This paper presents a model-free adaptive iterative learning control(ILC)scheme called a proportional-type ILC scheme for non-linear systems.The obvious characteristic of the proposed ILC scheme is that we can easily ...This paper presents a model-free adaptive iterative learning control(ILC)scheme called a proportional-type ILC scheme for non-linear systems.The obvious characteristic of the proposed ILC scheme is that we can easily finish the ILC task just utilising the Lipschitz constant of the system.In the proposed ILC scheme,the time-vary learning gain can be produced merely by input and output(I/O)measurements.Moreover,the convergence conclusion can be expressed by the ranges of the pseudo-partial derivative and the learning gain.In actual operation,a reasonable and useful convergence condition by a constant is also provided for selection.At last,the effectiveness of the proposed ILC scheme is shown by simulations.展开更多
A new method for establishing ES cell lines from 129/ter、C57BL/6J mice was set up which was characterized by the murine embryonic fibroblast cell(MEF) feeder, the medium of rat heart cell-conditioned medium(RH-CM)for...A new method for establishing ES cell lines from 129/ter、C57BL/6J mice was set up which was characterized by the murine embryonic fibroblast cell(MEF) feeder, the medium of rat heart cell-conditioned medium(RH-CM)for ES cells, and the consecutive digestion by the digestion liquid containing 1% serum. Every group of improved experiments was done with a control of routine method. The results showed that, compared with routine method, the improved way increased the ratio of ES cell lines of 129/ter mice from 11.8% to 33.3%, and of C57BL/6J from 3.7% to 13.3%. The difference is distinct. The passage culture of ES cells showed that, compared with medium added LIF, RH-CM not only inhibited the differentiation of murine ES cells, maintained its dipoild karyotype, but also promote its adherence growth. This kind of culture condition not only maintained the ES cells in an undifferentiated state and their normal dipoild karyotype, but also a series of other characteristics of totipotent embryonic stem cells during extended culture period.展开更多
In order to study the effects of controlled release nitrogen fertilizer （CRNF） application on rapeseed, a simulated experiment was carried out with 3 types of paddy soils in Dongting Lake area for 4 consecutive year...In order to study the effects of controlled release nitrogen fertilizer （CRNF） application on rapeseed, a simulated experiment was carried out with 3 types of paddy soils in Dongting Lake area for 4 consecutive years of applying CRNF under double rice cropping system after planting rapeseed crop in the fallow season. The effects of CRNF application on rapeseed yield, agronomic characters and soil fertility were studied in this paper. The results showed that CRNF application improved the growth of rapeseed plant and increased rapeseed yield of CRNF treatments in the purple calcareous clayed paddy soil （PCS） and alluvial loamy paddy soil （ALS） which respectively increased by 12.2% and 9.8% compared with applying urea, re- spectively. The rapeseed yield in 70% CRNF treatment obviously decreased com- pared with urea treatment. The contents of available N and organic carbon in soil increased by 25.0% and 3.2% in CRNF treatment in the ALS after rapeseed crop, respectively; and available N increased by 13.5% in the PCS. Both rapeseed yield and soil fertility in CRNF treatment and 70% CRNF treatment were lower than those in CK treatment in the reddish yellow clayed paddy soil （RYS）. The results al- so indicated that the functions of CRNF application on rapeseed yield increase and soil nitrogen fertility improvement were very obvious in the PCS and ALS.展开更多
