The Influence of Medialization to Legal Discourse Concerning Context, Media and Social Power

Medialization has become like digitalization, rationalization, dynamization, globalization, pluralization, hybridization, and differentialization and is one of the buzzwords of modern Western industrialized societies, which are all together essentially responsible for structural change in communication. Medialization means the adaption of producers to media logics, media formats, and media routines ＆ workflows. There are consequently and logically influences because of the dynamic process of medialization to legal discourse and genres, law, media, and social power. It has to be discussed if the logics, data formats, and routines ＆ workflows of new media and information and communication technologies （ICTs） like social media are creating also a new generation of genres and novel form of legal discourses. Also, if social media will replace or complete old classic media （law of Riepl）, the question of the relevance of law concerning new ＆ social media has to be answered in close future. Lastly, if to the fore of social power, these new novel resources are actually framing for problem-based inquiries in law. There are big chances but also serious risks in cyberworld, their realities, and dangers. There actually exists an urgent call of action to theory building, development of methodologies, and empirical research.

Exploring the Body Politics of Female Teachers from the Perspective of Intersectionality and Agency in Education Locale

This paper explores how the body discourses constructed by patriarchal culture influence individual＇s body viewpoint and form teachers＇ body image in educational fields in gender perspectives of feminisms and the concepts of power and discourse from Foucanlt. At the same time I will also demonstrate that the body politics of women teachers in secondary education do not represent the stable and rigid hierarchy of traditional teacher-student relationship but shape the subjectivity which are deployed and suffused as a capillary action by the disciplines and power relations interwoven by gender, sexuality, class and age throughout the individual＇s cognition and behavior, thus produce self-monitoring in the meantime monitoring others for social function. Finally, I will argue that how the subjectivity under the social structure and cultural norms generates an individual＇s agency of resistance and subversion to existing gender structures through reflectivity in the cracks produced by the collision, fragmentation, consultation within different discourses, and then finds the temporary strategic and political positioning and identity.

Discussion on the Logical Coordination between Legal Theory and Legal Practice——from the Perspective of the Legal Basis of NPC5s Discussion and Decisiomaking Power on Major Issues

The decision of local people's congresses to discuss major issues is a basic right granted to local people's congresses by the Chinese Constitution and laws.However,in practice,the implementation of the power of deliberation of major issues by local people's congresses is worrying.By applying the theory of Chinese traditionalism and unity in the theory of law,the theory of"sovereignty in the people"in the social contract theory of Western natural law school,Austin's"legal command theory55 in Western positivist law and Hart's"recognition""Rules theory"to argue that the integrity of rights necessarily involves the dual factors of decision-making and execution.At the same time,the existence and operation of the law always reflects the development of the political system.The realistic political situation requires us to make more precise and meticulous refinement of the external form and specific technical links of the legal system,and to coordinate the rules to make up the legal theory and Conflicts and conflicts in legal practice help to reform social institutions.

Channels and Legal Framework for Power Sector Financing in China

Since early 1980s, in particular during the period of "7th and 8th Five-year Plan"(1986- 1995), China’s power sector has adopted successfully the policy of multichannel and diversified financing to raise funds as well as encouraging to introduce foreign funds for its development and has got tremendous achievements. This paper describes the channels and methods to raise funds from both domestic and international market to meet huge demand of funds amounting to 690 billion yuan RMBfor the sector development during "gth Fiveyear Plan" period (1996-2000) in the wake of overall reform and achievements in the past decade. This paper also presents the legal framework supporting to suit for the methods and channels of the financing. Some suggestions have been made.

eacher Power： A Critical Discourse Perspective Department of Fine Arts,Chongqing University of Education

Power relation can be revealed in discourse. Teacher power, to a large extent, is manifested through teacher talk. This paper attempts to provide an analysis of classroom language from a critical discourse perspective as to uncover the power hidden in teacher talk and of how language contributes to teacher power.

Analysis and Practical Significance of Lenin＇s Legal Supervision Theory

In order to ensure that law can be effectively implemented, Lenin started from social reality and construction of regime in Soviet Russia, and systematically analyzed value significance and system construction of legal supervision, based on which he proposed to establish unified legal supervision system to fulfill the functions of legal supervision. The paper starts with theoretical basis and content of Lenin＇ s legal supervision, and expounds the importance of legal supervision in Soviet Russia.

A Critical Discourse Analysis on the Teacher Behavioral Norms of English Training School

With a Critical Discourse Analysis approach, this essay reveals four types of discourses: discourse of examination, instruction, technology and regulation. Based on the analysis of power relation among those discourses, a vivid picture of teachers' identity at training-school has been clearly sketched. That is, teacher at training-school is a puppet acting as not only the transmitter of specific knowledge, but also the supervisor of rules and spokesman of institution.

