Analysis of GPS Technology in Surveying and Mapping Engineering Technology

With the rapid advancement of digital and information technology,global positioning system(GPS)technology has seen increasing utilization in surveying and mapping engineering,extending its application across land,ocean,and various other domains.By analyzing the technical means of GPS in surveying and mapping engineering,understanding the characteristics and key technologies in different application environments,and exploring the application process and key technical means,accurate control can be effectively realized.Based on this,this paper mainly analyzes the specific application of GPS technology in surveying and mapping engineering technology for reference.

Automated machine learning for rainfall-induced landslide hazard mapping in Luhe County of Guangdong Province,China

Landslide hazard mapping is essential for regional landslide hazard management.The main objective of this study is to construct a rainfall-induced landslide hazard map of Luhe County,China based on an automated machine learning framework(AutoGluon).A total of 2241 landslides were identified from satellite images before and after the rainfall event,and 10 impact factors including elevation,slope,aspect,normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI),topographic wetness index(TWI),lithology,land cover,distance to roads,distance to rivers,and rainfall were selected as indicators.The WeightedEnsemble model,which is an ensemble of 13 basic machine learning models weighted together,was used to output the landslide hazard assessment results.The results indicate that landslides mainly occurred in the central part of the study area,especially in Hetian and Shanghu.Totally 102.44 s were spent to train all the models,and the ensemble model WeightedEnsemble has an Area Under the Curve(AUC)value of92.36%in the test set.In addition,14.95%of the study area was determined to be at very high hazard,with a landslide density of 12.02 per square kilometer.This study serves as a significant reference for the prevention and mitigation of geological hazards and land use planning in Luhe County.

CONGRATULATIONS ON THE JOURNAL CHANGED THE NAME OF《SURVEYING AND MAPPING》AS《ENGINEERING OF SURVEYING AND MAPPING》

The journal has been changed the name of《Surveytng And Mapping》,as《Engineering of Sur-veying And Mapping》from this issue.The jounal is a quarterly publication for surveying and map-ping science and technology sponsored by Harbin Institute of Engineering(former Harbin Instituteof Surveyting and Mapping).The purpose of the journal is to present national and international newtheoris,techniques and methods,to exchange achievements and experience about the scientific re-search,teaching,technique reform and production management,to report national and internation-al development,seminar and technique lessons,and introduce famous scholars and books in survey-ing and mapping circles.The journal has enjoyed the support and favorable comment of nationalreaders of surveying and mapping circles.

Exploration on the Teaching Method for Surveying and Mapping Practice in Ancient Architecture

Since the introduction of the architecture course,the practice of surveying and mapping of ancient architecture has always been an important compulsory course in the professional course of architecture in colleges and universities in China. Against the background of the new era,the teaching methods used so far can no longer fully meet the needs of the development of the times and the construction of " Double FirstClass" initiative. This paper explores deeply from the aspects of organizational planning,technical support and achievement transformation,in order to enrich the teaching methods for ancient architecture surveying and mapping practice course in architecture major,and finally improve the teaching level and improve the teaching effect.

Characteristics of B,Zn and Se in stream sediments of Tanzania and their agricultural applications:Based on 1∶1000000 geochemical survey

Tanzania is located in eastern Africa with a predominantly agricultural ecomomy,the potential for developing and utilizing cultivated land are promising,but scientific guidance is required.B,Zn and Se are essential micronutrients for plants and human body with crucial biological functions,in particular,Se is significant for human health and considered as“the king of anti-cancer”.As these elements required by human or plants are mainly absorbed from soil directly or indirectly,therefore,it is important to understand the contents and distributions of them in the soil of cultivated land for guiding agricultural production.In this work,low-density geochemical survey at the scale of 1∶1000000 was carried out in Tanzania,and the results show that the concentrations of B,Zn and Se in stream sediments are low and their distributions are heterogeneous.According to the distributions of geological units,the existing cultivated land resources can be divided into five regions in Tanzania.Compared with the national background values,the concentrations of B,Zn and Se are insufficient overall but enriched locally in these regions.In general,element concentrations in stream sediments and soil have a positive correlation because of their similar sources,which is essential in agriculture application.Based on the information provided by low-density geochemical data and maps,the Se-sufficient and Se-rich regions were delineated in Tanzania,where can be used to develop Se-rich industries.Finally,this paper believes that geochemical survey is a powerful tool for cultivated land evaluation,agriculture management and land development.

