The Intrinsic Traction Force in the Technological Development

There is an intrinsic traction force in the technological development which has various manifestations. It is from nonlinear interaction that occurs among the essential elements of technology and among the relevant technology. It is not the only decisive factor but to interweave with other tensions in the development of technology.

Primary biliary cirrhosis degree assessment by acoustic radiation force impulse imaging and hepatic fibrosis indicators

AIM: To evaluate the assessment of primary biliary cirrhosis degree by acoustic radiation force impulse imaging (ARFI) and hepatic fibrosis indicators. METHODS: One hundred and twenty patients who developed liver cirrhosis secondary to primary biliary cirrhosis were selected as the observation group, with the degree of patient liver cirrhosis graded by Child-Pugh (CP) score. Sixty healthy individuals were selected as the control group. The four indicators of hepatic fibrosis were detected in all research objects, including hyaluronic acid (HA), laminin (LN), type III collagen (PC III), and type IV collagen (IV-C). The liver parenchyma hardness value (LS) was then measured by ARFI technique. LS and the four indicators of liver fibrosis (HA, LN, PC III, and IV-C) were observed in different grade CP scores. The diagnostic value of LS and the four indicators of liver fibrosis in determining liver cirrhosis degree with PBC, whether used alone or in combination, were analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. RESULTS: LS and the four indicators of liver fibrosis within the three classes (A, B, and C) of CP scores in the observation group were higher than in the control group, with C class > B class > A class; the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.01). Although AUC values of LS within the three classes of CP scores were higher than in the four indicators of liver fibrosis, sensitivity and specificity were unstable. The ROC curves of LS combined with the four indicators of liver fibrosis revealed that: AUC and sensitivity in all indicators combined in the A class of CP score were higher than in LS alone, albeit with slightly decreased specificity; AUC and specificity in all indicators combined in the B class of CP score were higher than in LS alone, with unchanged sensitivity; AUC values (0.967), sensitivity (97.4%), and specificity (90%) of all indicators combined in the C class of CP score were higher than in LS alone (0.936, 92.1%, 83.3%). CONCLUSION: The diagnostic value of PBC cirrhosis degree in liver cirrhosis degree assessment by ARFI combined with the four indicators of serum liver fibrosis is of satisfactory effectiveness and has important clinical application value.

A virtual 3D interactive painting method for Chinese calligraphy and painting based on real-time force feedback technology

A novel 3D interactive painting method for Chinese calligraphy and painting based on force feedback technology is proposed. The relationship between the force exerted on the brush and the resulting brush deformation is analyzed and a spring-mass model is used to build a model of the 3D Chinese brush. The 2D brush footprint between the brush and the plane of the paper or object is calculated according to the deformation of the 3D brush when force is exerted on the 3D brush. Then the 3D brush footprint is obtained by projecting the 2D brush footprint onto the surface of the 3D object in real time, and a complete 3D brushstroke is obtained by superimposing 3D brush footprints along the painting direction. The proposed method has been suc- cessfully applied in a virtual 3D interactive drawing system based on force feedback technology. In this system, users can paint 3D brushstrokes in real time with a Phantom Desktop haptic device, which can effectively serve as a virtual reality interface to the simulated painting environment for users.

Role of jet force technology in wound management

Aim:The aim was to study the role of jet force technology(JFT)in wound management.Methods:This is a retrospective analysis of 18 cases of chronic nonhealing wounds in which JFT was used.Chronic wounds which had already undergone surgical debridement but which were not ready for reconstruction(skin graft/flap)secondary to a persistent bacterial load or infection(tissue culture positive)were included in the study.Patients were divided into two groups.Group 1 included those patients who were poor candidates for anesthesia or who refused for reconstruction and were managed with JFT only.Group 2 included those patients who were cleared for anesthesia and who were and who were managed with JFT and skin graft or flap coverage.The time to negative wound cultures after JFT and the total duration of healing were noted.Results:In both the groups,all tissue culture positive chronic wounds became negative after 2±1 weeks and were ready for reconstruction.In Group 1(6 patients),the wounds completely healed in 5-6 weeks with JFT only.In Group 2(12 patients),the wounds completely healed in 3-4 weeks with JFT and skin graft/flap.Conclusion:Hydrotherapy with JFT helps in the removal of contaminants,debris,and microbial colonization of the wound leading to spontaneous wound healing and facilitating wound bed preparation for wound coverage by a skin graft or flap.

Selection of a Model for Civil Law Protection of Personal Information

Despite its safety and convenience,modern technology has turned out to be an alienating force independent of humankind.The relationship between modern technology and human development furnishes the macro-background for the discussion of personal information protection issues.Chinese law should respond actively to avoid being reduced to a"morass of rules"in the global context.China’s legislation on personal information protection emphasizes public law at the expense of private law;it lacks the rule based support of basic civil law.Within the legal system,civil law is an important means and basic norm for protecting the agency of human beings,as it can provide systemic support for the protection of personal information.Formulation of the corresponding legislation should establish the independent control of personal information by the subject of the information,and should reinforce the position of the weaker side in the interest relationship.With regard to selecting of a model of civil law protection of personal information,the models of indirect protection and legal interest protection both have flaws;the rights protection model is better suited to China’s legislative and judicial realities.The right to personal information can be embedded in the existing normative system of personality rights to ensure the internal compatibility of the legal system.The rights protection model should be adopted in the personality right section of the Civil Code.