Living Conditions and Palliative Care Needs among End-of-Life Former Commercial Plasma Donors Affected with HIV/AIDS in Rural Henan of China

Objective China began providing antiretroviral therapy to people living with HIV/AIDS （PLWHA） in 2003. This study was to investigate the living conditions, including quality of life and happiness, and need for palliative care of end-of-life PLWHA in rural Henan. Methods One hundred end-of-life AIDS patients were selected from Weishi, Zhenping and Tanghe counties in Henan, using convenience sampling. The World Health Organization Quality of Life for HIV （WHOQOL-HIV） BREF Chinese Version was used to measure the quality of life and the Memorial University of Newfoundland Scale of Happiness （MUNSH） was employed to measure subjective welfare. Qualitative interviews and focus group discussions were undertaken to learn about the palliative care provided and the specific needs of the end-of-life patients. Results Patients’ overall quality of life was moderate （12.62±1.97）. Highest scores were in the spirituality/religion/personal beliefs, higher than the average scores in the Chinese population （P0.01）, while psychological （13.58±2.06） and environment （12.50±3.28） domain scores were similar to the latter （P0.05）. Both independence （12.15±2.15） and physiological （14.04±3.16） domain scores were lower than the average of the people living with HIV/AIDS in other studies （P0.01）; however, all were in the moderate range. The average MUNSH score was 21.00±6.20, which was also moderate. The in-depth interviews indicated that the Henan Provincial Government’s policy of treatment and care had a beneficial impact on end-of-life AIDS patients, although the care components could be improved. Conclusions Living conditions of the end-of-life AIDS patients were moderate, and the HIV/AIDS palliative care model used was beneficial to them. Care could be improved by assisting the family unit as a whole.

The Emergence of Loving Pedagogy in the L2 Affective Domain:How Affective Pedagogy Accounts for Chinese EFL Teachers’Professional Success and Job Satisfaction?

The success of teachers in professional environments has a desirable influence on their mental condition.Simply said,teachers’professional success plays a crucial role in improving their mental health.Due to the invaluable role of professional success in teachers’mental health,personal and professional variables helping teachers succeed in their profession need to be uncovered.While the role of teachers’personal qualities has been well researched,the function of professional variables has remained unknown.To address the existing gap,the current investigation measured the role of two professional variables,namely job satisfaction and loving pedagogy,in Chinese EFL teachers’professional success.To do this,three validated scales were provided to 1591 Chinese EFL teachers.Participants’answers to the questionnaires were analyzed using the Spearman correlation test and structural equation modeling.The data analysis demonstrated a strong,positive link between the variables.Moreover,loving pedagogy was found to be the positive,strong predictor of Chinese EFL teachers’job satisfaction and professional success.The findings of the current inquiry may help educational administrators enhance their instructors’professional success,which in turn promotes their mental and psychological conditions at work.

Living Condition and Willingness of Migrant Workers——A Case Study of Panyu District in Guangzhou City

Migrant worker is the product of urban and rural dual structure,and also an important force promoting social development.Paying close attention to living condition and willingness of migrant workers is favorable for improving people's livelihood and stabilizing society.Panyu District of Guangzhou City has gathered numerous migrant workers.Therefore,it randomly selected 600 migrant workers in Panyu District and took them as objects of questionnaire.Through research,it is found that current living condition of migrant workers is not optimistic,and it is expected that their housing problem can be solved.

Living Arrangements and Conditions of Older Persons in Namibia

In Africa, ageing is a phenomenon that is just beginning to reveal its shape. Most governments, including the Namibian government, recognize the fact that the number of older persons is on the increase, however, discussing it is still a distant phenomenon and family matter. This paper examines the living arrangements of older adults in Namibia, identifying the existing structure of living arrangements and the nature of family relationships of older people, as well as provides some basic descriptive information on the housing conditions in which older persons live and how they are associated with their socioeconomic and demographic factors. The analysis is based on 1991, 2001 and 2011 Namibia Population and Housing Censuses. The study concluded that living arrangements is constantly changing from extended family pattern to western nuclear family, mainly due to urbanization and decreased fertility rate. Housing conditions had notably improved in rural areas while in urban areas the conditions are affected by the mushrooming of informal settlements. There is need to encourage or conduct focused research on ageing to help coin policies based on evidence and make communities sensitive towards ageing. The study further recommends Government to encourage old people to form organizations that would in turn focus on sensitizing and help championing issues of ageing and aged persons.

