Research Progress on Heavy Metals Detoxification in Human Body

With the pollution of heavy metals becoming more and more serious, hu- man health suffers from great harms, making the detoxification in human body admit of no delay. This paper summarized the heavy metals used for detoxification in hu- man body in recent years, including metallothionein, polyphenols, dietary fibers from seaweed, GTS, and explored the detoxification mechanism of these heavy metals in human body.

Metal ion–binding properties of the L-aspartic acid and tartaric acid, a coparative investigation. How can be increased the dosage of mineral absorption in the body

A comparative research has been developed for acidity and stability constants of M(TTA)1 and M(Asp)2 complexes which have been determined by potentiometric pH titration. Depending on metal ion–binding properties, vital differences in building complex were observed. The present study shows that in M(TTA) complexes, metal ions are coordinated to the carboxyl groups, but in M(Asp) some metal ions are able to build macrochelate over amine group. Hence, the following intermolecular and as a result independent concentration equilibrium between an open–isomer M(Asp)op and a closed–isomer M(Asp)cl, has to be considered cl op. The amounts are reported. The results mentioned above demonstrate that for some M(Asp) complexes the stability constants is also largely determined by the affinity of metal ions for amine group. This leads to a kind of selectivity of metal ions and transfer them via building complexes with the aspartate. The result of this effect is a higher dosage-absorption of minerals in body. Based on the sort of metal ions, the drug-therapy can be different. For heavy metal ions this building complex helps the absorption and filtration of the blood plasma, and consequently the excursion of heavy metal ions takes place. This is an important method in microdialysis. Other metal ions such as the complexes can be considered as mineral carriers. These complexes in certain conditions (PH–range) can release the minerals in body.

Distributive Characteristics of Metallic Nano-particles in China's Urban Water Bodies and their Ecological Risks

Engineering nano-materials & their impact on human health or environmental security constitute a newly emerging R&D hot spot and a key problem now urgently waiting for its solution in supporting the sustainability of China's nano-science and related technology development. At present, water bodies in Chinese cities have been seriously polluted by metallic nano-particles (MNPs) while related monitoring data are found woefully lacking throughout the country. Based on the above understanding, this article gives a round-up explanation on distributive characteristics of MNPs in the river mouths or water bodies of Chinese cities, their ecological hazards as well as our research in this regard, providing some inspiring ideas and data for control over this scourge. In addition, our exploration probes the discharge traits of MNPs themselves and the mechanism underlying its impact on water pollution.

Mechanism of combination membrane and electro-winning process on treatment and remediation of Cu^(2+) polluted water body

Mechanism of treatment and remediation of synthetic Cu^2＋ polluted water body by membrane and electro-winning combination process was investigated.The influences of electrolysis voltage,pH,and electrolysis time on the metal recovery effciencies were studied.Relationship between trans-membrane pressure drop（△P）,additions ratio,initial Cu^2＋ concentration on operating effciency,stability of membrane and the possibility of water reuse were also investigated.The morphology of membrane and electrodes were observed using scanning electron microscopy（SEM）,the composition of surface deposits was ascertained using combined energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy（EDX） and atomic absorption spectrophotometer.The results showed that using low pressure reverse osmosis（LPRO）,Cu^2＋ concentration could increase from 20 to 100 mg/L or even higher in concentrated solutions and permeate water conductivity could be less than 20 μS/cm.The addition of sodium dodecy/sulfate sodium dodecyl sulfate improved Cu^2＋ removal effciency,while EDTA had little side influence.In electro-reduction process,using plante electrode cell,Cu^2＋ concentration could be further reduced to 5 mg/L,and the average current effciency ranged from 9% to 40%.Using 3D electrolysis treatment,Cu^2＋ concentration could be reduced to 0.5 mg/L with a current effciency range 60%-70%.

Purification and Refolding of a Novel β-Agarase from Inclusion Body of E. coli

β-agarase AgaB appears to represent a new family of glycoside hydrolase; it is structurally and functionally different from other known agarases. In the present study, AgaB was expressed with a temperature-inducible expression system in E. coli BL21 (DE3) as a fusion protein bearing a C-terminal hexahistidine tag. The protein existed mainly in the form of inclusion body. After being washed and solubilized, AgaB in inclusion body was denatured and purified to electrophoretic purity by immobilized metal affinity chromatography. The purified AgaB was then refolded using a simple pulse dilution method, and the refolded AgaB showed a high specific hydrolysis activity of about 1600 units /mg protein. Forty milligrams of refolded pure protein were obtained from 1L of culture.

