[Objective] The research aimed to analyze temporal and spatial variation of strong precipitation caused flood and agricultural disaster loss in Huaihe River basin of Anhui Province during Meiyu period of 2007.[Method]...[Objective] The research aimed to analyze temporal and spatial variation of strong precipitation caused flood and agricultural disaster loss in Huaihe River basin of Anhui Province during Meiyu period of 2007.[Method] On the basis of rainfalls of each station in Huaihe River basin of Anhui,rainfall data during Meiyu period of 2007 and flood disaster data in the same period,the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of strong precipitation caused flood during Meiyu period of 2007 and its harm on agriculture were analyzed.The variation rule,distribution characteristics of strong precipitation during Meiyu period in Huaihe River basin of Anhui and its relationship with agricultural disaster loss were discussed.[Result] During Meiyu period of 2007 in Huaihe River basin of Anhui,the rainstorm was more,and the rainfall was large.The precipitation variation showed 'three-peak' trend.Rainfall in Huaihe River basin during Meiyu period of 2007 was greatly more than that homochronously in Yangtze River basin.The rain area over 400.0 mm during Meiyu period mainly located in Huaihe River basin,and the rain area over 600.0 mm mainly located from area along Huaihe River to central Huaibei.The rainfall during Meiyu period gradually decreased toward south and north by the north bank of Huaihe River as the symmetry axis.The rainfall in area along Huaihe River showed wavy distribution in east-west direction.The flood disaster loss index and disaster area of crops in Huaihe River basin of Anhui both increased as rainfall in Meiyu period.[Conclusion] The research provided theoretical basis for flood prevention,disaster reduction and agricultural flood-avoiding development in Huaihe River basin.展开更多
By means of analysing the historical data of flood-drought grade series in the past 2000 years(A.D.0-1900),especially in the last 5000 years (1470-1900) , this paper revealed the spatial-temporaldistribution features ...By means of analysing the historical data of flood-drought grade series in the past 2000 years(A.D.0-1900),especially in the last 5000 years (1470-1900) , this paper revealed the spatial-temporaldistribution features of severe flood and drought in Yellow River Valley. Statistical methods of varianceanalysis, probability transition and the principles of scale correspondence were employed tocomprehensively predicate 90's tendency of severe flood and drought in the Yellow River Valley. In addi-tion, this paper pointed out the possible breaching dikes, sectors and the flooding ranges by future's se-vere flood, meanwhile estimating the associated economic losses and impact to environment.展开更多
[Objective] This study aimed to analyze the evolution characteristics and occurrence patterns of droughts and floods in Weifang City. [Method] Based on the monthly precipitation data during 1961-2010 obtained from nin...[Objective] This study aimed to analyze the evolution characteristics and occurrence patterns of droughts and floods in Weifang City. [Method] Based on the monthly precipitation data during 1961-2010 obtained from nine meteorological sta- tions of Weifang City, by using standardized precipitation index, monthly SPI index of Weifang City during the past 50 years was calculated to analyze the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of drought and humidification in Weifang City. [Result] The results showed that the variation of drought and humidification had stage characteristics in Weifang City, which was relatively humid in the 1960s and 1970s and developed from extremely humid in early 1960s to dry in late 1970s, persistent drought was observed throughout the range of Weifang City in the 1980s, and the variation tended to be smooth during the 1990s-2000s. Spatial distribution of drought and humidification in Weifang City showed certain regional characteristics. In the 1960s, the mid-west region of Weifang City was relatively humid, while the southeastern region was relatively dry; in the 1970s, there was little difference among