Joint target assignment and power allocation in the netted C-MIMO radar when tracking multi-targets in the presence of self-defense blanket jamming

The netted radar system(NRS)has been proved to possess unique advantages in anti-jamming and improving target tracking performance.Effective resource management can greatly ensure the combat capability of the NRS.In this paper,based on the netted collocated multiple input multiple output(CMIMO)radar,an effective joint target assignment and power allocation(JTAPA)strategy for tracking multi-targets under self-defense blanket jamming is proposed.An architecture based on the distributed fusion is used in the radar network to estimate target state parameters.By deriving the predicted conditional Cramer-Rao lower bound(PC-CRLB)based on the obtained state estimation information,the objective function is formulated.To maximize the worst case tracking accuracy,the proposed JTAPA strategy implements an online target assignment and power allocation of all active nodes,subject to some resource constraints.Since the formulated JTAPA is non-convex,we propose an efficient two-step solution strategy.In terms of the simulation results,the proposed algorithm can effectively improve tracking performance in the worst case.

Investigation multi-target synergistic mechanism of Choerospondias axillaris in the treat of cerebral ischemia based on systems pharmacology and experimental verification

Background:Choerospondias axillaris(CA)is a traditional Mongolian medicine that has been proven to have a good therapeutic effect on cerebrovascular disease.Cerebral Ischemia(CI)is a severe and life-threatening cerebrovascular disease.However,the specific mechanism of action of CA in the treatment of CI is still unclear.Methods:In this study,the related targets and pathways of CA in the treatment of CI were first predicted by system pharmacology and then verified by relevant experiments.Results:The results showed that 12 active ingredients and 208 targets were selected.Further validation through protein-protein interaction(PPI)network analysis and active ingredients-target-pathway(A-T-P)network analysis has confirmed the pivotal roles of the main bioactive constituents,including quercetin,kaempferol,naringin,β-sitosterol,and gallic acid.These components exert their anti-ischemic effects by modulating key targets such as IL6,TNF,MAPK3,and CASP3,thereby regulating the PI3K-Akt,HIF-1,and MAPK signaling pathways,which are integral to processes like inflammation,apoptosis,and oxidative stress.More importantly,through experimental verification,this study confirmed our prediction that CAE significantly reduced neurological function scores,infarct volume,and the percentage of apoptosis neurons.Conclusion:This indicates that CA acts on CI through multi-target synergistic mechanism,and this study provides theoretical basis for the clinical application of CA.

Research on Rotating Machinery Fault Diagnosis Based on Improved Multi-target Domain Adversarial Network

Aiming at the problems of low efficiency,poor anti-noise and robustness of transfer learning model in intelligent fault diagnosis of rotating machinery,a new method of intelligent fault diagnosis of rotating machinery based on single source and multi-target domain adversarial network model(WDMACN)and Gram Angle Product field(GAPF)was proposed.Firstly,the original one-dimensional vibration signal is preprocessed using GAPF to generate the image data including all time series.Secondly,the residual network is used to extract data features,and the features of the target domain without labels are pseudo-labeled,and the transferable features among the feature extractors are shared through the depth parameter,and the feature extractors of the multi-target domain are updated anatomically to generate the features that the discriminator cannot distinguish.The modelt through adversarial domain adaptation,thus achieving fault classification.Finally,a large number of validations were carried out on the bearing data set of Case Western Reserve University(CWRU)and the gear data.The results show that the proposed method can greatly improve the diagnostic efficiency of the model,and has good noise resistance and generalization.

Fecal microbial biomarkers combined with multi-target stool DNA test improve diagnostic accuracy for colorectal cancer

BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC)is a major global health burden.The current diagnostic tests have shortcomings of being invasive and low accuracy.AIM To explore the combination of intestinal microbiome composition and multi-target stool DNA(MT-sDNA)test in the diagnosis of CRC.METHODS We assessed the performance of the MT-sDNA test based on a hospital clinical trial.The intestinal microbiota was tested using 16S rRNA gene sequencing.This case-control study enrolled 54 CRC patients and 51 healthy controls.We identified biomarkers of bacterial structure,analyzed the relationship between different tumor markers and the relative abundance of related flora components,and distinguished CRC patients from healthy subjects by the linear discriminant analysis effect size,redundancy analysis,and random forest analysis.RESULTS MT-sDNA was associated with Bacteroides.MT-sDNA and carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA)were positively correlated with the existence of Parabacteroides,and alpha-fetoprotein(AFP)was positively associated with Faecalibacterium and Megamonas.In the random forest model,the existence of Streptococcus,Escherichia,Chitinophaga,Parasutterella,Lachnospira,and Romboutsia can distinguish CRC from health controls.The diagnostic accuracy of MT-sDNA combined with the six genera and CEA in the diagnosis of CRC was 97.1%,with a sensitivity and specificity of 98.1%and 92.3%,respectively.CONCLUSION There is a positive correlation of MT-sDNA,CEA,and AFP with intestinal microbiome.Eight biomarkers including six genera of gut microbiota,MT-sDNA,and CEA showed a prominent sensitivity and specificity for CRC prediction,which could be used as a non-invasive method for improving the diagnostic accuracy for this malignancy.