目的:通过检测Ter细胞在不同发病阶段胶原诱导性关节炎(collagen-induced arthritis,CIA)小鼠脾脏中的数量变化及高峰期CIA小鼠脾脏Ter细胞与关节评分和T、B细胞亚群比例的相关性,探讨Ter细胞在CIA发生和发展中的作用,从而进一步深入理...目的:通过检测Ter细胞在不同发病阶段胶原诱导性关节炎(collagen-induced arthritis,CIA)小鼠脾脏中的数量变化及高峰期CIA小鼠脾脏Ter细胞与关节评分和T、B细胞亚群比例的相关性,探讨Ter细胞在CIA发生和发展中的作用,从而进一步深入理解类风湿关节炎的发病机制。方法: 6~8周的DBA/1小鼠进行CIA模型的诱导,二次免疫后开始对CIA小鼠进行关节评分。根据发病时间和关节评分将CIA分为发病早期、高峰期、晚期三个阶段。发病高峰期小鼠根据最终关节评分再分为高评分组(>8分)和低评分组(≤8分),流式细胞术检测na ve小鼠和各个阶段CIA小鼠脾脏中Ter细胞比例及发病高峰期CIA小鼠脾脏T、B 细胞亚群比例,并进行关联分析。结果:发病高峰期CIA小鼠脾脏Ter细胞比例较na ve小鼠明显升高(8.522%±2.645% vs . 1.937%±0.725%, P < 0.01),高评分组小鼠脾脏Ter细胞比例明显低于低评分组(6.217%±0.841% vs . 10.827%±0.917%, P < 0.01 )。高评分组小鼠脾脏Th1细胞比例明显高于低评分组(1.337%±0.110% vs . 0.727%±0.223%, P < 0.05 ),高评分组小鼠脾脏Th17细胞比例高于低评分组(0.750%±0.171% vs . 0.477%±0.051%, P =0.099),高评分组小鼠脾脏生发中心B(germinal center B,GC-B)细胞比例明显高于低评分组(1.243%±0.057% vs . 1.097%±0.015%, P < 0.05 )。相关性分析结果显示,发病高峰期CIA小鼠脾脏Ter细胞比例与CD4 + T、Th1、Th17、GC-B细胞比例均呈强负相关,与B10细胞比例呈强正相关,相关性均有统计学意义,提示这群细胞在CIA中可能具有保护作用。动态变化研究显示,随着疾病进展,发病晚期CIA小鼠脾脏Ter细胞比例较高峰期明显降低(0.917%± 0.588% vs . 8.522%±2.645%, P <0.001),进一步提示这群细胞在关节炎中的保护作用。结论: Ter细胞在发病高峰期CIA小鼠脾脏中明显增加,与小鼠关节评分及致病性免疫细胞比例呈负相关,与保护性免疫细胞比例呈正相关,发病晚期CIA小鼠Ter细胞比例明显降低,提示Ter细胞可能作为一种保护性细胞参与类风湿关节炎的发生和发展,但其具体作用及机制仍需后续进一步的体内及体外实验验证。展开更多
The wide-precision planting pattern has become widely used in the North China Plain as a practice for increasing wheat yield.However,the effects of tilled ng developme nt and light tran smissi on within can opy on whe...The wide-precision planting pattern has become widely used in the North China Plain as a practice for increasing wheat yield.However,the effects of tilled ng developme nt and light tran smissi on within can opy on wheat yield un der differe nt sowi ng widths have not bee n clearly described.Therefore,a two-year experime nt was con ducted,in cludi ng four different seeding widths(6 cm,W6;8 cm,W8;10 cm,W10;12 cm,W12)and the traditional planting pattern with seeding width of 4 cm(W4).The results indicated mainly positive effects by the reduced intraspecific competition,specifically all three yield components of W6 and W8 were higher than those for W4.The configurations with more than 10-cm seeding width were mainly affected by the negative effect of a relative homogeneous canopy,leading to the weakened light transmission,leaf senescence,and reduced grain number per spike.Finally,the yields of W6 and W8 were significantly higher than that of W4,whereas the yield in W12 was lower(though not significantly)than W4.In wheat production,therefore,the appropriate seeding width of 6-8 cm is recommended for farmers,whereas the too wide seeding width,with more than 10 cm,should be avoided.展开更多
文摘This paper presents a model-free adaptive iterative learning control(ILC)scheme called a proportional-type ILC scheme for non-linear systems.The obvious characteristic of the proposed ILC scheme is that we can easily finish the ILC task just utilising the Lipschitz constant of the system.In the proposed ILC scheme,the time-vary learning gain can be produced merely by input and output(I/O)measurements.Moreover,the convergence conclusion can be expressed by the ranges of the pseudo-partial derivative and the learning gain.In actual operation,a reasonable and useful convergence condition by a constant is also provided for selection.At last,the effectiveness of the proposed ILC scheme is shown by simulations.
文摘A new method for establishing ES cell lines from 129/ter、C57BL/6J mice was set up which was characterized by the murine embryonic fibroblast cell(MEF) feeder, the medium of rat heart cell-conditioned medium(RH-CM)for ES cells, and the consecutive digestion by the digestion liquid containing 1% serum. Every group of improved experiments was done with a control of routine method. The results showed that, compared with routine method, the improved way increased the ratio of ES cell lines of 129/ter mice from 11.8% to 33.3%, and of C57BL/6J from 3.7% to 13.3%. The difference is distinct. The passage culture of ES cells showed that, compared with medium added LIF, RH-CM not only inhibited the differentiation of murine ES cells, maintained its dipoild karyotype, but also promote its adherence growth. This kind of culture condition not only maintained the ES cells in an undifferentiated state and their normal dipoild karyotype, but also a series of other characteristics of totipotent embryonic stem cells during extended culture period.