the drought and humidification extent in each region; in the 1980s, each region of Weifang City was generally dry, specifically, drought in the southeastern region was the most severe, while drought in the northern region was the slightest; in the 1990s and 2000s, variation of drought and humidification in each region of Weifang City was basically the same. The uneven spatial and temporal distribution of precipi- tation led to abnormal distribution of drought and humidification in some areas, such as the abnormal phenomenon in 1999; the spatial distribution of drought and humidi- fication duration in each generation had their own characteristics, which brought diffi- culties to the unified deployment of drought and flood control departments. [Conclu- sion] This study provided theoretical basis for the drought resistance, waterlogging prevention and disaster reduction in Weifang City under the background of climate change.展开更多
[目的]揭示黄土高原典型区域百年尺度干旱演化特征,与地貌类型耦合阐明气象干旱的时空变化规律,进而为北洛河流域综合治理提供科技支撑。[方法]基于1915—2020年北洛河流域1 km分辨率的平均气温及降水数据,计算了年际标准化降水蒸散指数...[目的]揭示黄土高原典型区域百年尺度干旱演化特征,与地貌类型耦合阐明气象干旱的时空变化规律,进而为北洛河流域综合治理提供科技支撑。[方法]基于1915—2020年北洛河流域1 km分辨率的平均气温及降水数据,计算了年际标准化降水蒸散指数(SPEI),并结合Theil-Sen Median趋势分析、Mann-Kendall检验、小波分析、反距离权重插值(IDW)等方法,分析了流域内100余年不同地貌类型区的气象干旱时空演变特征。[结果](1)北洛河流域降水量及平均气温的空间分布差异较大,总体呈现东南向西北递减的特点;降水量多呈条带状分布,平均气温沿河道自上而下梯度增加,上游区(丘陵沟壑区)降水量相对较少,下游区(阶地平原区)平均气温相对偏高;(2) 1915—2020年北洛河流域SPEI-12震荡明显,干旱事件交替出现且弱减,下降速率为-0.04/10 a, 1942年,1990年和2010年为旱势转折年,并以1990年最为明显;周期变化大致可从1960年分为两个时期,之前以10 a, 17 a为主,其后为3 a, 7 a, 30 a左右,10 a和30 a周期在不同时期干旱变化中起主导作用;(3) SPEI-12的不显著下降趋势具有全域性且由东北向西南有增大趋势,表明北洛河流域总体呈弱旱化发展;(4)不同年代干旱事件发生频率差异较大,1990s重旱和特旱发生频率最高;2000s不同类型干旱事件发生的总频率最大,其中上游区(丘陵沟壑区)和下游区(阶地平原区)可达70%,而中游区(土石山林区和高原沟壑区)约为60%;(5)不同类型干旱空间分布存在异质性,轻旱发生频率有自南向北逐渐降低的趋势,中旱发生频率与之相反。总体来看,北洛河流域上游区(丘陵沟壑区)易发生中旱,下游区(阶地平原区)更易发生轻旱,重旱高发区在流域内零散分布,特旱的发生概率仅为1.69%~2.10%。[结论]全球变暖引发的旱化趋势在黄土高原地区的影响客观存在,北洛河流域不同地貌类型区气象干旱发生的高频类型略有差别,未来应提升中下游地区的抗旱减灾能力。展开更多
传统旱涝评估多从单一因素角度来研究,而忽略了下垫面的特性如农业用地对旱涝事件形成的影响。基于昌化江流域内20个气象站点1970—2019年逐日降雨数据,结合遥感提取的30 m DEM和遥感解译的土地利用数据,应用降水Z指数对流域内的旱涝等...传统旱涝评估多从单一因素角度来研究,而忽略了下垫面的特性如农业用地对旱涝事件形成的影响。基于昌化江流域内20个气象站点1970—2019年逐日降雨数据,结合遥感提取的30 m DEM和遥感解译的土地利用数据,应用降水Z指数对流域内的旱涝等级进行划分。运用下垫面数据修正分析结果,评估流域旱涝面积时空变化特征,分别划分流域的易旱、易涝区。结果表明:流域冬春季节干旱问题较其它季节突出,但整体上干旱面积呈明显下降趋势;流域内夏秋季雨涝问题较为严重,且总体雨涝面积呈上升趋势。全年干旱易发区与秋季雨涝易发区较为集中分布于流域下游;总体昌化江流域旱涝灾害有逐年缓解趋势。展开更多
基金Supported by Meteorological Open Research Fund of Huaihe River basin,China(HRM200805)Soft Science Research Plan of Ministry of Science and Technology,China(2007GXS3D087)
文摘[Objective] The research aimed to analyze temporal and spatial variation of strong precipitation caused flood and agricultural disaster loss in Huaihe River basin of Anhui Province during Meiyu period of 2007.[Method] On the basis of rainfalls of each station in Huaihe River basin of Anhui,rainfall data during Meiyu period of 2007 and flood disaster data in the same period,the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of strong precipitation caused flood during Meiyu period of 2007 and its harm on agriculture were analyzed.The variation rule,distribution characteristics of strong precipitation during Meiyu period in Huaihe River basin of Anhui and its relationship with agricultural disaster loss were discussed.[Result] During Meiyu period of 2007 in Huaihe River basin of Anhui,the rainstorm was more,and the rainfall was large.The precipitation variation showed 'three-peak' trend.Rainfall in Huaihe River basin during Meiyu period of 2007 was greatly more than that homochronously in Yangtze River basin.The rain area over 400.0 mm during Meiyu period mainly located in Huaihe River basin,and the rain area over 600.0 mm mainly located from area along Huaihe River to central Huaibei.The rainfall during Meiyu period gradually decreased toward south and north by the north bank of Huaihe River as the symmetry axis.The rainfall in area along Huaihe River showed wavy distribution in east-west direction.The flood disaster loss index and disaster area of crops in Huaihe River basin of Anhui both increased as rainfall in Meiyu period.[Conclusion] The research provided theoretical basis for flood prevention,disaster reduction and agricultural flood-avoiding development in Huaihe River basin.