论检察公益诉讼中的调查核实权

依据宪法和法律的规定,人民检察院是我国的法律监督机关。检察机关提起公益诉讼保护社会公共利益、维护社会治理秩序是人民检察院行使法律监督职责的重要内容和途径。调查核实权是检察机关充分行使公益诉讼法律监督职能的必要手段,保障和服务公益诉讼的顺利开展。检察公益诉讼中的调查核实权作为一项基础权力,虽具有非强制性和有限性,但具有一定的刚性和权威性。为更好地贯彻二十大精神,推动习近平法治思想的检察实践,应对公益诉讼不断发展的现实需求,应积极配合公益诉讼立法,在立法中对“调查核实”这一检察公益诉讼的核心环节加强规范,对调查核实权的属性、权力边界和运用程序予以进一步明确和细化。

权力概念的法学定位——兼论全球化时代的法益分析范式

“right”形同实异的一词多义现象,囿于宽泛的“能力”说,只看到权力和权利的共同性而无视其根本差异,权力和权利在一定条件下的可相互转换性,导致人们长期以来误把“权力”混同或归属于“权利”。法律思维的日益精细和法律观念的不断分化;“把权力关在制度笼子里”的政治诉求和政治共识;作为现代法治灵魂的“权利本位论”,唯有在“权力”独立于“权利”以及“权利—权力—义务—责任”四位一体的思维坐标中才能凸显其真正的意义和精髓;这些因素决定了权力概念成为法学独立范畴的必要性。萨尔蒙德和霍菲尔德的分析法学图式,虽然有些琐碎和似是而非,但第一次系统梳理了法律分析及法学研究的核心范畴,较为充分地区分了“权力”和“权利”,初步意识到“法益”的本体地位,从而为我们构建全球化时代的法益分析范式奠定了基础。如果说现象层面的“权利—权力—义务—责任”的分析方法主要服务于法律实务,那么深究法律本体、相对繁复的法益分析范式,则主要着眼于法学的体系性学理建设及其逻辑自洽检验。

论地方性法规的空间效力

地方性法规的空间效力是指地方性法规在什么空间范围内具有法律效力。地方性法规的空间效力可以分为“整体效力”“局部效力”“特定效力”和“区外效力”四种形式,其中“区外效力”是地方性法规的空间效力最鲜明的效力特征。我国现行宪法、立法法和有关法律并没有确立地方性法规的一般性空间效力,只是对“局部效力”和“特定效力”在制度上加以明确,对于地方性法规在“本行政区域”之外是否具有法律效力没有作出禁止性规定。从经济特区法规、自治条例和单行条例的立法程序来看,都不能作出否定地方性法规所具有的“区外效力”的结论。地方性法规的“区外效力”在横向和纵向两个方面进行效力延伸,横向空间效力是指地方性法规在其他行政区域的法律效力,纵向空间效力是指地方性法规能否约束中央层面的执法和司法审判机构。根据中国法的“域外适用”理论和政策要求,在确保地方性法规的合宪性、合法性前提下,地方性法规的“区外效力”应当得到制度的肯定和支持。

法律权力概念辩疑

权力是法律主体通过实施法律所规定宣告式言语行为、从而产生法律地位的资格,这里的法律地位与宣告式言语行为所包含的意愿相一致。法律权力概念具有普遍性,并非是由公法所专享的概念。法律权力既可以改变法律主体自身的法律地位,也可以改变他人的法律地位,且不以他人的同意为必要条件。法律权力具有构成性,它的核心在于使得行为人的意愿产生与之一致的法律地位,而不在于对行为人表达该意愿的行为加以规制。法律权力即便有时可以作为法律权利的构成因素,也不能将之视为法律权利的特殊形态,两者的内涵具有明显的差别。

公益诉讼中检察谦抑性原则的理论与应用

检察公益诉讼的顺利开展关乎检察权作用时机、检察权与行政权以及和私人权利关系的互动问题。在公益诉讼的启动上,人民检察院应以检察谦抑性原则为基本要求和追求,避免权力行使突破边界,并与民间代表力量充分协调,呵护民间自治力量的发展。在检察权和行政权关系问题上,应当厘清两类公权力的核心差异,合理划分二者的作用范围和边界,避免权力发生混淆和重叠。在检察权和私人权益的关系中,应当秉承公权行使保障私人权益的理念,注重公共利益和私人利益的均衡,避免绝对追求公益实现,忽视私益保护的情况发生。