Formation and evolution properties of clusters in liquid metal copper during rapid cooling processes

Based on the quantum Sutton-Chen many-body potential,a molecular dynamics simulation was performed to investigate the formation and evolution properties of clusters in liquid Cu with 50 000 atoms.The cluster-type index method(CTIM)was used to describe the complex microstructure transitions.It is demonstrated that the amorphous structures are mainly formed with the three bond-types of 1551,1541 and 1431 in the system,and the icosahedral cluster(12 0 12 0)and other basic polyhedron clusters of(12 2 8 2),(13 1 10 2),(13 3 6 4),(14 1 10 3),(14 2 8 4)and(14 3 6 5)play a critical and leading role in the transition from liquid to glass.The nano-clusters formed in the system consist of some basic clusters and middle cluster configurations by connecting to each other,and distinguish from those obtained by gaseous deposition and ionic spray.From the results of structural parameter pair distribution function g(r),bond-types and basic cluster-types,it is found that the glass transition temperature Tg for liquid metal Cu is about 673 K at the cooling rate of 1.0×1014 K/s.

The Tissue Reactions and Changes of a Surface of Various Metal Implants after Their Introduction in a Bone Tissue in Experiment

Screw metal implants (3S, Israel) with rough or smooth polished surface were introduced in a tibial proximal condyle of not purebred rabbits. The condition of surrounding tissues in 2 and 6 months after implantation was compared by light microscopy and X-ray methods. Within 6 months after operation the considerable distinctions of radiological and morphological data were revealed not. 2 months later after introduction of implants with a rough surface the effort enclosed for its twisting is, much more, than for removal of the polished product. However, stability of fixing of implants was practically made even at 6 months. On remote rough implants there is a set of tissue scraps whereas on products with a smooth surface the tissue remains were much less. Surrounding tissues strongly join a rough surface, grow into cavities, and during removal of such products there is a considerable trauma of tissues round an implantation place. Smooth implants have the smaller area of contact with organism tissues, they are fixed due to bicortical implantation, during removal easily get out and don’t break off surrounding tissues. The signs of inflammation and formation of merged multinuclear macrophages were not found at all cases, which give evidence to the inertness of material of the mentioned articles for living organism. In some observations however and by implantation of the rough article and by introduction of polished implants, metal particles were found, but after use of the foreign body with grit-blasted treatment of surface metal was found more frequently, and its fragments had larger volume.

A case of tiny foreign body hidden in the neck for 27 years

Neck trauma has the characteristics of diversity,complexity,and danger.Mild injuries generally require debridement and suturing or symptomatic treatment.In severe cases,acute laryngeal obstruction,subcutaneous emphysema,severe deformation and collapse of laryngeal and tracheal cartilage,or damage to adjacent organs may occur.If not diagnosed in a timely manner or mishandled,it can endanger the patient’s life or leave sequelae.If foreign body residue is caused by head and neck trauma,a reasonable judgment should be made based on the patient’s condition and corresponding measures should be taken.Accurate localization of foreign bodies before and during surgery,as well as appropriate surgical methods,are key to ensuring successful treatment.This article reports a case of a small foreign body in the neck admitted to Xianning Central Hospital at the end of January 2023.

未发现眼内金属异物的外伤性白内障病例1例报告

外伤性白内障在临床中较常见,通常非金属异物进入眼内,患者无眼内反应,只表现为外伤性白内障,而金属异物进入眼内易引起并发症。异物进入眼内可通过眼科检查发现,或行白内障手术找到异物。然而,临床中极少部分患者会出现漏诊。本文报告1例眼内金属异物消失的外伤性白内障病例(有眼部外伤异物进入眼内病史以及体征,但术前、术中、术后均未发现异物),并分析金属异物消失的原因。

