Why Teaching and Research Activities Lack Vitality?:A Probe into the Basic Psychological Needs of Teachers

Teaching and research activities are of great significance to the professional development of teachers.The basic psychological needs of teachers include autonomy,competence,and attribution.The engagement of teachers in teaching and research activities can be analyzed from these three perspectives.Under the management system of teaching and research,teachers generally lack autonomy in the organization of teaching and research activities;they are also lack scientific research knowledge and ability;in addition,under the influence of harmonious interpersonal relationships and the culture of individualism,there is a dearth in real communication among teachers.In light of this,we propose targeted countermeasures to promote the vitality of teaching and research activities.

A Small Scale Retrospective Study on Chinese EFL Teachers'Experienc-es in the Practicum

The goal of this small scale retrospective study is to examine the perceptions of Chinese EFL(English as a foreign language) teacher trainees of what they do and what they develop in the practicum. Research questions guiding this research are:(1)How much relative attention do Chinese teachers attribute to teaching EFL areas in the practicum in retrospect?(2) What activities do Chinese EFL teachers recollect doing in the practicum? and(3) What are the areas which they are aware of having developed in during the practicum? A questionnaire targeting EFL areas and general activities is employed to collect data; items contain 5-point Likert scales and three open-ended questions. Forty-eight respondents(44 female) are included in the sample. In the teaching of EFL areas, the results indicate that the participants experienced more emphasis on exam-oriented areas. The means for practicum activities show that participants highlighted learning by observation, discussion, and journals, among their various recalled activities. When evaluating development and learning opportunity in the practicum, participants reported improvements in general pedagogical knowledge, but they missed out on other aspects of teacher knowledge. The findings bring about evidence in what is effective and what is not of the practicum. It gives guidance to what could be changed for the practicum.

Planning of Recreation Parks in the University Campus

The benefits of parks and recreation are very serious. The purpose of this study was to investigate the attitudes of the people that use the campus area of Democritus university of Thrace, in Komotini. There are series of factors that should be taken under consideration when campus is under planned. In this research took part 742 people and more specific, they were: under graduate students, post graduate students, tutors as well as teaching and administrative staff. An analysis of Principle components has been accomplished and 8 factors have been accrued with eigenvalue more than 1. These factors explain the 55.32% of the whole variation. The conclusion of this study was that a model for campus planning must consists of these 8 parameters: land, climate, vegetation, physical activity, environmental consciousness, daily users of territory and inhabitants of an area.

On multi-role effects of teachers in College English teaching

The paper first introduces the multi-roles of College English teachers, from the knowledge instillers to the designers and organizers of classroom activities, the participants of learning English, information counselors and emotional supporters, and the models of morality. Based on this, the paper makes a detailed analysis of the multi-role effects which can not only stimulate students＇ creativity and improve their self-learning ability, but also adapt to the reform of College English teaching.

Kindergarten Teachers’Language Modeling Behaviors in Daily Activities and Free Play

Teachers’language modeling behaviors,including frequent conversation,open-ended questions,repetition and extension,self-and parallel talks,and advanced language,have significantly impacted young children’s language learning and development.This study examined 60 classrooms from 20 kindergartens in Guangzhou,China,and analyzed 62 films of daily activities and 57 videos of free play.It aims to address the research gap in existing research that pays little attention to teachers’language modeling behaviors in daily activities and free play.The results indicate that the more frequent teachers’language modeling behaviors,the larger the vocabulary young children use and the better their performance in lexical richness.However,such behaviors in daily activities and free play are infrequent and superficial,failing to guide young children’s language development effectively.To optimize teachers’language modeling behaviors in daily activities and free play,they are expected to establish positive emotional bonds with young children in a kind and respectful manner and receive training.Teachers are also encouraged to frequently communicate and engage in dialogues with young children,create contexts that facilitate the use of language,increase the frequency of stimuli for vocabulary learning,and guide and encourage young children’s advanced language.

