Prevention and Control Measures of Environmental Pollution Problem Caused by Dairy Farming in Inner Mongolia

Environmental pollution problem generated in dairy farming process is the bottleneck restricting development of animal husbandry. By using the investigation data from dairy farmers of Inner Mongolia,environmental pollution problem generated by dairy farming in Inner Mongolia and its cause were analyzed,and prevention and control measures were put forward. The research result showed that weak technology support of environmental treatment and environmental-protection awareness of dairy farmer and bad application effect of pollution control technology caused by lower education degree of dairy farmer were main reasons for environmental pollution problem. We should develop dairy circular economy,advocate a moderate scale,scientifically breed,and enhance training of pollution control technology and propaganda to protect environment.

Research on Prevention and Control of Environmental Pollution in Building Construction

The quality of human life has been greatly improved with the rapid development of the market economy.However,at the same time,people are paying more attention to the problems caused by environmental pollution.As a result,there is an increase in environmental awareness.At the present stage,people are concerned about the negative impact that building construction has on the environment.Building construction enterprises must have preventive measures and deal with environmental pollution during construction.This is to minimize pollution caused by construction and to satisfy the implementation of green civilization construction.This is important as it can enhance the development of socialist spiritual civilization and thus promote the expansion of enterprises in the long run.The author explores and analyzes the main types of environmental pollution generated in building construction.Besides,the author provides effective measures for the prevention and control of environmental pollution caused by building construction to reduce its adverse impact on the environment.

Research Progress on the Relationship between Air Pollution and Socio-economic Growth in China

Air pollution is a hot issue studied by scholars all over the world.Academic circles generally believe that socio-economic factors such as extensive economic growth,unbalanced proportion of industrial structure and unreasonable energy consumption structure are the main"culprits"of serious air pollution in China.Therefore,the relationship between air pollution and socio-economic growth has very important theoretical and practical significance for air pollution prevention and control and promoting the sustainable and healthy development of cities.Through literature research and summary methods,this paper studies the severity and harmfulness of air pollution in China,and deeply studies the research progress of socio-economic influencing factors of air pollution,environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis of air pollution,decoupling relationship between air pollution and socio-economic growth,so as to provide useful reference for the prevention and control of air pollution.

Thoughts on Energy Solutions to Alleviation of Air Pollution during the Heating Period in Key Areas

Since the implementation of the Action Plan for Air Pollution Prevention and Control , all regions of China have steadily promoted the prevention and control of air pollution and achieved results continuously. However, the atmospheric environment in key areas such as Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, the Yangtze River Delta region, and Fenwei Plain is still severe, and especially during the heating period heavy pollution occurs frequently, which has become the focus and difficulty of improving the quality of the atmospheric environment and is also the weakest link of China s air pollution control at present. How to alleviate air pollution, how to win the battle of pollution prevention and control, how to hold the fruits of the blue sky defense war, energy consumption is key.

中国大气污染防治政策与空气污染治理——基于城市级面板数据的实证研究

2013年颁布实施的《大气污染防治行动计划》是我国首个针对环境突出问题开展综合治理的行动计划;为巩固治理效果,应对动态变化的环境问题,2018年国务院进一步发布了《打赢蓝天保卫战三年行动计划》。研究利用中国258个城市2013年1月至2020年9月日度空气污染数据,实证检验了上述两阶段政策对空气质量的影响,并从不同污染物治理效果、时间和区域异质性等角度分析了政策效应的差异。结果指出:第一,“大气十条”和“蓝天保卫战”均显著降低了AQI、PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)、SO_(2)、NO_(2)、CO;第二,相比“大气十条”,“蓝天保卫战”对NO_(2)的减排效应更高,且实现对O_(3)的协同治理;第三,“大气十条”和“蓝天保卫战”对各污染物的减排效应因供暖时期、地区能源资源禀赋呈现出较强的异质性特征。

Impact of China’s Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan on PM2.5 chemical composition over eastern China

China promulgated the Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan(the Action Plan)in 2013 and developed stringent control measures to mitigate fine particulate matter(PM2.5) pollution.Here,we investigated the PM2.5 chemical composition changes over eastern China associated with the Action Plan during 2013-2017 using satellite-based PM2.5 chemical composition data derived using CMAQ simulations and satellite inputs.The PM2.5 concentrations decreased considerably during this time as a result of the reductions in all chemical species in PM2.5.The population-weighted mean concentrations over eastern China decreased from 11.1 to 6.7μgm-3 for SO42-,13.8-13.1μgm-3 for NO3-,7.4-5.8μgm-3 for NH4+,9.9-8.4μgm-3 for OM,4.6-3.8μg m-3 for BC and 12.9-9.6μg m-3 for other species in PM2.5.SO42-had the largest reduction of 40%,while NO3-had the lowest reduction of 5%,resulting in a greater fraction of NO3-and a smaller fraction of SO42-in PM2.5.Among the three key regions,Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei had the largest reduction in PM2.5 and its chemical compositions.The decrease in SO42-concentrations was in line with the reduction of SO2 emissions,and the major driver of the SO2 emission reductions was the industrial sector.The decrease in NO3 concentrations was limited because the decrease in SO2 emissions and the stable NH3 emissions facilitated the formation of NO3-from HNO3,which partially offset the reduction in NOx emissions driven by the power sector.To mitigate PM2.5 pollution more effectively,future efforts are needed to reduce NH3 emissions.

