Remote Sensing Technology and Applications for Earthquake Disasters

Disaster warning,disaster estimation and relief depend more and more on the application of space remote sensing technologies,such as those used for optic-camera,hyperspectrum,infrared,SAR,seismo-electromagnet and gravitation measurement.On May 12,2008,a magnitude of 8.

United Nations International Conference on Space-based Technologies for Disaster Management Held in Beijing

The United Nations International Conference on Space-based Technologies for Disaster Management, "Risk Assessment in the Context of Global Climate Change", was held in Beijing during November 7-9, 2012. The conference was co-organized by the United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs (UNOOSA) and the Ministry of Civil affairs (MCA) of the People's Republic of China, in collaboration with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of PRC, China National Space Administration (CNSA),

Disaster Risk Science:A Geographical Perspective and a Research Framework

In this article,we recall the United Nations’30-year journey in disaster risk reduction strategy and framework,review the latest progress and key scientific and technological questions related to the United Nations disaster risk reduction initiatives,and summarize the framework and contents of disaster risk science research.The object of disaster risk science research is the"disaster system"consisting of hazard,the geographical environment,and exposed units,with features of regionality,interconnectedness,coupling,and complexity.Environmental stability,hazard threat,and socioeconomic vulnerability together determine the way that disasters are formed,establish the spatial extent of disaster impact,and generate the scale of losses.In the formation of a disaster,a conducive environment is the prerequisite,a hazard is the necessary condition,and socioeconomic exposure is the sufficient condition.The geographical environment affects local hazard intensity and therefore can change the pattern of loss distribution.Regional multi-hazard,disaster chain,and disaster compound could induce complex impacts,amplifying or attenuating hazard intensity and changing the scope of affected areas.In the light of research progress,particularly in the context of China,we propose a threelayer disaster risk science disciplinary structure,which contains three pillars(disaster science,disaster technology,and disaster governance),nine core areas,and 27 research fields.Based on these elements,we discuss the frontiers in disaster risk science research.

Thirty Years of Science,Technology,and Academia in Disaster Risk Reduction and Emerging Responsibilities

The 1990 initiation of the International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction marked its 30th year in 2019.The three decades since then have seen significant developments in science and technology and their incorporation into the decision making in the field of disaster risk reduction.The disasters that have occurred during that time have enhanced the importance of the field,and new research and innovations have evolved.This article summarizes this evolution through the review of specific milestones.While the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 provides opportunities for synergies with the sustainable development agenda,the science and technology communities have also changed their roles from advisory to co-designing and co-delivering solutions.Higher education plays an important role in developing new generations of professionals,and the role of thematic incubation in higher education institutions is highlighted along with the development of the professional society in disaster risk reduction.The evolution from Society 4.0(information age)to Society 5.0 will see an enhanced role of the technology-driven approach in disaster risk reduction,while traditional knowledge and indigenous technologies still remain valid for society.Scientists and science communities need to be more sensitive to changing the“last mile”concept to“first mile”thinking with respect to the users’needs and perspectives.

Global Community of Disaster Risk Reduction Scientists and Decision Makers Endorse a Science and Technology Partnership to Support the Implementation of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030

At the first gathering of its kind on the role of science in implementing the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030,over 750 scientists,policymakers,business people,and practitioners met in Geneva from January 27–29,2016.The UNISDR Science and Technology Conference on the Implementation of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 fea-