Multi-targets antidepressant mechanism of the bis-benzylisoquinoline 7-O-ethylfangchinoline:Involvement of noradrenergic,dopaminergic and AMPAergic systems

OBJECTIVE Bisbenzylisoquinoline(BBI)alkaloids have extensive pharmacological functions.The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanisms underlying the antidepressant-like action of 7-O-ethylfangchinoline(YH-200)in mice.METHODS Male ICR mice were used in the forced swimming(FST)and tail suspension tests(TST).RESULTS YH-200(60mg·kg-1,ig)decreased the immobility time in FST and TST,and prolonged the latency to immobility in FST.YH-200 revealed more potent anti-immobility activity than its BBI derivative tetrandrine.In addition,the pretreatment of mice with prazosin(1mg·kg-1,ip,anα1-adrenoceptor antagonist),propranolol(2 mg·kg-1,ip,a nonselectiveβ-adrenoceptor antagonist),SCH23390(0.05mg·kg-1,ip,a dopamine D1/D5 receptor antagonist),haloperidol(0.2mg·kg-1,ip,a dopamine D2/D3 receptor antagonist)and NBQX(10mg·kg-1,ip,an AMPA receptor antagonist)prevented the antidepressant-like effect of YH-200(60mg·kg-1,ig)in FST.Besides that,the pretreatment of mice with yohimbine(1mg·kg-1,ip,an α2 adrenoceptor antagonist)augmented the antidepressant-like effect of YH-200(30mg·kg-1,ig)in FST.After 14 dadministration,YH-200(30 and 60mg·kg-1,ig)did not develop drug resistance,but the potency was strengthened,meanwhile,it did not influence the changes in mice body weight.CONCLUSION YH-200 may possess the therapeutic potential for the treatment of depression via the multi-targets including the noradrenergic(α1,α2 and β-adrenoceptors),dopaminergic(D1/D5 and D2/D3receptors)and AMPAergic systems.

Novel anti-AD dimeric leads:from relieving symptoms to modifying diseases via multi-targets

Alzheimer disease(AD) has now become the most common brain disorder among the older population. In addition, the currently existing therapeutics only offer temporary symptomatic relieves. Therefore, further research and development of more efficacious and disease-modifying agents for the prevention, treatment and restoration of AD will have tremendous value from both scientific, and economic standpoints. Over the past few years, our series of studies have identified several highly promising anti-AD dimeric leads, with disease-modifying potentials. In this presentation, the latest progress on the neuroprotective and disease modifying effects and the underlying mechanisms of those candidates will be comprehensively illustrated and discussed.

Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar Imaging of Multi-Targets Based on Image Processing Technique

This paper presents a newmulti-targets inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) imaging approach via the image segmentation processing. This method can separate multi-targets with similar velocities,and there is no strict limit on the rotational state of the targets. Firstly,the motion compensation for the completely multi-targets echo is carried out and the coarse image can be achieved with the Range-Doppler (RD) technique. Then a series of image processing methods and image segmentation processing are used to separate the echo data of each mono-target. At last,the image with high quality of each target can be achieved with the RD technique and the Range-Instantaneous-Doppler (RID) technique. ISAR imaging results of simulated and measured data validate the validity of the proposed approach.

Block Iterative STMV Algorithm and Its Application in Multi-Targets Detection

STMV beamforming algorithm needs inversion operation of matrix, and its engineering application is limited due to its huge computational cost. This paper proposed block iterative STMV algorithm based on one-phase regressive filter, matrix inversion lemma and inversion of block matrix. The computational cost is reduced approximately as 1/4 M times as original algorithm when array number is M. The simulation results show that this algorithm maintains high azimuth resolution and good performance of detecting multi-targets. Within 1 - 2 dB directional index and higher azimuth discrimination of block iterative STMV algorithm are achieved than STMV algorithm for sea trial data processing. And its good robustness lays the foundation of its engineering application.