An investigation on the Correlation between Unemployment and Living Conditions in Zambia： A Case Study of Kaunda Square Stage II

Most of the Zambian population, the poor people in affluent society, are enmeshed in the net of poverty. The Zambian government seems to have failed in its contractual obligation to respect and sustain its social contract with the people. There is a seemingly total collapse of social security, increased unemployment rate and consequently decreased living conditions among the youth. This study sets out to investigate the correlation between unemployment and living conditions in Kaunda Square Stage II by analyzing the impact of unemployment and suggests strategic solutions to mitigate the levels of unemployment. The primary objective of this study is to investigate the impact on the living conditions caused by unemployment in Zambia specifically in Kaunda Square Stage II and adopt strategic solutions that will mitigate creation of jobs to improve the living conditions. The study underscores that unemployment is a universal phenomenon, not necessarily a peculiar characteristic of any segment of the society. Reducing poverty, preventing excessive inequality, and generating adequate employment are the three most important goals of a macroeconomic strategy that seeks to improve the living standards of the population. Inequality and employment are each a complex phenomenon and difficult to capture with a single measurement, particularly in a low-income economy undergoing change. It is in this context that the study intends to investigate the correlation between unemployment and living conditions in Kaunda Square Stage II and to provide strategic solutions that may improve living conditions in Kaunda Square Stage II. The study concludes that high unemployment in Kaunda Square Stage II increases poverty which subsequently affects living conditions. Therefore, when, unemployment rates increase the opportunities for earning income decreases which instigate individuals to be poor. The paper closes with reflections on how good strategic solutions can be used to underwrite more employment reduction strategies.

The Female's Living Conditions:Comments on The Daughters of the Late Colonel

This article is a concern of the female's living conditions in the story The Daughters of the Late Colonel written by Katherine Mansfield.The analysis will stress on the relationship between the two daughters and the people around them,through which the plight and oppression that heaved upon women and their tragical,unhappy life in the patriarchal society are clearly exposed.

Can People Living With HIVIAIDS Be Teachers?

HIV is still a sensitive topic in China,which was once again thrust into the spotlight in September when a young aspiring teacher launched a lawsuit against local authorities in southwest China’s Guizhou Province for employment discrimination. The candidate,who went by the alias Xiao Hai,tested positive for HIV during a mandatory employment medical examination

Living donor liver transplantation with body-weight more or less than 10 kilograms

AIM: To compare the outcomes of pediatric patients weighing less than or more than 10 kg who underwent liver transplantation.METHODS: Data for 196 pediatric patients who underwent living donor liver transplantation between June 1994 and February 2011 were reviewed retrospectively.The information for each patient was anonymized and de-identified before analysis. The data included information regarding the pre-transplant conditions, intraoperative fluid replacement and outcomes for each patient. The 196 patients were divided into two groups: those with body weights of less than 10 kg were included in group 1(G1; n =101), while those with body weights of more than 10 kg were included in group 2(G2; n = 95). For each group, the patients' ages, body weights, heights,pediatric end stage liver disease scores, anesthesia times, and warm and cold ischemic times were analyzed. In addition, between-group comparisons were also made. Mann-Whitney U tests were used to compare all the variables except for complications and survival rates, which were analyzed using χ 2 tests and Kaplan-Meier tests, respectively.RESULTS: The general medical conditions of the G1patients were worse than those of the G2 patients, as shown by the higher pediatric end stage liver disease scores and poorer Z-scores. In addition, the preoperative Hb and serum albumin levels were all lower for the G1 patients than for the G2 patients. The G1 patients also had significantly more intraoperative blood loss than the G2 patients. In addition, the intraoperative fluid requirements for the G1 patients,including leukocyte poor red blood cell transfusions,5% albumin infusions and crystalloid infusions, were significantly higher than those for the G2 patients. The risk of intraoperative portal vein thrombosis was higher for the patients in G1 than for those in G2. However,the one-year survival rates(95.9% and 96.8% for G1 and G2, respectively) and three-year survival rates(94.9% and 94.6% for G1 and G2, respectively) for both groups were similar.CONCLUSION: Patients weighing less than 10 kg typically have poorer conditions, but their survival rates are comparable to those of children weighing more than 10 kg.