中国国土空间规划法治化:问题检视与规范建构

国土空间不仅是人类生存和发展的物质空间,也是包含了社会关系生产与再生产的社会空间和权域空间,意味着国土空间规划不再仅是介入空间生产的技术治理工具,而是成为体现国家意志和政府目标的施政方式。作为一项公共政策,法治化是国土空间规划取得合法性的基本依托,也是证成其公权干预私权正当性的重要方式。国土空间规划法治化的实质内涵是“良法善治”。“良法”表现为体系上的完整性、内容上的科学性和功能上的指引性;“善治”则需要构建横向联结的整体性国土空间规划治理之道以及纵向传导的“压力-反馈”型国土空间规划治理之道。受制于内在和外在因素,中国国土空间规划法治化面临着顶层设计付之阙如、规划法治基础薄弱以及央地事权划分不清等多重困境。国土空间规划中所蕴含的权利、权力内容及其复杂关系,决定了以“权利-权力”为核心范畴的法权结构主义对其具有更充分的解释力。国土空间规划法治化宜依循“空间权力-空间权利”的逻辑展开。空间权力是国土空间规划法治化建构的基础。国土空间规划的权力体系包括空间发展权的供给、空间规划权的配置以及空间管理权的创设,在权力配置上应体现出整体性、对应性和公共性。空间权利是国土空间规划法治化建构的目标。国土空间规划中的空间权是包括狭义空间权(空间物权)和空间人权的复合性空间权利。空间权的复合属性及其立法缺失,以及作为抽象行政行为的国土空间规划的可诉性难题,亟待构建以“立法救济-行政救济-司法救济”为核心的空间权利救济体系。

《教师法》修订:基本理念、教师身份与立法技术

权益保障是我国教师立法的基本理念,此次《教师法》修订仍需贯彻和继承。科学定位教师的法律身份是保障教师合法权益的前提。基于义务教育与高等教育的不同特征以及我国教师队伍建设实践诉求,中小学教师宜定位为专业技术类公务员,高校教师的事业单位工作人员身份宜通过法律予以规定。教师权利义务是教师法律身份的外在表现,相关内容的修订须依据教师的不同法律身份。教师教育惩戒是中小学教师基于专业身份实施的事实行为,本质上属于教师专业自主权,《教师法》应予以确认和规范。围绕教师权益保障,还需从法律规范协调统一、增加程序性规范以及纠正硬法规范软法化等技术层面提高修订的科学性,增强《教师法》的可操作性。

公司治理中法定代表人的“权责核心”地位及其纯化

我国施行单一法定代表人制度,由一名自然人掌握公司的对外代表权和内部经营管理权,法定代表人在公司治理中处于“权力与责任的核心”地位。法定代表人的这一法律地位不但与公司治理的分权制衡理念相悖,而且引发争夺公司控制权、法定代表人变更、越权代表等纠纷,危及公司经营管理秩序和经济利益。公司立法应当回应实践要求,摆脱“厂长经理负责制”和“代表说”下“同一人格”理论的影响,明确法定代表人作为公司意思表达机关的法律地位与义务,赋予公司选择单一或多元代表模式的自治空间,基于委托关系完善法定代表人退出机制,通过登记公示技术使公司对代表权的限制发生对抗效力。

《教师法》修订应当突出对教师权益的保障——专访劳凯声教授

自《中华人民共和国教师法》实施以来,我国教师队伍的生存状况整体获得改善,教师的社会经济地位总体适当,但在教师队伍内部出现分化的趋势,教师的权利义务开始面临失衡的问题。面对社会变迁及其对教师职业的挑战,《教师法》修订应当在正确认识教师职业性质的基础上明确教师的法律地位,重点解决明确修法的基本目的、重构教师权利义务体系、改革完善教师聘任制度等问题。《教师法》修订应当始终坚持维护教师权益的价值导向,综合运用多部门法律规范调整教师法律关系,应当更新法治理念,努力提升修法的质量水平。

权力技术与主体建构:学前体育的社会学解释框架

学前体育是“幼有所育”“幼有优育”的重要内容与形式,对学前体育政策工具与主体实践的理解是认识学前体育本质内涵与价值指向的重要逻辑起点。借助福柯的权力谱系分析学前体育作为一项“权力技术”如何实现自身成为学前教育的日常化活动,同时论证作为学前体育实践的主体和客体的统一体,幼儿如何借助“自我技术”实现自身主体的建构,以说明学前体育作为国民教育体系的重要组成部分,其终极价值取向是促进儿童的全面发展。认为,在全面推进健康中国的大背景下,学前体育要遵循提升政策引导力、提升科研助推力和提升师资培养力的发展路径。

An Analysis of Senior High School English Teacher's Classroom Discourse: from the Perspective of CDA

The study of the English teachers' language in the L2 classrooms is a very important branch of discourse analysis. However, up till now, much of the research conducted has focused on the linguistic features of teachers' classroom discourse. In present study, a critical point of view is adopted to analyze the social and cultural aspects of the classroom discourse. With the help of CDA (critical discourse analy sis), the relationship between language, power and ideology is deeply explored.

新时期法治人才培养视域下“双师同堂”教学模式的构建

为落实全面依法治国的要求,新时代法治人才培养是实现这一目标的重要环节。在传统法学教育的供给与新时代法治人才的道德素养、知识素养和实践素养的需求下,表现出供需失调的结构性困境。“双师同堂”教学模式可以有效整合教学资源,实施分层级体系化教学,按照法学基础知识教育、学科交叉融合教育、法律实践技能等不同层次开展“对分式”“互补式”“对话式”等“双师同堂”教学模式,从而培养适应社会多元化需求的高素质应用型法治人才。