基于WGAN-GP和Mean Teacher的WiFi使能跨域人体行为识别

人体行为识别(Human Activity Recognition,HAR)是当前众多研究工作的基石,对于推动人机交互和智能数字化转型具有巨大潜力。由于目标域样本较难采集,现有方法在跨域识别方面表现不佳。为解决这一问题,提出一种新的WiFi使能跨域HAR方法,从WiFi信号中获取信道状态信息(Channel State Information,CSI)并转化为图像,在基于Wasserstein距离和梯度的生成对抗网络(Wasserstein Generative Adversarial Network with Gradient Penalty,WGAN-GP)中引入双判别器,通过与源域样本和单目标域样本特征联合对抗,生成同时带有双域特征的虚拟样本。该方法还结合基于Mean Teacher的半监督学习设计识别分类(Recognition and Classification,RC)模块,通过对有标记样本与无标记样本分别构造损失函数,进行整体一致性损失的评估,实现对目标域样本的识别。实验结果证明了所提方法能够在减轻目标域样本采集压力的同时,实现较高的检测精度,在手势与动作的数据集上测试准确率分别达到92.71%和86.65%。

On Communicative Activities in English Teaching

This article explains why it is important to organize communicative activities in English teaching, as well as some theories and basic principles related to this respect. It is made up of four parts: 1) General Introduction; 2) How to organize communicative activities; 3) What educational objectives are to be reached through communicative activities and 4) Conclusion.The article is written to exchange ideas on organizing communicative activities in English classes with other English teachers as me.

School and community physical activity characteristics and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity among Chinese school-aged children： A multilevel path model analysis

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the association between school and community physical activity(PA) characteristics and levels of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity(MVPA) among Chinese school children.Methods: Data were obtained from the 2016 Physical Activity and Fitness in China—The Youth Study project. Participants were 80,928 school children(Grades 4–12; 39,747 boys, 41,181 girls; mean age = 13 years) and 935 physical education(PE) teachers who completed a study survey.Independent variables included both school-related factors(school-level PA support, availability of and access to PA facilities, and the duration of school PE classes) and community-related factors(the frequency of sports events, sports training opportunities, availability of sports clubs and organizations, and access to PA facilities). The dependent variable was the children's self-reported participation in MVPA. The data were analyzed,in 2017, via multilevel modeling.Results: PA support from school administrators was the only school-level factor significantly related to children's participation in MVPA.Children's perceptions of the frequency of community-sponsored sports events, availability of sports clubs and organizations, and convenient access to PA facilities were associated with a high level of MVPA participation. In regard to residency in urban and rural areas, children attending urban schools who perceived high availability of PA facilities were associated with a low level of participation in MVPA.Conclusion: School support for PA and community PA resources are associated with MVPA among Chinese school children. School PA facilities appear underutilized among urban schools as evidenced by low levels of MVPA among school children.

Training of Multi-layered Neural Network for Data Enlargement Processing Using an Activity Function

In this paper, we present a study on activity functions for an MLNN (multi-layered neural network) and propose a suitable activity function for data enlargement processing. We have carefully studied the training performance of Sigmoid, ReLu, Leaky-ReLu and L & exp. activity functions for few inputs to multiple output training patterns. Our MLNNs model has L hidden layers with two or three inputs to four or six outputs data variations by BP (backpropagation) NN (neural network) training. We focused on the multi teacher training signals to investigate and evaluate the training performance in MLNNs to select the best and good activity function for data enlargement and hence could be applicable for image and signal processing (synaptic divergence) along with the proposed methods with convolution networks. We specifically used four activity functions from which we found out that L & exp. activity function can suite DENN (data enlargement neural network) training since it could give the highest percentage training abilities compared to the other activity functions of Sigmoid, ReLu and Leaky-ReLu during simulation and training of data in the network. And finally, we recommend L & exp. function to be good for MLNNs and may be applicable for signal processing of data and information enlargement because of its performance training characteristics with multiple teacher training patterns using original generated data and hence can be tried with CNN (convolution neural networks) of image processing.

大学生学习性投入对其就业力的影响:课程满意度的中介作用

为了探讨大学生学习性投入与其就业力水平之间的关系,分析课程满意度在其中可能发挥的中介效应,采用中国大学生学习与发展追踪研究项目调查数据开展研究。研究发现,大学生的学习性投入水平及其重要维度——学业挑战度、生师互动、校园环境支持度等一方面直接正向影响大学生就业力水平,另一方面还通过课程满意度的中介作用正向影响其就业力水平。因此,建议改善学生高阶学习行为,提升学业挑战度;建立高效师生交流互动机制,鼓励各种形式的生师互动;强化社会实践,丰富学生的学术和社会活动经验;优化大学生人际交往环境和学业支持环境,提升校园环境支持度;根据学生评教结果动态调整课程内容和教学方法,提升大学生的课程满意度,进而提升其就业力水平。

