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题名用OFFICE 97设计试卷分析模板
被引量:1
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作者
李盛瑜
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机构
渝州大学计算机中心
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出处
《渝州大学学报》
1999年第2期28-32,共5页
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文摘
在计算机的实际教学过程中,如何建立一个可行的试卷分析模板,是很有必要的。本文主要是利用EXCEL提供的模板功能,建立了一个试卷分析模板。
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关键词
模板
试卷分析
文档
EXCEL
ofFICE97
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Keywords
template,analysis of test papers,document.
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分类号
G424.7
[文化科学—课程与教学论]
TP317
[自动化与计算机技术—计算机软件与理论]
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题名多巴胺系统基因对注意网络的调控作用
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作者
陈晨
张英
刘嘉
胡思源
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机构
北京师范大学心理学部应用实验心理北京市重点实验室心理学国家级实验教学示范中心(北京师范大学)
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出处
《心理科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第1期24-30,共7页
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基金
国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(31000507)的资助
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文摘
多巴胺是脑内重要的神经递质之一,与注意活动紧密相关。本文选取作用于突触前膜、间隙和后膜的多巴胺系统基因——多巴胺转运蛋白基因、儿茶酚氧化甲基转移酶基因和多巴胺受体基因,整合影像遗传学研究,探讨多巴胺基因对注意网络的调控。元分析发现背侧和腹侧注意网络的主要脑区均有较大的基因调控效应,且腹侧网络的效应值显著大于背侧网络,表明多巴胺系统基因在全脑范围内调控注意网络,且对腹侧网络的调控作用强于背侧网络。
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关键词
注意网络
功能磁共振成像
影像遗传学
多巴胺系统
元分析
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Keywords
included but not limited to functional magnetic resonance imaging (tMRI), and candidate doparninergic system genes targeting at the presynaptic, the postsynaptie neurons, or the synaptic cleft, such as the dopamine transporter gene (DAT), the catechol-O-methyltransferase gene (COMT) or the dopamine receptor gene (DRD). Reference lists were checked by hand and a total of forty-four papers were gathered and applied to our meta-analysis. We extracted the coordinates of peak voxels where the genetic modulatory effect on attention was reported in the papers and then projected them onto a brain template in Caret to visualize the distribution of the modulatory effects of genes. The effect sizes were calculated using Cohen's d to quantify the magnitude of activation differences between the subjects with separate ganotypes in each att
ntion task. The random-effects model was chosen for the meta-analysis and the effect sizes of effective modulation of dopaminergie system genes in different brain regions were calculated with Comprehensive Meta-analysis program (CMA). To compare the differences across attention networks and dopaminergic genes, the Q-test of homogeneity was used to test for variations in effect sizes. Our results showed that the integrated effect sizes of effective modulation of dopaminergic system genes were all above .8 (Cohen's d) in the ventral attention network (VAN), including the ventral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC), the orbitofrontal gyms (ofG), and the superior temporal gyms (STG), and also in the dorsal attention network (DAN), consisting of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), the superior parietal lobule (SPL) and the frontal eye field (FEF). The VAN presented a significantly higher effect size in comparison to the DAN (Qb = 4.94,p 〈 .05). In addition, the variation test of effect sizes for dopaminergic system genes showed that the COMT gene exhibited a significantly higher effect size than that of DAT gene (Qb = 77.04,p 〈 .001) and DRD gene (Qb = 186.35,p 〈 .001). Our study suggests the important role of the dopaminergic system genes in regulating attention networks in the whole brain. As DAN enables the selection of sensory stimuli based on internal goals and VAN detects salient and relevant stimuli in the environment. The observed stronger modulatory effect of dopaminergic system genes in VAN than in DAN suggests that bottom-up attention, compared with top-down attention, receives more modulation from genes than from the environment. Our study invites broader and deeper studies on the relationship between the genes, the brain, and the attentional behaviors at the network level in the future. Key words attention networks, MRI, imaging genetics, doparninergic system, meta-anaiysis
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分类号
R338
[医药卫生—人体生理学]
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