基金Supported by National Key Technology R&D Program Project in the 12~(th) Five-Year Plan:The 3~(rd) Hunan Special Project of Grain Bumper Science and Technology "The Integration and Demonstration of High-yield,Water-saving and Fertilizer-saving Techniques in the South Rice Area of Middle Reaches of Yangtze"(2013BAD07B11)Agro-scientific Research Programs in Public Interest "Study on the Change of Soil Fertility and Fertility Techniques in the Major Grain Producing Areas and the Demonstration"(201203030)International Cooperation Project"Study on the Efficient Nutrient Management Technology of Modern Double Cropping Rice in Hunan Province"(IPNI Hunan-18)~~
文摘In order to study the effects of controlled release nitrogen fertilizer （CRNF） application on rapeseed, a simulated experiment was carried out with 3 types of paddy soils in Dongting Lake area for 4 consecutive years of applying CRNF under double rice cropping system after planting rapeseed crop in the fallow season. The effects of CRNF application on rapeseed yield, agronomic characters and soil fertility were studied in this paper. The results showed that CRNF application improved the growth of rapeseed plant and increased rapeseed yield of CRNF treatments in the purple calcareous clayed paddy soil （PCS） and alluvial loamy paddy soil （ALS） which respectively increased by 12.2% and 9.8% compared with applying urea, re- spectively. The rapeseed yield in 70% CRNF treatment obviously decreased com- pared with urea treatment. The contents of available N and organic carbon in soil increased by 25.0% and 3.2% in CRNF treatment in the ALS after rapeseed crop, respectively; and available N increased by 13.5% in the PCS. Both rapeseed yield and soil fertility in CRNF treatment and 70% CRNF treatment were lower than those in CK treatment in the reddish yellow clayed paddy soil （RYS）. The results al- so indicated that the functions of CRNF application on rapeseed yield increase and soil nitrogen fertility improvement were very obvious in the PCS and ALS.
文摘目的:通过检测Ter细胞在不同发病阶段胶原诱导性关节炎(collagen-induced arthritis,CIA)小鼠脾脏中的数量变化及高峰期CIA小鼠脾脏Ter细胞与关节评分和T、B细胞亚群比例的相关性,探讨Ter细胞在CIA发生和发展中的作用,从而进一步深入理解类风湿关节炎的发病机制。方法: 6~8周的DBA/1小鼠进行CIA模型的诱导,二次免疫后开始对CIA小鼠进行关节评分。根据发病时间和关节评分将CIA分为发病早期、高峰期、晚期三个阶段。发病高峰期小鼠根据最终关节评分再分为高评分组(>8分)和低评分组(≤8分),流式细胞术检测na ve小鼠和各个阶段CIA小鼠脾脏中Ter细胞比例及发病高峰期CIA小鼠脾脏T、B 细胞亚群比例,并进行关联分析。结果:发病高峰期CIA小鼠脾脏Ter细胞比例较na ve小鼠明显升高(8.522%±2.645% vs . 1.937%±0.725%, P < 0.01),高评分组小鼠脾脏Ter细胞比例明显低于低评分组(6.217%±0.841% vs . 10.827%±0.917%, P < 0.01 )。高评分组小鼠脾脏Th1细胞比例明显高于低评分组(1.337%±0.110% vs . 0.727%±0.223%, P < 0.05 ),高评分组小鼠脾脏Th17细胞比例高于低评分组(0.750%±0.171% vs . 0.477%±0.051%, P =0.099),高评分组小鼠脾脏生发中心B(germinal center B,GC-B)细胞比例明显高于低评分组(1.243%±0.057% vs . 1.097%±0.015%, P < 0.05 )。相关性分析结果显示,发病高峰期CIA小鼠脾脏Ter细胞比例与CD4 + T、Th1、Th17、GC-B细胞比例均呈强负相关,与B10细胞比例呈强正相关,相关性均有统计学意义,提示这群细胞在CIA中可能具有保护作用。动态变化研究显示,随着疾病进展,发病晚期CIA小鼠脾脏Ter细胞比例较高峰期明显降低(0.917%± 0.588% vs . 8.522%±2.645%, P <0.001),进一步提示这群细胞在关节炎中的保护作用。结论: Ter细胞在发病高峰期CIA小鼠脾脏中明显增加,与小鼠关节评分及致病性免疫细胞比例呈负相关,与保护性免疫细胞比例呈正相关,发病晚期CIA小鼠Ter细胞比例明显降低,提示Ter细胞可能作为一种保护性细胞参与类风湿关节炎的发生和发展,但其具体作用及机制仍需后续进一步的体内及体外实验验证。
基金This work was supported by the Special Fund for Agroscientific Research in the Public Interest,China(201503130).
文摘The wide-precision planting pattern has become widely used in the North China Plain as a practice for increasing wheat yield.However,the effects of tilled ng developme nt and light tran smissi on within can opy on wheat yield un der differe nt sowi ng widths have not bee n clearly described.Therefore,a two-year experime nt was con ducted,in cludi ng four different seeding widths(6 cm,W6;8 cm,W8;10 cm,W10;12 cm,W12)and the traditional planting pattern with seeding width of 4 cm(W4).The results indicated mainly positive effects by the reduced intraspecific competition,specifically all three yield components of W6 and W8 were higher than those for W4.The configurations with more than 10-cm seeding width were mainly affected by the negative effect of a relative homogeneous canopy,leading to the weakened light transmission,leaf senescence,and reduced grain number per spike.Finally,the yields of W6 and W8 were significantly higher than that of W4,whereas the yield in W12 was lower(though not significantly)than W4.In wheat production,therefore,the appropriate seeding width of 6-8 cm is recommended for farmers,whereas the too wide seeding width,with more than 10 cm,should be avoided.
