A Few Important and Original Aspects of Carlo Cattaneo’s Philosophical-Linguistic Ideas

The essay has two main purposes.The first is a general reconstruction of Cattaneo’s linguistic thought,highlighting the most important aspects of both his reflections on the connection between language and the community of speakers,and his study of the functions and properties of language.The latter includes an analysis of the influence Cattaneo’s philosophy had on the sphere of Italian linguistics at the turn of the 20th century.

The Essence of Sport and Tourism-Commonplace and Philosophical Interpretation

The paper is aimed at presentation of the two basic ways of human cognition,which have been used for ages to get to the essence of the human phenomenon of sport and tourism.The first of them is connected mainly with the commonplace standpoint on sport,which is considerably more popular and known by modern people than the second-the philosophical one.The latter is usually used as a point of departure for objective,methodical,and purposeful attempts at getting to the very essence of sport through systematic research,various ideological disputes,various publications,etc.Hence the basic aim of the paper is an attempt at answering the question:which of the abovementioned ways-if any-leads to the final explanation of the essence of sport and tourism?It requires however further philosophical research,further comparative studies,detailed systematic analyses,etc.,and the presented paper is only an initial contribution to them.

Muslim Confucian Philosophy:Islamic-Confucian Dialogue and the Integration of Civilizations

At the end of the Ming Dynasty and at the beginning of the Qing Dynasty,a new theory of learning was created-Muslim Confucian Study(Chinese Islamic Philosophy)-on the basis of Islamic philosophy and under the influence of Confucianism.Wang Daiyu(1570-1660)and Liu Zhi(1660-1739)were two great Huiru(Muslim Confucian)scholars at that time.They published Zhengjiao zhenquan(The real commentary on the tire teaching),Tianfang xingli(Nature and principle in Islam)major books.Their approach is distinguished from that of other Muslim scholars in that they addressed the basic articles of Islamic thought with Confucian terminology and categories.The study deals with the Islamic worldview,and with the practices that make it possible for people to bring themselves into conformity with that worldview.However,the teaching of the Muslim Confucian was continuous with those of Mainstream Islam.In my research,I attempted to answer two questions:(a)How did Muslim Confucian Study Inherit the Mainstream Islamic Thought?(b)What is the value and contribution of the World Islamic philology and civilization?

Reflections on the Three Controversies in Economic Methodology by Virtue of the Philosophy of Science

The philosophical foundation of the mainstream neoclassical economics is empirical philosophy.The controversies of economic methodology over inductive and deductive methods,over verificationistic and falsificationistic approaches,and over positive and normative analyses in the evolution of economics are associated with those in the philosophy of science.The evolution of philosophy of science suggests that the above-mentioned pairs of economic methodologies should be appropriately combined when used in economics.It is not sensible to overemphasize either one inside each pair of economic methodologies.

Embodiment of Rationality:Philosophical Interpretation of Embodied Cognition

Under the influence of European rationalism,which holds that human rationality is higher than,or at least independent of human sensory cognition,the first generation of cognitive science advocates for disembodied cognition,manifesting the concept of dualism of mind and body.With the development of cognitive science in the 1980s,the second generation of cognitive science redefines the relationship between mind and body,thought and behavior,and reason and feeling and puts forward the concept of embodied cognition,representing monism of mind and body.It is claimed that the formation of concepts,categorical cognition and the evolution of rational thinking are characterized by embodiment,which is the necessary condition and basis for the formation of human rationality.The current study traces the shift of cognitive science from dualism to monism of mind and body and explores the relationship between rationality and sensibility from the perspective of philosophical basis and interpretations,with an aim to achieve a better understanding and thorough interpretation of human rationality.In this heated discussion about embodied cognition,there are still some fundamental questions that need to be further clarified,such as the essence and mechanism of human cognition,the ways that human body participates in cognitive activities,especially imagination and reasoning.The research paradigm of embodied cognition and its relevant theory have not been established and developed yet,and empirical research from interdisciplinary perspectives is far from enough to provide hard evidence for embodied cognition.