以“发展”为核心的教师党支部组织生活理念与实践

在教育强国的建设中,高等教育发挥着龙头作用。高素质的教师队伍是实现高等教育质量提升的关键。发展既是国家需要,又是教师需要。当前,党员教师在高校教师中的占比为一半左右,发挥高校基层党组织战斗堡垒作用,以“发展”为核心开展教师党支部组织生活,对培养优秀党员教师、提升党支部活力具有积极作用。针对当前教师党支部在组织生活开展过程中所面临的问题,提出了相应的组织生活质量提升理念,并对部分理念进行了实践。

“善”:一种“教师教育体系”的理论阐释

教师教育是一项专门的、实践的和复杂的专业教育活动,教师教育涉及教师教育活动的组成要素及其作用关系。教师教育体系包括组成要素的“体”与影响要素之间相互作用的“系”,两者相辅相成、浑然一体,两者的相互作用最终致力于实现教师教育实践的合目的性。政策制定者与政策研究者关于“教师教育体系”话语表达的基本逻辑是“善”的教师需要“善”的教师教育活动,“善”的教师教育活动需要“善”的教师教育体系。教师教育体系本质上是一种从整体上认识教师教育活动运行规律、追求“善”的教师教育治理方法论。

活动理论视角下教科书对教师教学的显性与隐性影响研究

基于列扎特“教科书使用”的“四面体”活动模型对教师使用教科书的情况及对教学的影响展开研究.结合研究主题选择了其中3个维度,在此基础上编制调查问卷,对20个省市使用北师大版初中数学教科书的3766名初中数学教师进行调查,分析教师在教学过程中,教科书对其教学设计、教学方式选择以及对学生学习的引导等方面的显性影响,教科书对丰富教师的学科知识、教学知识和跨学科拓展性知识进而对教学产生的隐性影响等.数据分析后得到了相关结论:教科书使用在丰富和拓展教师知识方面有很大的促进作用,因此教科书对教学的隐性影响不容忽视;教师使用教科书在学生学习的各个环节产生不同影响,或显性或隐性,“教科书隐身”存在下教师能够较好地发挥能动性;教科书的使用在性别、教龄和职称等方面有显著差异,同样也体现在教科书培训与否上.

基于一日活动情境的幼儿园师幼互动评价量表编制与验证

师幼互动发生在幼儿园一日活动中的各个环节,研制基于一日活动情境的、能供教师自主使用的幼儿园师幼互动评价量表具有重要的理论价值与实践意义。项目组立足幼儿园一日活动情境,在文献与政策分析、实地访谈与观察基础上形成了初始版评价量表;采用德尔菲专家咨询法,通过三轮调查问卷对初始版评价量表进行修改完善,形成了4个维度35个项目的试用版评价量表;选取64名评价者,根据试用版评价量表对213所幼儿园进行实地观察评价。经过探索性因子分析、验证性因子分析、信度分析和相关分析,最终形成4个维度31个项目的正式版评价量表,量表信效度良好;描述性统计结果进一步表明,量表能够揭示幼儿园一日活动情境中的师幼互动质量,可作为评价幼儿园师幼互动的有效工具。

高校教师体育锻炼受挫体验及其应对的质性初探

采用质性研究的范式,通过对17名经常参与体育锻炼的高校教师访谈,旨在探索高校教师体育锻炼的受挫体验特征及应对策略。在访谈收集的数据整理基础上,研究运用NVivo12.0软件进行资料处理分析,结果表明高校教师体育锻炼受挫体验的特征主要表现为认知方面的体能、技能任务承诺的受挫感以及运动创伤的受挫感。同时在情绪方面的社会目标承诺受挫感主要表现为沮丧、无助、为难和放弃的消极感受;面对体育锻炼的受挫体验,高校教师通常对自身体能和技能的优势与劣势进行认知重构,并强化获得感的情绪调节以及对社会目标承诺受挫体验的行为调节。这些应对策略对于减少体育锻炼中的受挫体验具有较好的作用,文章对此进行了讨论。并针对高校教师的体育锻炼开展提出了相应的建议。