Multi-Target Tracking of Person Based on Deep Learning

To improve the tracking accuracy of persons in the surveillance video,we proposed an algorithm for multi-target tracking persons based on deep learning.In this paper,we used You Only Look Once v5(YOLOv5)to obtain person targets of each frame in the video and used Simple Online and Realtime Tracking with a Deep Association Metric(DeepSORT)to do cascade matching and Intersection Over Union(IOU)matching of person targets between different frames.To solve the IDSwitch problem caused by the low feature extraction ability of the Re-Identification(ReID)network in the process of cascade matching,we introduced Spatial Relation-aware Global Attention(RGA-S)and Channel Relation-aware Global Attention(RGA-C)attention mechanisms into the network structure.The pre-training weights are loaded for Transfer Learning training on the dataset CUHK03.To enhance the discrimination performance of the network,we proposed a new loss function design method,which introduces the Hard-Negative-Mining way into the benchmark triplet loss.To improve the classification accuracy of the network,we introduced a Label-Smoothing regularization method to the cross-entropy loss.To facilitate the model’s convergence stability and convergence speed at the early training stage and to prevent the model from oscillating around the global optimum due to excessive learning rate at the later stage of training,this paper proposed a learning rate regulation method combining Linear-Warmup and exponential decay.The experimental results on CUHK03 show that the mean Average Precision(mAP)of the improved ReID network is 76.5%.The Top 1 is 42.5%,the Top 5 is 65.4%,and the Top 10 is 74.3%in Cumulative Matching Characteristics(CMC);Compared with the original algorithm,the tracking accuracy of the optimized DeepSORT tracking algorithm is improved by 2.5%,the tracking precision is improved by 3.8%.The number of identity switching is reduced by 25%.The algorithm effectively alleviates the IDSwitch problem,improves the tracking accuracy of persons,and has a high practical value.

胞外多糖对盐胁迫下荆芥种子萌发、幼苗生长及生理特性的影响

为提高盐渍地中荆芥的种植效益,探究植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)胞外多糖对盐胁迫下荆芥种子萌发、幼苗生长的影响,同时从幼苗根系生理特性上分析其具体作用机制,设置6个处理[空白对照组(CK1)、盐胁迫对照组(CK2)、50 mg/kg胞外多糖组(T1)、100 mg/kg胞外多糖组(T2)、200 mg/kg胞外多糖组(T3)、400 mg/kg胞外多糖组(T4)]进行试验。结果表明,胞外多糖对荆芥种子萌发和幼苗生长具有显著的促进作用。其中,添加200 mg/kg胞外多糖(T3)效果最显著,与CK2相比,其种子发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数和活力指数分别显著增加76.13%、144.16%、137.45%、265.28%,幼苗株高、茎粗、地下干质量和地上干质量分别显著升高60.49%、14.73%、40.08%、85.39%,脯氨酸、可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖含量分别提高21.02%、84.56%、40.02%,Na+含量降低54.63%,K+含量升高95.24%,Na+/K+值降低76.76%,根系电解质渗出率、丙二醛(MDA)含量分别降低44.54%、43.24%,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性分别显著提高30.39%、34.59%、24.31%。综上所述,植物乳杆菌胞外多糖可以通过根系渗透调节和激活抗氧化酶防御系统来提高幼苗的抗盐性,进而促进荆芥种子萌发和幼苗生长。

MULTI-FIGHTER COORDINATED MULTI-TARGET ATTACK SYSTEM

A definition of self-determined priority is used in airfight decision firstly. A scheme of grouping the whole fighters is introduced, and the principle of target assignment and fire control is designed. Based on the neutral network, the decision algorithm is derived and the whole coordinated decision system is simulated. Secondly an algorithm for missile-attacking area is described and its calculational result is obtained under initial conditions. Then the attacking of missile is realized by the proportion guidance. Finally, a multi-target attack system. The system includes airfight decision, estimation of missile attack area and calculation of missile attack procedure. A digital simulation demonstrates that the airfight decision algorithm is correct. The methods have important reference values for the study of fire control system of the fourth generation fighter.

Two New ent-Kauranoids from Isodon tenuifolia

Two new ent-kauranoids, tenuifolin A (3beta,6alpha, 15beta-trihydroxy-1alpha, 7beta-diacetoxy-11beta, 16beta-epoxy-ent-kaurane) (1) and tenuifolin B (1alpha,6alpha, 11beta-trihydroxy-3beta,7beta-diacetoxy-ent-kaur-16-en-15-one) (2), together with four known compounds were isolated from the aerial parts of Isodon tenuifolia (W. W. Smith) Kudo collected from Zhongdian County, Yunnan Province, China. Their structures were determined by the spectral methods (including 2D NMR techniques).