Reiki as a Communication Process:Between Philosophic Concepts and Experimental Application

The main purpose of this paper is to analyze and provide reliable solutions to the Reiki application technique,starting from the fundamental principles expressed by the Reiki origin philosophy,which are proved to be in accordance with the Informational Model of Human and Living Structures(IMHLS).This model reveals the following main fundamental features of the living organisms:(i)On the entire scale of evolution and organization,from the eukaryotic cell-the composing unit of human,plants,animals to human,the living organisms show a similar informational structure,defined as Informational System of Human and Living Structure(ISHLS);(ii)this informational system is organized in seven informational components,three of them assuring the structuration/restructuration/reproduction and maintenance of the body itself,and the other four the connection with external/inner reality for adaptation;(iii)the neuro-connections between brain and body of the informational components of the ISHLS correspond with the activity of“Chakras”of the ancient empirical model as vital centers of human;(iv)the activity of the ISHLS is reflected in mind by cognitive centers,explaining consciousness.The comparison between the informational results of the IMHLS,with the philosophic Reiki origin concepts,sustains the application of Reiki technique,but improves its understanding and right application by using new,modern concepts developed by the informational model,in accordance not only with their ancient,empirical expression,but much more than that,with actual scientific knowledge on this issue nowadays,concerning information and info-transferring/communication stream in the living bodies.The successful application and effective results of this new version allow to consider this as Ro-Reiki version,just to recognize the essential Romanian contribution to this improvement,concerning the implication and effectiveness of information and the info-communication mechanisms into the human and living organisms,explained in scientific terms of information and psycho-somatic therapy effects.

新发展理念助力新质生产力加快形成:理论逻辑与实现路径

“新质生产力”的提出作为马克思主义中国化的新发展具有重要理论意义和现实意义。新质生产力的提出绝不是对马克思主义历史唯物论生产力概念的否定,而是新时代对生产力概念守正创新的重要发展。在加快形成新质生产力的过程中要坚定不移贯彻新发展理念,将创新理念作为加快形成新质生产力的第一动力,将协调发展理念作为加快形成新质生产力的内在要求,将绿色发展理念作为加快形成新质生产力的重要方向,将开放发展理念作为加快形成新质生产力的有效途径,将共享发展理念作为加快形成新质生产力的本质要求。新时代应坚定地以新发展理念推动新质生产力加快形成,为我国经济高质量发展赋予新动能。

习近平关于对党忠诚重要论述的哲学基础

对党忠诚是党的政治建设的根本和核心,一个重要原因是因为对党忠诚本身蕴涵着马克思主义哲学的因子。从历史哲学基础看,习近平坚持马克思主义唯物史观,不断深化对共产党执政规律、社会主义建设规律和人类社会发展规律的认识和运用,对党忠诚保证全党站在历史正确一边并掌握历史主动。从实践哲学基础看,习近平坚持马克思主义实践观,强调“知行合一”,而对党忠诚也要求发于内而形于外,并最终在实践中接受检验。从价值哲学基础看,习近平坚持人民价值主体论,而对党忠诚本质上就是忠于人民、不负人民。从哲学维度考察习近平关于对党忠诚重要论述所蕴含的哲理学理,显然具有世界观、方法论意义。

中华民族现代文明的“哲学自我”——马克思主义哲学与中国哲学会通的思维方式与思想追求

中华民族现代文明理念表征的是中国人对其生命体验的自我理解,塑造中华民族现代文明的“哲学自我”有赖于马克思主义哲学与中国哲学的会通。塑造“哲学自我”与实现“马中会通”,二者是一致的:一方面,当代中华民族在思想与实践上创造性地理解、运用与实现自己的文明理念,需要在现实性、实践性、哲学性以及历史时代性等方面探索马克思主义哲学与中国哲学的会通;另一方面,理解和把握中华民族现代文明的“哲学自我”,需要超越用西方哲学的模式解释中国哲学的哲学观,消解直观性、外在性、机械性的思维方式,以各自保有其个性特质的马克思主义哲学与中国哲学为基础,实现二者的真正会通。实现“马中会通”,需要真实地把握其思想实质、现实基础与哲学使命,阐明相关哲学观及其变革,揭示二者的内在契合性,澄明会通的连续性与时代超越性。只有在“马中会通”的基础上,才能憧憬当代中华民族走向未来的文明境界与塑造新的“哲学自我”。