“大气污染物和温室气体协同控制”政策的实施效果研究

推动减污降碳协同增效是深入打好污染防治攻坚战,实现碳达峰的必然要求。将《大气污染防治行动计划》和《打赢蓝天保卫战三年行动计划》视为一个连贯政策,运用渐进双重差分法探究了于2015和2018年提出的“大气污染物和温室气体协同控制”政策实施效果。研究表明:“大气污染物和温室气体协同控制”政策显著提高了“SO_(2)-CO_(2)”排放强度协同度和“PM-CO_(2)”排放量(强度)协同度,但该政策对“SO_(2)-CO_(2)”排放量协同度无显著影响。机制分析表明,提升政府监管水平、弱化政企关系以及增强企业绿色创新是政策的主要传导机制。异质性分析表明,政策效果在不同能耗水平的城市中具有显著差异,比起高污染上市公司,高耗能中小企业在污染物和CO_(2)的协同减排措施上仍存在较大改善空间。研究结论对我国优化“持续深入打好蓝天保卫战”相关政策提供启示。

土壤环境安全及其污染防治措施

土壤环境是影响农业生产的第一要素,保护土壤安全,防治土壤污染是我国农业发展的首要工作,也是促进社会经济发展的重要内容。当前,我国土壤环境保护面临较多挑战,土壤污染现状也不容乐观,需要多措并举进行深度治理。本文基于我国土壤环境安全现状,重点探讨了土壤污染的类型、监测技术和防治措施,旨在保障土壤环境安全,维护国民身体健康,提升土壤污染监控能力和防治水平,促进我国农业生产和生态保护的良性发展。

空气污染物暴露对儿童呼吸系统疾病发生的影响及防治措施分析

目的分析儿童呼吸系统疾病病发受到空气污染物暴露的影响及防治措施。方法回顾性选取2022年6月至2023年5月就诊闽清县总医院的儿童呼吸系统疾病患儿300例,分析基本资料,并分析儿童呼吸系统疾病和空气污染物的相关性、儿童呼吸系统疾病病发受到空气污染物的影响达到高峰的时间。结果闽清县空气污染物NO、SO_(2)、PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)年均浓度分别为(29.30±4.10)μg/m^(3)、(38.10±6.56)μg/m^(3)、(61.01±12.80)μg/m^(3)、(61.32±14.85)μg/m^(3),PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)占主要地位。儿童支气管肺炎、支气管炎、急性扁桃体炎与空气污染物均呈正相关关系(P<0.05)。住院患儿每日呼吸系统疾病受到NO的影响达到高峰的时间为入院前1 d,SO_(2)的影响达到高峰的时间为入院前1 d,PM_(2.5)的影响达到高峰的时间为入院当天,PM_(10)的影响达到高峰的时间为入院前3 d。结论儿童呼吸系统疾病病发受到空气污染物暴露的直接影响,其中对支气管肺炎具有最大的影响,PM_(10)是最常见污染物,住院前3 d其有最大影响效应,临床可以据此采取有针对性的防治措施。

变电站电磁污染分布特性及防控措施研究

变电站产生的电磁辐射强度越来越大,威胁着环境与居民的安全,故提出变电站电磁污染分布特性及防控措施研究。选取某500 kV变电站作为研究对象,EFA-300型号电磁场强分析仪器作为测试仪器,依据制定变电站电磁辐射强度检测流程与电磁辐射强度测量点布置结果,获取电磁辐射强度测量结果。通过分析可知:变电站配电区域电磁污染中心强、周围弱;电气设备区域一次设备辐射高、二次设备低;空地、建筑、植被区域距离增加,辐射逐渐减小。制定措施包括完善法律体系、合理技术应用与有效屏蔽电磁场,助力电磁污染治理。