金属矿急倾斜矿体开采地表移动范围理论分析初探

为揭示金属矿急倾斜矿体开采地表移动规律,有效预测地表移动范围,以弓长岭铁矿急倾斜矿体开采上盘地表移动为例,考虑地形、废石回填、采深3个因素,建立了用于计算地表主应力分布与易开裂范围的力学模型。基于力学模型,将移动角与地表易开裂范围建立了力学联系,并对移动角进行了补充定义:由最深部开采层边缘向地表作直线,位移为0且使地表开裂范围最大的直线即为移动边界线,移动边界线与水平方向的夹角即为移动角。提出了借助力学模型计算移动角的试算法:预设不同的移动角,由力学模型计算得到的地表最大易开裂范围所对应的预设移动角即为真实移动角。在得到真实移动角后,由力学模型可确定地表易开裂范围与深度。同时,借助极限平衡原理将地表易开裂范围与块体滑移建立了力学联系,提出了地表潜在陷落范围的计算方法:对地表易开裂区内不同开裂点对应的潜在滑移块体列极限平衡方程,依次判别块体是否会发生剪切滑移,可确定地表潜在陷落范围。经计算,弓长岭铁矿下盘含铁带地下开采对上盘地表的移动角为60°,上盘地表具有初次滑移风险的位置距离初采位置的水平距离为130 m,潜在滑移角为55°。根据弓长岭铁矿露天与地下联合开采的现场经验,利用废石及时对地下采空区进行密实回填,并通过优化联合开采时空顺序与开采强度可有效控制地表移动,实现露天与地下安全联合开采。

海泡石在农产品及水体重金属污染修复中的研究进展

海泡石是一种吸附性很强的黏土矿物,在修复土壤、水体重金属污染中具有很强的优越性。本文介绍了海泡石修复机理及其改性方法,并综述性介绍了海泡石在降低农产品重金属(镉、汞、砷、铅、锌和铬等)含量和净化水体重金属污染方面的研究进展。与天然海泡石相比,改性海泡石及其复配具有针对性强、修复效果好和修复范围广等优点。

Experimental constraints on the formation of oxychlorine species by UV irradiation and mechanical pulverization on the lunar surface

Perchlorate and chlorate are present in various extraterrestrial celestial bodies throughout the solar system,such as Mars,the moon,and asteroids.To date,the origin mechanisms of perchlorate and chlorate on the Martian surface have been well-established;however,relatively little attention has been cast to airless bodies.Here,we experimentally investigated the potential oxidation mechanisms of chloride to chlorate and perchlorate,such as ultraviolet irradiation under H_(2)O-and O_(2)-free conditions and mechanical pulverization processes.Individual minerals,olivine,pyroxene,ilmenite,magnetite,TiO_(2)and anhydrous ferric sulfate,and lunar regolith simulants(low Ti,CLRS-1;high-Ti,CLRS-2)and their metallic iron(Fe^( 0))bearing counterparts were examined.We found that pulverization of dry matrix material-halite mixtures,even in the presence of O_(2),does not necessarily lead to perchlorate and chlorate formation without involving water.Under photocatalytic and H_(2)O and O_(2)-free conditions,olivine and pyroxene can produce oxychlorine(ClO_(x)^(−))species,although the yields were orders of magnitude lower than those under Martian-relevant conditions.Nanophase-Fe^(0)particles in the lunar regolith and the common photocatalyst TiO_(2)can facilitate the ClO_(x)^(−)formation,but their yields were lower than those with olivine.The oxides ilmenite and magnetite did not efficiently contribute to ClO_(x)^(−)production.Our results highlight the critical role of H_(2)O in the oxidation chloride to chlorate and perchlorate,and provide essential insights into the environmental influence on the formation of oxychlorine species on different celestial bodies.

地质矿产勘查中的综合地球化学分析技术

地球化学分析技术在有色金属矿产勘查中发挥核心作用,通过精准定位矿体及评估资源量,显著提高了勘探的经济效益与效率。分析了该技术在多种有色金属资源开发中的应用,涵盖采样、分析技术与数据处理等关键环节。文章强调现代仪器与技术在提升数据解释精度方面的贡献,支持矿业公司在复杂地质条件下做出精准的开采决策。此外,探讨了技术进步如何助力行业面对挑战,优化资源配置,并推动矿产资源的可持续开发。