Gold enrichment characteristics and exploration prospects in Zambia: Based on 1∶1000000 geochemical mapping

The 1∶1000000 geochemical mapping of Zambia provides catchment sediment geochemical data for 58elements including Au from 746 sediment samples at 736 sampling sites,corresponding to a sampling density of about one site per 1000 km2.Under strict quality control using field duplicates,certified reference materials,and analytical replicate samples,the Au was determined by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry(ICP-MS).The detection limit of Au was 0.20×10^(-9).The 95%range(2.5%–97.5%)of Au concentrations was from 0.24×10^(-9) to 1.36×10^(-9),and the median value was 0.40×10^(-9).The most noticeable Au distribution patterns shown on the map are mainly located between Lusaka and Ndola(Lufilian Arc Belt).In addition,several high Au value areas occurred in Mansa,Muyombe,Chipata,and Livingstone.The spatial distribution patterns of Au in tectonic units,drainage basins,and geomorphological landscapes could be related to the Lufilian Arc Belt and Bangweulu Block.The Au concentrations show metallogenic belts between Muyombe and Mbala areas,between Mansa and Ndola areas,and between Lusaka and Kasempa areas.

Responses of phreatophyte transpiration to falling water table in hyper-arid and arid regions,Northwest China

Quantitative assessment of the impact of groundwater depletion on phreatophytes in(hyper-)arid regions is key to sustainable groundwater management.However,a parsimonious model for predicting the response of phreatophytes to a decrease of the water table is lacking.A variable saturated flow model,HYDRUS-1D,was used to numerically assess the influences of depth to the water table(DWT)and mean annual precipitation(MAP)on transpiration of groundwater-dependent vegetation in(hyper-)arid regions of northwest China.An exponential relationship is found for the normalized transpiration(a ratio of transpiration at a certain DWT to transpiration at 1 m depth,T_(a)^(*))with increasing DWT,while a positive linear relationship is identified between T_(a)^(*)and annual precipitation.Sensitivity analysis shows that the model is insensitive to parameters,such as saturated soil hydraulic conductivity and water stress parameters,indicated by an insignificant variation(less than 20%in most cases)under±50%changes of these parameters.Based on these two relationships,a universal model has been developed to predict the response of phreatophyte transpiration to groundwater drawdown for(hyper-)arid regions using MAP only.The estimated T_(a)^(*)from the model is reasonable by comparing with published measured values.

普通高校测绘工程专业程序设计类课程的教学改革探讨

随着传感器技术的飞速发展,以三维激光扫描为代表的新型批量数据采集装备的出现极大地提高了空间定位数据采集的效率。正确、高效地从采集的各类数据中提取感兴趣的信息成为新时代背景下测绘人员的必备技能。作为培养高级专门人才的摇篮,紧跟行业需求,在课程设置、教学内容与教学方法方面不断进行优化和调整是高等院校教学人员的使命。以“数据结构与测绘程序设计”课程为例,探讨了新时代背景下课程教学改革的具体措施,重点讨论了教学内容的调整与教学方法的变革两个方面,在此基础上,对多媒体课件研制过程中面临的问题及解决措施进行了分析;最后立足于课程教学改革的现有成果,对课程建设与改革的下一步工作进行了展望。