荆芥多倍体的诱导及农艺性状评价

以荆芥种子萌发的幼苗为材料,开展秋水仙素诱导染色体倍性变异的最佳浓度和最适处理时间研究,调查比较多倍体植株的农艺性状。结果表明:用0.10%秋水仙素溶液处理荆芥幼苗生长点3 d最有利于四倍体的产生,诱导率达到1.15%。显微镜观察变异植株根尖染色体数目为2n=4x=24。田间表现四倍体植株较二倍体植株叶片厚大、叶色浓绿、穗多且密、种子大,且四倍体植株较二倍体植株有效成分含量提高。

不同作物土壤水浸提液对远志的化感效应

[目的]建立远志合理的耕作制度,筛选远志最佳的轮作作物。[方法]选取8种远志产地常种作物,研究不同作物土壤水浸提液对远志种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响。[结果]不同作物土壤水浸提液对远志种子萌发均有抑制作用,浸提液浓度越大,抑制作用越强,平均总抑制率从小到大依次是大豆、谷子、玉米、小麦、高粱、蓖麻、油葵、芝麻。不同作物土壤水浸提液对远志幼苗的生长大部分出现了促进作用,各处理浓度间相比表现为随着浓度的增大幼苗及根生长逐渐受到抑制。各处理远志幼苗和根的生长整体呈负相关;蓖麻、芝麻处理,远志苗高、根短;大豆、玉米和谷子处理,远志根长、苗低、生长差。大豆、玉米、小麦、高粱和谷子处理的根长和根重高于CK。远志幼苗POD活性除芝麻和蓖麻外均随着浓度的增大而增强,MDA含量整体呈现随着浓度的增大而增加的趋势,SOD活性则随着浸提液浓度的增大先增加后降低。[结论]综合生长指标和生理指标,大豆、玉米、小麦和谷子是比较适合远志的轮作作物。

高温冲击对细叶结缕草幼苗生长和生理反应的影响

依据亚热带地区夏季超高温出现及持续特点,设置5个高温梯度(36℃、38℃、40℃、42℃、44℃),对细叶结缕草幼苗进行30 d(2 h/d)冲击处理,通过测定株高、分蘖数、叶面积、生物量、叶绿素和生理活性物质含量等指标,研究高温冲击细叶结缕草幼苗生长和生理反应的影响。结果表明:1)高温冲击显著影响形态指标,≥38℃降低株高、叶数和总叶面积,≥40℃降低分蘖数,对形态指标影响大小为总叶面积>分蘖数>株高>叶数>叶厚。2)高温冲击显著影响生物量累积和分配,≥40℃降低总生物量和根冠比,生物量优先向地上部分分配。3)高温冲击显著影响叶绿素含量,≥38℃降低叶绿素a含量,≥40℃降低叶绿素b,叶绿素a/b受影响较小。4)高温冲击显著影响生理物质,温度越高SOD、POD活性和MDA、Pro含量越大,影响大小为MDA>POD>SOD>Pro>CAT,抗性物质含量对不同高温的响应差异较大。综上,高温冲击影响细叶结缕草生长、分生和光合能力,通过调节抗性物质抵抗高温伤害,可抵御44℃高温冲击安全越夏。

Role of copper chelating agents: between old applications and new perspectives in neuroscience

The role of copper element has been an increasingly relevant topic in recent years in the fields of human and animal health, for both the study of new drugs and innovative food and feed supplements. This metal plays an important role in the central nervous system, where it is associated with glutamatergic signaling, and it is widely involved in inflammatory processes. Thus, diseases involving copper(Ⅱ) dyshomeostasis often have neurological symptoms, as exemplified by Alzheimer's and other diseases(such as Parkinson's and Wilson's diseases). Moreover, imbalanced copper ion concentrations have also been associated with diabetes and certain types of cancer, including glioma. In this paper, we propose a comprehensive overview of recent results that show the importance of these metal ions in several pathologies, mainly Alzheimer's disease, through the lens of the development and use of copper chelators as research compounds and potential therapeutics if included in multi-target hybrid drugs. Seeing how copper homeostasis is important for the well-being of animals as well as humans, we shortly describe the state of the art regarding the effects of copper and its chelators in agriculture, livestock rearing, and aquaculture, as ingredients for the formulation of feed supplements as well as to prevent the effects of pollution on animal productions.