基于制造工艺车身钣金异响分析及对策

本文通过对钣金异响发生机理进行说明,结合整车生产工艺以及实际的案例,分析产生的原因,制定异响消除对策,阐述整个钣金异响处理的一般流程。

熊耳山矿集区小河流域水体及底泥重金属污染评价

这是一篇矿山环境领域的论文。河流是矿产资源开发过程中产生的重金属最主要的迁移途径和汇聚地,熊耳山矿集区矿产资源开发对河流的影响程度尚不清晰。为准确掌握熊耳山矿集区矿产资源开发对河流重金属的影响,以矿集区内小河流域的水体和底泥为研究对象,分析了小河干流及其主要支流水体和底泥中Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、As、Hg重金属含量特征。用单项污染指数和内梅罗综合污染指数法对水体重金属污染程度进行评价;用地质累积指数法和质量基准法对河流底泥中重金属累积程度和污染程度进行评价。结果表明,小河流域水体中6种重金属平均含量在0.08~289.86μg/L之间,污染程度As>Hg>Cd>Pb>Cu>Zn,主要重金属污染物为As、Hg,主要污染河段分布于矿业活动强烈区,矿产资源开发是引起河流水体污染的主要因素。Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、As、Hg在小河流域河道底泥中累积效应显著,重金属污染程度严重,质量基准法评价结果显示,小河流域底泥中Pb、Cd、Cu、Zn、As、Hg所有样品均严重污染,综合地质累积指数法和质量基准法评价结果,小河流域河道底泥污染程度:Pb>Cd>Cu>Zn>As>Hg,其中Pb、Zn、Cu、Cd是主要污染元素,Hg,As是次要污染元素。研究认为:熊耳山矿集区矿产资源开发是引起小河流域水体、河道底泥重金属污染的主要因素,已经对河流水体和底泥造成不同程度的重金属污染,加强矿产资源开发全过程的源头治理和监管,是保护和改善小河流域重金属污染的根本手段。

钢轨轨腰轧疤分析研究

对钢轨轨腰出现的大型轧疤形成原因进行了分析,取典型缺陷试样进行了金相检验。结果表明:轧疤处的压入物与基体分离、裂纹两侧未见氧化物质点、压入物脱碳严重、电镜能谱分析表明压入物和基体的成分相同;压入物是由钢轨端部与轧辊或其他辅助设备刮蹭形成的黏钢,在后续轧制过程中掉落在钢上被压入而形成的。

DH980高强钢电阻点焊工艺研究

以汽车车身DH980-GI钢板电阻点焊为研究对象,通过参数实验优化设计,接头强度、接头硬度和接头抗点焊液态金属脆(LME)分析等手段,研究了焊接电流等参数对钢板电阻点焊接接头性能的影响,并对板材的点焊液态金属脆敏感性进行测试研究。试验结果显示,在电极压力4.5 kN、焊接时间380 ms的条件下,焊接电流在6.8~8.1 kA内,不同电流的接头熔核区域显微硬度值相近,均在470~510 HV内,熔核直径均满足标准要求。LME测试结果显示,在6.8~10.5 kA电流范围内未出现LME裂纹,而11~14.5 kA电流范围内出现了A类LME裂纹。力学性能测试结果显示,在焊接电流6.8 kA时,接头抗剪强度为901~911 MPa,在焊接电流8.1 kA时,为738~783 MPa,抗剪力均达到21 kN以上,均满足标准要求。

某江河流域水体中重金属污染监测分析与研究

某江河流域属于珠江流域的重点水系之一,富含大量矿产资源,这导致流域水体中的重金属会存在超标的现象。本文以该流域上下游为采样点,对水体中的重金属污染进行监测,对水体的基本水质进行分析,重点研究重金属的空间分布、时空分布以及重金属的水期变化特征。结果表明:水体的水温、pH、电导率以及溶解氧都出现了明显的季节性波动,这主要与降水量有关,而溶解氧随着水温的变化而变化。重金属的空间分布呈现出锌﹥铜﹥铅﹥镉,上游和下游分布一致,而四种重金属的浓度随时间以及水汽的变化各不相同。该流域重金属浓度达到GB 3838—2002《地表水环境质量标准》规定的Ⅱ类限值,符合世界卫生组织《饮用水水质准则》,可作为该区域饮用水的补充水源。

关于汽车车身钣金修复技术的探讨

汽车车身钣金修复技术作为一种汽车修理技术手段,可以对车身的损坏部位进行修复,恢复汽车的整体性能。基于此,文章首先对汽车车身钣金修复技术的概念、特点、应用原则等进行了简单概述,接着分析了汽车钣金修复技术的重要作用以及汽车钣金修复处理中的常用技术,最后对钣金修复技术的创新路径进行了探索,旨在提升该技术的实际应用效果,推动汽车钣金修复技术的创新发展。

汤小虎教授从金水相生理论论治干燥综合征的经验

干燥综合征的形成与肺肾密切相关,肺肾亏虚,金水不生,一使津液枯涸,二令脏腑气机不调,津液不布,三致机体阴阳不和,病情迁延不愈。治疗当滋养肺肾、条畅气机、燮调阴阳,使诸脏腑功能协调,津液生成及输布正常,燥痹乃缓。