测绘工程专业《C#程序设计》教学创新研究

测绘工程专业《C#程序设计》存在教学死板、讲多练少、讨论缺失等教学问题,同时也存在学习内容针对性不强的问题,需要进行课程教学改革。为了加强课程实践和提高学生自主学习能力,基于BOPPPS模式实施了课程教学改革,从课程导入、学习目标、预评估、参与式学习、后评估和总结六方面进行教学设计,尤其是在参与式学习中设计出PBL、SPOC和翻转课堂三种方式。教学证明该教学法有效改善学生学习状态,培育学生自主学习能力,提升课程教学达成度,对于实践要求较高的课程可尝试推广。

探究导向的化工原理实验教学设计与实践

以填料塔流体力学性能与氧解吸传质系数测定实验为例,介绍了教学实验的创新设计思路和教学效果。基于实验过程中涉及的实际工程问题,辅以实验讲义、导学案、线上视频和知识图谱等教学资源,引导学生围绕实验细节开展深入的研究和讨论,有效提高了课程的高阶性、创新性和挑战度。在化工原理实验教学中引入研究导向模式,提高了学生自主设计实验方案和撰写规范实验报告等综合实践能力,培养了学生的创新思维和工程伦理素养。

北斗导航与定位虚拟仿真教学探索与实现

针对北斗导航与定位教学过程中存在相关知识点抽象而难以理解及理论与实践脱节的问题,本文以提高教育教学质量和学生综合素质能力为目标,以学生为中心,遵循从理论学习到实践应用的规律,借助虚拟现实技术构建了一种“认知-探究-应用”于一体的全过程、系统化、递进式的北斗导航与定位虚拟仿真教学方法。该教学方法涵盖北斗导航系统原理、系统组成、导航定位、测距误差与消除,以及RTK高精度数字测图与应用等一系列教学内容。该教学方法可虚拟国家北斗重器,培养学生家国情怀,打破时间空间限制,激发学生创新能力,促进理论实践融合,提高教育教学质量,对于培养熟练掌握北斗导航定位知识并具备相关实践技能的测绘工程专业人才是非常必要的。

“信号与系统”课程分级式案例教学模式

为了充分践行新工科教育教学理念,电气类专业课“信号与系统”课程建设需要从课程内部知识点间的强关联性出发,并与工程实践配合。针对该问题,对基于知识图谱与分级式复杂工程案例的“信号与系统”课程教学模式进行了研究,并开发同步大作业案例平台,将“信号与系统”课程中知识点谱系、教学案例、教学平台与工程问题深度融合。通过教学实践表明,该教学模式可以提高学生的高阶思维和创新思维能力,并为课程建设提供有力支撑。

地方应用型本科院校测绘工程专业转型发展路径探索

地方应用型本科院校测绘工程专业在当前社会经济发展中面临着许多问题,以赣东学院省级一流本科专业(测绘工程专业)建设为背景,从学科专业转型、教师转型、教学转型、改革教师教学评价机制、促进三大融合等方面开展研究,建立以服务为导向的学科专业动态优化调整机制,加快测绘工程专业向应用型专业转变,向产教融合型专业转变,转变教学方法,改革课程教学内容,加强应用型高校师资建设。切实提升测绘工程专业适应社会需求的能力,增强测绘工程专业的发展动能,推动学校快速转型、高质量发展,以期为赣东学院其他专业转型发展或其他应用型本科院校专业转型发展提供理论素材。

普通高校测绘工程专业程序设计类课程的教学设计

当前,高校测绘工程专业大多开设了程序设计类课程,意在培养学生利用编程的方式实现测绘数据自动化处理的能力。然而,现有的教学方法与教学模式侧重于理论知识的讲解,较少注重对学生编程兴趣的激发,致使大部分学生对该类课程的重要性认识不足、对课程的重视程度不够。基于此,该文以“数据结构与测绘软件开发”课程为例,基于教学目标,在对教学内容进行深入剖析的基础上,以“教”的方法作为基本的切入点,分别从问题的导入、知识点讲解与课堂总结这3个方面对教学思路进行了相应的设计,旨在探讨如何有效地激发并培养学生的程序设计兴趣,提高学生的课堂学习质量,进而让学生更加有效地学习并利用编程的方式来实现测绘数据的自动化处理。