终身学习数字化转型的哲学观与创新方向

教育数字化转型是教育领域的一场系统性、根本性变革,这是教育适应数字时代发展的必然要求,也是建设服务全面终身学习教育体系的重要途径。教育数字化转型涉及教育全要素、全流程、全领域的创新与变革过程。在新的发展阶段,面向学习型社会建设,终身学习领域要深刻理解教育数字化转型阶段终身学习信息化的方向,关注教育哲学思想的发展,持续推进体制机制改革;树立全新的教育哲学观,即联通主义学习观、回归论知识观和教育的复杂系统观。在新哲学观指导下,通过互联网、人工智能技术等新兴技术的加持,可以从四个方向创新推进终身学习数字化转型:建设互联互通的网络学习空间,整合全社会资源满足多样化学习需要,探索新型教育服务供给模式,建立健全终身学习立交桥制度。

计算哲学的反思与展望

近年来,在机器学习和数据技术的强力推进下,计算哲学正在蓬勃地发展,它是运用计算的思想、方法和工具研究哲学问题的新进路,而不是一个哲学的新分支或新学科。就基本目标而言,计算哲学与分析哲学之间并没有实质性的不同,但在背景知识、面向问题和研究方法上存在不少重要的差别。因此,前者应该被看作当代分析哲学发展的新阶段或新拓展。随着人工智能的突破性发展,在不久的将来,很可能出现一个人工智能驱动的哲学研究新方向,这预示着一个哲学的计算时代的到来。

系统的情报观到系统的安全观:兵家情报思想探赜

[研究目的]中国传统情报思想已经受到广泛关注,但传统的情报思想究竟折射出何种情报观,并且其背后蕴含何种国家安全意蕴,还需要系统梳理。全景把握古代情报思想,能够为推进新时代国家安全建设提供启示。[研究方法]以中国古代兵家为研究对象,选取《孙子兵法》《六韬》《吴子》三个代表性的兵家著作为具体分析文本,系统提炼兵家的情报观,并从“情报—反情报”“情报—决策—安全”两个维度剖析古代情报观及其背后蕴含的安全观。[研究结论]兵家的情报思想体现出一种从宏观到微观的情报工作体系,包含了“情报工作周期”的各个要素,并构建了情报与安全之间相关关系。总体来看,中国古代情报史仍具有良好的现代价值,在提升国家安全工作效能方面具有重要借鉴作用。

实践性音乐教育哲学视域下高校音乐教育专业技能课程的改革——基于《管弦乐(小提琴)》课程视角

以戴维·埃里奥特的“实践性音乐教育哲学”为理论基础,以教育部课程教学指导纲要中《外国乐器》课程目标为理论依据,在充分调研、分析我国管弦乐(小提琴)教学现状的基础上,从实践性音乐教育哲学关于“技能化”“实践化”“多元化”理念主张入手,提出课程结构内容、教学方式、课程形式、专业特色、评价体系等方面有关高校音乐教育专业技能课程——《管弦乐(小提琴)》教学的改革新思路,努力探寻、开发符合新时代要求的管弦乐教学范式。

传统文化元素在皮革产品设计中的应用研究

当下,国人消费理念已经从物质层面追求上升到精神文化层面。将中国传统元素与时尚潮流相结合以表达情感个性和文化意蕴,是契合国人消费理念的时尚潮流。采用中华传统文化元素赋能皮革产品设计历来有之。面对当下新国潮现象催生的消费新主张,皮革产品设计有必要因时而变。通过挖掘高适配度文化元素,打造独特品牌IP,厚植特色传统文化元素,拓展多元品类,同时深耕文化元素承载的故事,进行国潮营销等举措创新皮革产品的设计,使皮革产品设计的社会层价值和文化层价值得到增强。

吴俊升与中国近代德育学的早期形塑

中国近代德育学的发展在“旧学新知”和“西学东渐”的双重驱动下,从传统学术逐渐向现代学术转变。作为近代德育学术史上的“预流”人物,吴俊升是较早追求中国德育学学科化、学术化、本土化之典型代表。其《教育哲学大纲》《德育原理》等教育哲学和德育学著作,权威性解读了杜威道德哲学思想,洞见式剖析了当时中国德育存在的问题,系统梳理了德育基本理论。吴俊升对探赜近代中国德育学学科、学术话语体系做出了重要贡献,可称得上近代德育学科独立形态的探索者、德育学术研究的引领者、德育话语系统的改造者。