Present and prospect of transarterial chemoembolization combined with tyrosine kinase inhibitor and PD-1 inhibitor for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma

In this editorial,we comment on the article(World J Gastrointest Oncol 2024;16:1236-1247),which is a retrospective study of transarterial chemoembolization(TACE)combined with multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor(TKI)and programmed cell death protein-1(PD-1)inhibitor for the treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Herein,we focus specifically on the mechanisms of this triple therapy,administration sequence and selection of each medication,and implications for future clinical trials.Based on the interaction mechanisms between medications,the triple therapy of TACE+TKI+PD-1 is proposed to complement the deficiency of each monotherapy,and achieve synergistic antitumor effects.Although this triple therapy has been evaluated by several retrospective trials,it is still controversial whether the triple therapy achieves better clinical benefits,due to the flawed study design and heterogeneity in medications.In addition,the administration sequence,which may greatly affect the clinical benefit,needs to be fully considered at clinical decision-making for obtaining better prognosis.We hope that this editorial could contribute to the design and optimization of future trials.

远志在神经系统退行性疾病中的研究进展

中药远志具有改善记忆、保护神经、抗痴呆等功效,不仅是古代名医治疗痴呆病症的高频药物,也常用于阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病、肌萎缩性侧索硬化症、颅脑损伤、癫痫、脑缺血等神经系统退行性疾病的临床治疗和研究。远志可通过减少异常蛋白沉积、降低炎症因子释放、减轻氧化应激损伤、调控神经递质等机制发挥保护神经元、改善认知障碍及其他症状的作用。因此,全面了解远志在神经系统退行性疾病中的作用机制,可以为疾病的治疗及药物研发提供新思路。

对药“远志-酸枣仁”中CaMKⅡ调控成分的虚拟筛选及抗癫痫活性的研究

目的对“远志-酸枣仁”中潜在作用于钙/钙调蛋白依赖性蛋白激酶Ⅱ(calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinaseⅡ,CaMKⅡ)靶点的活性物质进行筛选,阐明其药效物质基础。方法采用以药效团为基础的虚拟筛选手段,通过收集已出版文献中报道的具有调控CaMKⅡ作用的化合物信息,建立基于CaMKⅡ配体的HipHop药效团模型,收集文献中报道的“远志-酸枣仁”中的成分并建立化合物库,对“远志-酸枣仁”中的成分与药效团进行匹配,随后使用分子模拟对接手段对匹配到的小分子化合物与CaMKⅡ靶点(PDB ID:2V7O)进行对接,研究潜在活性单体与CaMKⅡ的作用。用戊四唑(pentylenetetrazol,PTZ)点燃模型对活性单体细叶远志苷A(39)的抗癫痫作用进行测定,并对CaMKⅡ水平的调控作用进行评价。结论通过文献检索建立包含“远志-酸枣仁”中109种化学成分的化合物库,通过测试集验证确定将药效团03用于对“远志-酸枣仁”化合物库的虚拟筛选,对匹配度排前6位的单体通过分子模拟对接分析其与CaMKⅡ的作用情况,并用抗癫痫动物模型对单体的活性进行评价,化合物39能够在中高剂量下延长PTZ致癫痫发作的潜伏时间,改善PTZ所致的焦虑抑郁样行为,改善PTZ诱导的癫痫发作后脑内尼氏体丢失,提升PTZ所致的CaMKⅡ表达水平降低,提升海马CA1、CA3区及颞叶皮层内CaMKⅡ免疫阳性细胞数量并进一步对nAChR4受体水平进行调控。表明基于虚拟筛选与活性评价手段探讨“远志-酸枣仁”中CaMKⅡ调控作用的成分具有一定的准确性。

基于MaxEnt模型和ArcGIS的山西远志适生区预测研究

目的 预测远志在山西的潜在适生区分布,为远志现有资源的发掘利用及栽培区域的选择提供依据。方法 收集1 102个远志样点(其中远志1 060个、卵叶远志42个)分布信息,结合55个环境因子数据,应用最大熵(MaxEnt)模型和地理信息系统软件ArcGIS分析影响远志适生区分布的主要环境因子。结果 影响远志适生区分布的主要环境因子有植被类型、降水量、温度等。远志在山西省潜在适生区分布主要集中于临汾、吕梁、太原、长治、晋中、运城东南部、忻州西北部、朔州西南部等地。结论 本研究预测的远志和卵叶远志生态适宜性区划可为山西远志种植地区的选择和药材规范化生产提供参考。