基于“国家一流专业”建设的课程体系优化--以黑龙江工程学院测绘工程专业为例

以黑龙江工程学院测绘工程专业2021版培养方案修订为例,对照国家一流专业建设的要求,对一流本科专业建设背景下测绘工程专业人才培养目标进行了厘清和定位。确定以社会需求为导向的人才培养目标,按照“厚基础、宽口径、重交叉、强创新、亮特色”的培养路径,重新构筑知识体系,优化课程体系,对人才培养模式进行创新,对课程体系进行优化,并给出教学改革建议。为培养“高品质、国际化、创新型”高级测绘工程专业人才奠定坚实基础。

新工科背景下思维导图在教学过程中的设计方式与教学效果分析

该文针对新工科时代背景下要求大学生要具备跨专业思考、多学科融合、综合运用各专业知识解决问题的能力,提出“思维导图导引教学+思维导图课后作业建立知识体系”的教学方式。该文首先论述思维导图引入课堂授课的可行性。然后,论述“思维导图导引教学+思维导图课后作业建立知识体系”的教学方式的详细内涵。最后,作者选取2019级、2020级电路与电子技术授课本科生(观察组:引入思维导图;对照组:传统教学模式)为研究对象。数据结果表明,利用思维导图对专业知识的整理学习,对学生在知识体系架构构建、知识点串联、多知识点综合应用、问题现象主观分析等方面有较大的帮助,不仅对学生在本门课程的学习过程起到助力作用,还对课程学习内容在日后的后续课程学习、研究生课题研究过程奠定基础。

“双创”背景下测绘工程专业GIS课程教学改革研究

在创新创业教育与大学专业教学融合发展的背景下,该文对测绘工程专业GIS课程教学改革进行探索。通过分析目前GIS课程教学现状,对“双创”背景下GIS课程教学内容和教学模式进行改革,以GIS基础理论为依托,以生产应用为目标,以行业发展需求为导向,形成了理论、技术、实践相结合的模块化教学体系。同时对教学方法进行了改革,通过大视角和重实践的教学模式,提高学生分析问题、解决问题的综合能力。

国产遥感软件赋能测绘工程专业课程教学改革研究

针对测绘工程专业课程教学中对地观测技术及国产遥感软件系统化应用与实践不足的问题,依托国产对地观测数据和国产遥感软件,从教学改革的必要性出发,提出建设实践教学案例库,打造线上线下混合式教学模式,促使测绘工程专业教学中测绘新技术与国产遥感软件得到更广泛的应用,从而为遥感与地理信息产品全面国产化替代培养高层次储备人才。

桥梁概念设计与美学课程思政建设探索与实践

课程思政教育理念为新时代高校人才培养指明方向,是推动教学改革、提升育人质量的有效途径。专业课程作为高校课程思政建设的基本载体,应当在进行知识传授和能力培养的同时,潜移默化地实现价值引领的重要作用。该文以桥梁概念设计与美学课程为例,探索土木工程专业课程的思政建设方法。针对课程各章节的教学内容设计思政目标,优化思政映射方式,达到润物无声的效果,可为高校理工科专业课程的思政建设提供参考。

雨课堂结合思维导图在化工原理课程教学的探索

为适应且满足“互联网+”背景下工程型人才培养的需要,更好地改善制药工程专业核心专业课的教学效果,作者将雨课堂与思维导图的联合教学模式应用于化工原理课程教学的改革探索,通过研究该教学模式对学生学习兴趣、自主学习能力与学习效果的影响,评价教学质量,以期为持续改善教学模式、推进教学改革、提升制药类课程教学质量提供参考。