On the Frustration among College English Teachersin Video-based Online Teachingin China West Ethnic Area

During the covid-19 pandemic,video-based online teaching is adopted by many schools.with the popularization of smart devices,many universities have launched comprehensive online teaching.This paper focuses on the frustration among college English teachers who apply video living as the major or supplement in their teaching,the resource of the frustration,and the possible solutions for the negative emotions,which is a promotion to further online education.

Question and Countermeasure Research of Human Living Environment Designs in New Countries

In the view of new rural living environment,problems existing in the construction of current new rural living environment were analyzed so as to propose some theoretical ideas and ways for resolving the problems existing in the design of new rural living environment.

国外教师专业发展支撑条件研究——以《Teaching and Teacher Education》的文献为例

教师专业发展是近年来国内外教育研究的重要主题,借鉴国外的成功经验能够为国内教师专业发展的开展提供理论借鉴。《教学与教师教育》是国际上研究教师发展的权威杂志。为完善教师专业发展的支撑条件,需要各学校在教育观念、培训项目和教育改革上实施变革,并在学校的文化价值、文化取向及领导文化上做好文章。同时,立足现实,有目的地实施差异化发展取向,采用切合实际的校本领导模式,开发有实效性的课题和项目,以及领导和同志携手同心,打造有地方特色的学校文化这都是促进当地教师专业发展的重要路径。

民国时期大学助教的薪酬及其生活状况

民国时期,助教在大学专任教师群体中占据很大比例。政府对助教薪俸、补贴等进行了多次调整和补充。各大学依据自身特点和条件,参照政府颁布的多项政策不断调整助教薪酬。助教在经历政府欠薪时期的艰难之后,曾过上一段温饱的生活,全民族抗日战争爆发后,生活又再度陷入困窘。助教的薪酬与教授的薪酬相比,差距较大;与中学教师、公务员的薪酬相比,也略低。通过对大学助教薪酬及其生活的考察,可以更加全面、客观地认识民国时期大学教师的生活状况。

四川少数民族活态文学英译:现状与反思

四川少数民族活态文学英译是中国文学“走出去”的重要组成部分。四川少数民族活态文学英译分布不平衡性,译本选择较为拘窄,英译模式与策略较为单一。针对四川少数民族活态文学英译现状,结合民族活态文学的民族性、流变性、表演型和即兴性等特征,提出以下几点:加强战略规划,改善生态平衡;完善翻译模式,提高翻译质量;调整翻译策略,再现口传特质。四川少数民族活态文学英译研究不但能促进我国民族活态文学翻译的学理研究,对提高我国民族文学与文化的传播力和影响力也大有裨益。

电力电缆状态感知与检测技术研究综述

电力电缆是电力系统中的重要设备,电缆的运行状态关系到输配电系统的安全可靠运行。电缆状态检测技术指根据电缆运行状态的历史数据,综合运用停电试验、带电检测、在线监测等技术对电缆状态量进行智能感知,为电缆运行性能综合评估提供关键参考信息。文中综述了近年关于电缆状态感知及检测技术的国内外研究现状,分别从温度、载流量、局部放电、受潮、应变/振动和接地电流等状态量进行评述,阐明了不同状态量的检测原理,介绍了目前电缆状态检测技术研究及实践中的应用情况和发展水平,并探讨电缆状态检测技术的主要发展趋势。

