSR框架

基于改进的“压力—状态—响应”研究框架、组合权重模型、Dagum基尼系数对京津冀城市群2001—2020年的城市韧性时序演变特征及其空间差异进行实证研究。结果表明:(1)时序演变上,京津冀城市群城市韧性水平在研究区间内总体呈波动式上升的趋势,存在明显的阶梯式失衡现象;(2)空间分布上,京津冀城市群高韧性区域由点到面、由中部至南北部进行蔓延,总体呈现“北京—天津双核驱动,中北强南弱”的韧性格局;(3)区域差异来源上,京津冀城市群城市韧性区域间不均衡现象突出而区域内发展较为均衡,区域间差异是京津冀城市群城市韧性总体差异的主要来源。

公立医院高质量发展新文化指标体系构建研究

目的研究构建公立医院高质量发展新文化指标体系,为评价公立医院新文化建设水平、推进高质量发展提供科学工具。方法基于政策梳理和文献研究建立指标池,通过德尔菲专家咨询论证形成指标体系,并运用层次分析法赋予权重系数。结果公立医院新文化指标体系包含医院文化制度建设、强化患者需求导向、关心关爱医务人员和特色鲜明医院文化4个一级指标、8个二级指标和23个具体条目,开展成效作为附加维度包含2个二级指标和8个具体条目。一级指标权重均衡;二级指标中,制度规划(0.250)、员工关怀(0.170)、医疗服务(0.130)、学科品牌(0.125)和职业精神(0.125)权重相对较高。结论所构建的公立医院高质量发展新文化指标体系契合习近平文化思想和建设公立医院高质量发展新文化要求;需关注文化制度规划,强化员工关怀及职业精神培养,注重医疗服务和学科品牌建设,促进公立医院新文化建设与国家战略要求同频共振。

新质生产力的理论内涵与实证评估

习近平关于新质生产力的阐释是对马克思主义经典作家生产力理论的继承和发展,是对中国特色社会主义生产力理论的丰富和发展,并汲取新古典经济增长理论成分。该阐释深化了对发展生产力的指导理念、催生动因、主要内容及表征特点的认识。从科技创新、新型劳动者、新型劳动资料、新型劳动对象、要素优化组合五个维度构建新质生产力评价指标体系,并采用熵值法和指数分解法,以Wind数据库中422家深圳上市公司为样本,测度深圳新质生产力发展水平和构成要素特征。结果显示:深圳新质生产力实力指数得分从2016年0.24快速增至2022年0.88,新质生产力发展呈现快速上升态势;剖析其构成要素变化,新型劳动资料指数增速最快并呈现“”型增长态势,新型劳动对象和新型劳动者指数增速紧居其后并呈现“∕”型增长态势,科技创新指数增速较快呈现“√”型增长态势,要素优化组合指数呈现“S”型波动上升态势。深圳新质生产力是由新型劳动资料主导带动、新型劳动对象和新型劳动者主力支撑、科技创新和要素优化组合共同保障发展壮大,且各构成要素在不同时间差异体现新质生产力发展偏向差异。概之,新质生产力已在深圳战略性新兴产业发展中形成并加速成长壮大。

对标高等教育强国:我国高等教育系统关键指标的国际对比分析

对标世界高等教育强国,可以从发展水平和贡献能力两个方面来把握我国高等教育系统的发展状况。在发展水平方面,从体量规模、经费投入、师资队伍、国际化四个维度选择了十个关键指标进行国际对比分析;在贡献能力方面,从教育机会获得、满足社会发展需要、促进科技创新发展三个维度选择了七个关键指标进行国际对比分析。结果表明,改革开放以来,我国高等教育发展取得了一些成就,但是仍存在诸多问题,只有客观认识成就、准确研判问题,才能找到未来建设教育强国的发力点和突破点。

出版业高质量发展目标之绿色发展——出版业绿色发展指标体系构建

出版业绿色发展是实现出版业高质量发展,推动我国生态文明建设、美丽中国建设的关键内容,绿色发展指标体系架构则是量化评估、监测出版业绿色发展进程的前提。对此,文章以国内外研究文献、政策文本为数据来源,基于扎根理论进行绿色发展指标的挖掘与关联,最终构建出由资源配置、印刷复制、阅读消费、绿色发展机制、绿色发展理念五个维度组成的出版业绿色发展指标体系,形成了出版业绿色发展的概念模型。

共同富裕视角下中国式现代化的评价指标体系研究

中国式现代化是中国探索现代化发展道路、开拓适宜国情的现代化模式的伟大实践。中国式现代化以全体人民共同富裕为发展目标,凸显中国式现代化的独特优势与宏伟蓝图,反映了中国式现代化的本质要求。以共同富裕为线索构建中国式现代化的评价指标体系,既要厘清共同富裕与中国式现代化之间的关系,把握中国式现代化的科学内涵,又要构建完整的理论逻辑框架,阐明评价的目的、原则与标准。在此基础上,最终形成包含目标、能力、潜力三个维度的中国式现代化评价指标体系,并对深入建设中国式现代化提出相应建议。在现代化建设的新阶段,围绕共同富裕视角下的中国式现代化构建评价指标体系,有利于明晰中国式现代化的现实表现与历史使命,彰显中国式现代化的情怀。