文摘By means of analysing the historical data of flood-drought grade series in the past 2000 years(A.D.0-1900),especially in the last 5000 years (1470-1900) , this paper revealed the spatial-temporaldistribution features of severe flood and drought in Yellow River Valley. Statistical methods of varianceanalysis, probability transition and the principles of scale correspondence were employed tocomprehensively predicate 90's tendency of severe flood and drought in the Yellow River Valley. In addi-tion, this paper pointed out the possible breaching dikes, sectors and the flooding ranges by future's se-vere flood, meanwhile estimating the associated economic losses and impact to environment.
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to analyze the evolution characteristics and occurrence patterns of droughts and floods in Weifang City. [Method] Based on the monthly precipitation data during 1961-2010 obtained from nine meteorological sta- tions of Weifang City, by using standardized precipitation index, monthly SPI index of Weifang City during the past 50 years was calculated to analyze the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of drought and humidification in Weifang City. [Result] The results showed that the variation of drought and humidification had stage characteristics in Weifang City, which was relatively humid in the 1960s and 1970s and developed from extremely humid in early 1960s to dry in late 1970s, persistent drought was observed throughout the range of Weifang City in the 1980s, and the variation tended to be smooth during the 1990s-2000s. Spatial distribution of drought and humidification in Weifang City showed certain regional characteristics. In the 1960s, the mid-west region of Weifang City was relatively humid, while the southeastern region was relatively dry; in the 1970s, there was little difference among the drought and humidification extent in each region; in the 1980s, each region of Weifang City was generally dry, specifically, drought in the southeastern region was the most severe, while drought in the northern region was the slightest; in the 1990s and 2000s, variation of drought and humidification in each region of Weifang City was basically the same. The uneven spatial and temporal distribution of precipi- tation led to abnormal distribution of drought and humidification in some areas, such as the abnormal phenomenon in 1999; the spatial distribution of drought and humidi- fication duration in each generation had their own characteristics, which brought diffi- culties to the unified deployment of drought and flood control departments. [Conclu- sion] This study provided theoretical basis for the drought resistance, waterlogging prevention and disaster reduction in Weifang City under the background of climate change.
文摘[目的]揭示黄土高原典型区域百年尺度干旱演化特征,与地貌类型耦合阐明气象干旱的时空变化规律,进而为北洛河流域综合治理提供科技支撑。[方法]基于1915—2020年北洛河流域1 km分辨率的平均气温及降水数据,计算了年际标准化降水蒸散指数(SPEI),并结合Theil-Sen Median趋势分析、Mann-Kendall检验、小波分析、反距离权重插值(IDW)等方法,分析了流域内100余年不同地貌类型区的气象干旱时空演变特征。[结果](1)北洛河流域降水量及平均气温的空间分布差异较大,总体呈现东南向西北递减的特点;降水量多呈条带状分布,平均气温沿河道自上而下梯度增加,上游区(丘陵沟壑区)降水量相对较少,下游区(阶地平原区)平均气温相对偏高;(2) 1915—2020年北洛河流域SPEI-12震荡明显,干旱事件交替出现且弱减,下降速率为-0.04/10 a, 1942年,1990年和2010年为旱势转折年,并以1990年最为明显;周期变化大致可从1960年分为两个时期,之前以10 a, 17 a为主,其后为3 a, 7 a, 30 a左右,10 a和30 a周期在不同时期干旱变化中起主导作用;(3) SPEI-12的不显著下降趋势具有全域性且由东北向西南有增大趋势,表明北洛河流域总体呈弱旱化发展;(4)不同年代干旱事件发生频率差异较大,1990s重旱和特旱发生频率最高;2000s不同类型干旱事件发生的总频率最大,其中上游区(丘陵沟壑区)和下游区(阶地平原区)可达70%,而中游区(土石山林区和高原沟壑区)约为60%;(5)不同类型干旱空间分布存在异质性,轻旱发生频率有自南向北逐渐降低的趋势,中旱发生频率与之相反。总体来看,北洛河流域上游区(丘陵沟壑区)易发生中旱,下游区(阶地平原区)更易发生轻旱,重旱高发区在流域内零散分布,特旱的发生概率仅为1.69%~2.10%。[结论]全球变暖引发的旱化趋势在黄土高原地区的影响客观存在,北洛河流域不同地貌类型区气象干旱发生的高频类型略有差别,未来应提升中下游地区的抗旱减灾能力。
文摘传统旱涝评估多从单一因素角度来研究,而忽略了下垫面的特性如农业用地对旱涝事件形成的影响。基于昌化江流域内20个气象站点1970—2019年逐日降雨数据,结合遥感提取的30 m DEM和遥感解译的土地利用数据,应用降水Z指数对流域内的旱涝等级进行划分。运用下垫面数据修正分析结果,评估流域旱涝面积时空变化特征,分别划分流域的易旱、易涝区。结果表明:流域冬春季节干旱问题较其它季节突出,但整体上干旱面积呈明显下降趋势;流域内夏秋季雨涝问题较为严重,且总体雨涝面积呈上升趋势。全年干旱易发区与秋季雨涝易发区较为集中分布于流域下游;总体昌化江流域旱涝灾害有逐年缓解趋势。