老年人生活状况与衰弱相关性的横断面研究

目的 分析老年人衰弱情况与生活状况的相关性。方法 采用方便抽样方法选取2021年8月-2022年2月在医院、社区和养老院共20家医疗机构体检及住院的4 869例老年人,根据Fried衰弱诊断标准,将研究对象分为非衰弱组(2 904例)、衰弱前期组(1 284例)和衰弱组(681例)。通过多因素logistic回归分析生活状况与衰弱的相关性。结果 衰弱总患病率为14.0%(95%CI:13.0~15.0),男性与女性患病率比较(11.9%和16.3%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。三组的年龄、性别、婚姻状况、家庭类型、月收入、职业类型、文化程度、体质量指数(BMI)比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。三组的吸烟情况、吸二手烟、饮酒情况、职业情况、居住地类型、运动频率、运动时间、运动方式、睡眠质量、睡眠时间、生活满意度比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素logistic分析结果显示,校正了年龄、性别、婚姻状况、家庭类型、月收入、职业类型、文化程度和BMI等影响因素后,年龄≥80岁、女性、文化程度偏低、离职状态、居住在中小型城市、偶尔运动和睡眠时间不足8 h是老年人衰弱发生的独立危险因素(P<0.05),不吸二手烟、与家人一起居住和良好的睡眠质量是老年人发生衰弱的保护因素(P<0.05)。结论 老年人生活状况与衰弱发生具有相关性,可通过改变不良的生活方式来改善衰弱状况,提高生活质量。

幼儿园教师工作条件的现实困境及影响探析

提升学前教育质量,建设稳定优质的幼儿园教师队伍是世界各国的共识与追求。近年来,幼儿园教师的工作条件受到国际社会的广泛关注,被认为是建设高质量学前教育师资队伍的关键经验之一。对我国12省(直辖市)6878名幼儿园教师的调查结果显示,我国幼儿园教师感知的工作条件存在着结构失衡、空间塌陷和边缘担忧的现实困境。进一步开展离职倾向的问卷调查(N=5388)和师幼互动的观察评价(N=105),结果显示,相比工作设施和专业发展,工作分配、工作氛围和工作报酬三个要素均能显著预测幼儿园教师的离职倾向,以及师幼互动中的情感支持和班级管理。因此,为了促进幼儿园教师队伍的稳定优质发展,应建立幼儿园教师工作条件的基本标准,并优先改善幼儿园教师的工作报酬、工作分配和工作氛围。

流感病毒改造新策略及其应用

流感病毒有着极强的变异性和传播性,常在全球范围内引起季节性的流感爆发。流感病毒的基因组序列、蛋白结构与功能、病毒的包装机制等环节研究相对清楚,也是一种重要的模式病毒,用于条件控制基因元件的发现和确证,构建智能响应型病毒等。随着反向遗传学与合成生物学的发展,通过基因工程改造的流感病毒能更好地控制病毒复制来提高疫苗的安全性,以及诱发机体产生强烈的免疫反应,在肿瘤免疫治疗领域引发广泛关注。本文描述了蛋白质水解靶向嵌合病毒、条件复制型流感减毒活病毒和高干扰素敏感病毒等三种新型减毒流感病毒改造策略,并对编码过早终止密码子的嵌合抗原肽的流感病毒、与PD-L1或CTLA4免疫检查点重组的流感病毒、截短的NS1片段表达GM-CSF的流感病毒分别对黑色素瘤、肝癌的溶瘤作用进行评述。未来,将通过创新性地运用不同策略、不同病毒来构建减毒活疫苗和溶瘤病毒,以便在临床上获得更加安全有效的治疗手段。