中国哲学与西方哲学互为“他者”:以葛瑞汉等人的研究为中心

以西方哲学看中国哲学,这是很多研究者都做过的工作;而以中国哲学看西方哲学,这种工作做得相对少些。两种哲学互看对方而开展对话、交流,可使双方都有触动。英国著名汉学家、哲学家葛瑞汉经常做此“互看对方”的工作,成就斐然。由葛瑞汉的研究可知,一方面,作为西方哲学的“他者”,中国哲学成为解决西方哲学一些难题的重要资源;另一方面,葛瑞汉又用作为中国哲学“他者”的西方哲学,来阐释中国哲学中的关联思维及庄子哲学、墨子哲学等。在中国哲学与西方哲学互视对方为“他者”的过程中,各自的特色可以更好地呈现出来,这一过程也显示了双方的平等关系。

从整体主义哲学看中国古代哲学超越性概念与范畴的翻译

中国古代哲学超越性概念与范畴的翻译问题,关系到中国哲学在世界哲学之林如何自我定位以及与世界哲学如何对话。对中国古代哲学是否存在超越性概念与范畴以及如何翻译这一问题,文化上的排外论、兼容论和多元论有不同的回答和主张。多元论中的普遍主义强调文化共同性,特殊主义则强调个体的独特性。立足普遍性可以发现各种文化之间的联系,但不是为了寻求一种把独特性沦为背景的世界语言;立足特殊性能够尊重各种文化的独特性,但是不能由此认为它们必然彼此互不相干。标举中国哲学独特性的特殊论者,倾向于放弃西方哲学传统中被认为具有高度超越意义的概念和范畴。整体主义是普遍性与特殊性的统一,整体主义哲学翻译观认为,中西哲学传统中有着一些共通的问题意识和思维范畴。中国哲学中的超越性范畴是确然存在的,诸如“天”“道”“自然”等普遍的人类经验和问题范畴,大可以寻找最相似的译名,这是“同”;而对这些范畴提供具体的解释和论述,就是在提供中国哲学对这些普遍问题的独特回应。哲学概念和范畴翻译中体现的这种“同-异”张力,尊重了中国哲学对共同问题的特有回应这一事实。这种名同实异、异趣同调的翻译主张能帮助中国哲学实现与世界哲学真正平等的对话与交流,为人类整体智慧的提升做出贡献。

魏校《大学》诠释的学术取向及其意义

魏校是明代中期与阳明并肩齐名的学者,然以往那种以阳明为中心来审视整个明代理学的研究,不仅遮蔽了魏校的学术贡献,也掩盖了明代理学的多元面向。魏校依循朱子、阳明由《大学》而入建构学术体系的路径,精心结撰《大学指归》,首先以还原古文字的形式来试图恢复更“古”的古本《大学》,尔后通过对《大学》义理骨架“三纲、八目”的新诠来构建新的学术体系,显豁出“谴取朱、王,自立新说”的学术特质,成为明代中期“介于朱、王二本之间”的典范学者。魏校此举表征出,明代中期的学术绝非只是已有的研究所表明的那样非朱即王。相反,谴取、突破朱、王藩篱,早在阳明在世时就已有端倪,这就为我们理解和把握明代中期学术的多元面向提供一个典范的参照物。

数字化时代高校就业指导服务模式的新路径探索

随着云计算和数字化技术的飞速发展,高校就业指导工作的工作理念也在不断创新,面对与日俱增的大学毕业生数量,高校亟需探索利用新媒体和数字化技术开展新型就业指导模式,以提供更加便捷的就业指导服务。基于此,通过调查问卷和走访相关单位的方式,总结当前高校就业指导服务存在的主要问题,分析数字化对毕业生就业指导工作开展的主要优势,深入探讨数字化就业指导平台数据分析的主要内容,从加强就业课程体系建设、明确就业指导服务目标、扩充就业指导师资队伍,以及推进就业服务客户端建设和数字化就业指导平台的优化设计几个方面,提出改进数字化毕业生就业指导工作的新措施,着重提出利用大数据分析技术来掌控就业市场的趋势和需求,为毕业生提供个性化的就业建议;同时,探索利用数字化平台加强毕业生与用人单位之间的联系,促进信息交流、招聘活动的新路径。从而得出以下启示:高校的就业指导部门应高度重视数字化应用平台建设,大力提升就业指导服务的质量和效果,更好地帮助学生成功就业,为国家输送更多更好的创新型人才。