西双版纳州大气污染防治一体化平台建设及应用

云南边境城市近年春夏季污染天气频发,空气质量形势严峻,降低当地生态环境形象及生产生活质量,给当地产业和经济发展带来负面影响。以西双版纳州为例,借助物联网、AI视联网、卫星遥感、时空地理数据服务、移动互联网、大数据挖掘和云端一体化业务协同等先进技术,构建集数据采集、信息提取、智能分析、决策生成和统一指挥为一体的城市大气污染防治一体化平台。通过介绍平台系统架构和功能特点,以及阐述平台在2023年春季大气污染防治中的运用成效,为边境城市构建大气污染防治一体化平台,实现区域大气环境质量精细化管控提供良好的借鉴。

市区大气污染现状及治理对策分析

随着我国城市进程的快速推进,城市人口日益增加,城市空气污染问题日益突出,不仅对人民群众的生命安全造成了极大的威胁,也限制了城市的可持续发展。因此,在这种背景下,以临汾市为例,通过对临汾市空气污染现状及存在问题的进行分析,从优化能源结构、强化工业企业排放监管、加强环境监测能力建设等方面提出了改善临汾市空气污染的若干对策,以期能促进临汾市空气污染防治工作的进一步深入和发展。

浅析施工现场扬尘治理现状

建筑业迅猛发展,而施工现场管理人员扬尘环保思想意识薄弱、管控不成体系,最终导致城市大气污染愈发严重,城市笼罩于黑暗之中。政府部门颁布一系列文件及管控措施,但实际管控效果较为不明显。基于此,对扬尘治理治理现状进行总结、对研究现状进行分析,提出一些相关管控措施,对今后的施工现场管理提供参考。

济宁市污染源排放调查及大气污染防治对策建议

全国污染源普查是重大的国情调查,文章概况性地分析了济宁市第二次全国污染源普查成果,结合日常工作调研,从大气污染防治角度,提出深化产业结构调整、强化工业炉窑整治、提升工业锅炉治理水平、实施低效治理设施改造、实施水泥焦化超低排放改造等对策和建议,为全面打好污染防治攻坚战提供借鉴。

工业污染现状分析及防治方法研究

近年来随着我国经济的不断发展,工业也随之迅速发展,工业污染问题日益严重,由此对生态环境造成了恶劣的影响,资源浪费和环境污染是我国目前面临的较为突出的问题。为了正确地解决我国工业污染问题,实现工业发展与环境保护相互协调,促进我国经济与社会的可持续发展,我们既要认真分析当前工业环境污染的现状,也要采取切实有效的工业污染防治措施,在发展经济的同时,不断地进行环境治理,努力营造更加和谐、清洁的生活环境。

农业面源污染治理问题及对策建议

农业污染是环境污染的重要来源,农业生产中农药、化肥等过量施用,秸秆乱烧,地膜乱弃,禽畜粪便乱堆等对环境造成了严重污染。该文对农业污染来源及防控过程中存在的问题进行解析,并结合问题提出对策和建议。

重金属铅污染及防治对策分析

随着工业化进程的加快,重金属铅污染问题日益凸显,对生态环境和人体健康构成了严重威胁。本文首先概述了重金属铅污染的来源、特点及危害,然后分析了当前重金属铅污染的防治现状和挑战,最后提出了针对性的防治对策和建议。通过文献综述、案例分析等方法,为重金属铅污染的防治提供科学依据和实用对策。

高密度钻井液酸性气体污染研究进展

酸性气体对高密度钻井液性能影响极大,钻井液流变性能难以控制,滤失性能恶化,因此对高密度钻井液酸性气体污染处理方式的研究迫在眉睫。文章综述了酸性气体对高密度钻井液的污染机理、高密度钻井液酸性气体污染检测方式与体系微观性能表征方法以及酸性气体污染高密度钻井液性能优化处理方式的研究进展;分析了目前酸性气体防治措施存在的问题以及未来发展方向,以期为酸性气体侵入高密度钻井液后的性能控制研究发展提供参考。

地膜覆盖种植技术及残膜污染防控

地膜覆盖种植技术,经过几十年的应用,产生了严重的残膜污染危害,但现阶段对于保障我国农产品安全供应依然发挥着不可或缺的积极作用,故残膜污染防控不可回避。残膜污染防控技术措施主要有地膜减量化应用、降解膜替代普通聚乙烯地膜和残膜回收3种。阐述了我国农用地膜发展应用概况、覆膜种植积极作用、残膜污染危害及残膜污染防控技术措施,展望残膜污染防控技术,以期为残膜污染防控提供参考。

大气污染防治面临的挑战及措施研究

本文旨在研究大气污染防治面临的挑战及相关措施。文章首先介绍了大气污染的定义和分类,及其对环境和人类健康的影响。接着,分析了我国大气污染防治措施的实施情况。在此基础上,文章进一步探讨了大气污染防治面临的挑战,并提出一些应对挑战的措施。本文旨在促使相关人员深入了解大气污染防治问题,并为未来研究提供思路和参考。