超声双重造影参数、预后营养指数对胃癌伴腹膜转移患者预后的预测价值分析

目的探讨超声双重造影(DCEUS)参数、预后营养指数(PNI)对胃癌伴腹膜转移患者预后的预测价值。方法选取2021年1月至2022年1月新疆克孜勒苏柯尔克孜自治州人民医院收治的90例胃癌伴腹膜转移患者作为观察组,另选取同期新疆克孜勒苏柯尔克孜自治州人民医院收治的90例未伴腹膜转移的胃癌患者作为对照组,比较分析两组DCEUS参数,包括基础强度(BI)、峰值强度(PI)、开始增强时间(RT)、到达峰值时间(TTP)、增强强度(EI)及PNI。同时分析胃癌伴腹膜转移患者的生存状况,DCEUS参数、PNI与胃癌伴腹膜转移患者临床病理因素的关系及对这类患者预后的预测价值。结果观察组DCEUS参数BI、PI、EI高于对照组,RT、TTP及PNI低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。胃癌伴腹膜转移患者DCEUS参数BI、PI、EI、RT、TTP与肿瘤T分期、腹膜转移分级、有无腹水、血清癌胚抗原、糖类抗原19-9水平及姑息性胃切除联合术后化疗评分有关(P<0.05),PNI与腹膜转移分级、血红蛋白、血小板与淋巴细胞比值、中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值、白蛋白及姑息性胃切除联合术后化疗评分有关(P<0.05)。观察组90例患者中位生存时间为11.7个月,1年生存率仅47.78%;Kaplan-Meier曲线分析显示,BI、PI、EI高水平患者1年生存率低于低水平患者,RT、TTP及PNI高水平患者1年生存率高于低水平患者,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Cox回归分析结果显示,肿瘤T分期、腹膜转移分级、姑息性胃切除联合术后化疗评分、BI、PI、EI为胃癌伴腹膜转移患者预后的独立危险因素(P<0.05),白蛋白、RT、TTP及PNI为独立保护因素(P<0.05)。受试者操作特征曲线分析显示,BI、PI、EI、RT、TTP及PNI联合预测胃癌伴腹膜转移患者预后的曲线下面积为0.909,明显大于各指标单独预测(P<0.05)。结论DCEUS参数BI、PI、EI、RT、TTP及PNI与胃癌伴腹膜转移病情进展有一定关系,联合预测胃癌伴腹膜转移患者预后的价值较为可靠,具有重要的临床意义。

河北省50岁及以上中老年人生活状况及养老服务需求调查分析

目的 了解河北省中老年人(≥50岁)生活状况及其养老服务需求现状,为制定老年人康养与健康促进政策提供依据。方法 利用2021年河北省中老年人卫生服务调查数据,分析其生活状况和养老服务需求。结果 河北省中老年人群的收入低,月收入1 000~3 000元者占41.39%,3 001~5 000元者占16.80%。63.73%的研究对象生活能自理,属于无须依赖(身体健康、生活无须他人照护),24.03%的研究对象属于轻度依赖(基本健康、生活少部分需要他人照护)。慢性病患病率高,56.62%的研究对象可以承担医疗费用,36.98%有点困难,6.40%很困难。研究对象对养老方面的信息关注度整体较高,研究对象所在地目前提供的养老服务主要是医疗咨询(34.79%)、保健服务(29.85%)、紧急救助(17.92%),有7.15%的研究对象所在地区各种康养服务都没有。结论 河北省中老年人群的总体收入水平不高,慢性病患病率高,医疗费用负担较重,应积极探索健康养老及医疗服务的新模式,为河北中老年人的健康养老和健康促进提供依据。

高校在线直播教学的研究与思考

通过对常见的智慧教学工具与学习平台、在线教学方式的介绍与比较,分析在线教学常见的问题及影响因素,提出完善在线教学的策略,旨在充分利用在线教学的契机,推动信息技术与课堂教学的有机融合,促进教学质量的提升,提升师生信息素养,推进信息技术发展与教育现代化。