我国银龄教师计划的政策议程探析:基于多源流理论的分析框架

《国家银龄教师行动计划》是调动广大优秀退休教师继续投身教育事业的重要举措,已逐步上升为一种国家行动。运用多源流理论作为其政策议程分析框架,系统揭示了“深入挖掘老龄社会潜能”的运作逻辑:人口老龄化与教育高质量发展双重叠加的问题流,专家学者与人大代表的关注建言、地方政策探索汇聚的政策流,国家战略推进、领导重视、国民情绪等共鸣的政治流,三者耦合交汇,使该计划之窗开启。未来我们应利用好政策机遇,精准反馈问题流,充分吸收政策流,及时呼应政治流,最终实现人口老龄化背景下中国式教育现代化的美好愿景。

乡镇英语教师测评素养调查

建设教育强国和高质量教育体系要求教师具备良好的测评素养。调查乡镇教师测评素养现状,探寻乡镇教师测评素养发展路径,对提升乡镇学校教育教学水平具有重要意义。本研究采用定量和定性相结合的方法,通过问卷调查、访谈调查、课堂观察和文本分析对粤西地区乡镇英语教师的测评素养状况进行调查研究。结果表明,乡镇英语教师的整体测评素养较为欠缺,亟须从沟通测评结果、制定评分标准及评分程序、评估题目质量、开展课堂评估、提供促学反馈等方面加以提升,建议从加强培训和增强备课科组的测评意识等方面逐步提高其测评素养。

校本课程开发二十年:一项教师生活史研究

运用生活史研究的方法,通过田野观察和深度访谈,采集教师们的课程开发故事,并将他们的故事放入到他们所处学校的、社区的及国家的社会大背景中加以历史地考察。同时,通过并置、对照和比较他们的个人课程开发故事,构建一幅有关“校本课程开发”乃至更广的课程改革“马赛克”式生活史图景。与单纯的文献史不同,这是一种微观至中观层面上的课程史建构的努力和尝试,是一种“叙事性”的历史“真实”。回顾“三级”课程管理政策推动的“校本课程开发”二十年(2001—2021),追问:校本课程开发的实践主体——学校教师——是如何卷入到二十年前的那个改革的大潮中去的?经历了怎样的课程开发过程?产生了什么样的认识和体验?对这场主要由改革专家“理论”、政府推动的自上而下的课程改革的认同度有多高?这些追问不仅涉及到“过去了”的二十年,更关系到未来的二十年、三十年,关系到他们面对未来政府和专家推动新新课程改革的参与度、支持度、行动力和认知力。

“教学评价素养”的构建:合作研究实践中教师理念发展的个案研究

本研究深入探讨了大学与中学合作模式下的教师发展项目如何推动教师在合作研究实践中实现概念发展的轨迹。本研究以维果茨基和恩格斯托姆的理论为基础,深入探讨了一名中学英语教研员在与教师项目导师和其团队教师共同构建“教学评价素养”研究主题的过程中,不断协商理解科学概念与日常概念的关系。该研究持续两年,收集了多种数据,涵盖了六轮口头辩论与研究报告活动、课堂观察、访谈、日志和研究报告。数据分析显示,教研员的概念发展历程呈现出逐步整合与转变的特点,同时也为其项目的参与教师提供了拓展学习机会,促进了大家集体概念的发展。尽管教师培训项目在推动多模块协同活动、学术与实践相结合的指导以及集体支持方面发挥了至关重要的作用,在充满张力的概念发展过程中,教师仍需要细致入微的指导。

高校数字化转型下教师开展数字化教学活动评价

教师的数字化教学能力是高校实现数字化转型的关键影响因素之一,当前高校缺乏对教师开展数字化教学活动的科学评价与有效管理,难以为提升教师数字化教学能力提供精准服务。本研究阐述高校教师开展数字化教学活动的影响因素,并通过问卷调查对教师在课程教学中开展数字化教学活动进行低水平、中等水平和高水平评价。研究结果表明,高校教师利用数字技术设计不同水平的数字化教学活动,讲授、小组讨论和在线教学与教师开展数字化教学活动水平呈正相关,数字素养、数字化教学能力、数字化政策和管理制度、基础设施及技术支持等因素与教师开展数字化教学活动水平有显著关系。在数字化学习环境下开展高水平、情境丰富的学习活动,有助于提升高校教师的数字化教学能力,推动高校教学数字化转型及高质量发展。