The high strength easily biodegradable pollutants (represented by COD E) are strong inhibitors of terephthalic acid (TA) anaerobic biodegradation. At the same time, TA can inhibit easily biodegradable pollutants remo...The high strength easily biodegradable pollutants (represented by COD E) are strong inhibitors of terephthalic acid (TA) anaerobic biodegradation. At the same time, TA can inhibit easily biodegradable pollutants removal under anaerobic conditions to a limited extent. This mutual inhibition could happen and cause a low removal efficiency of both TA and COD E, when the effluent from TA workshops containing TA and easily biodegradable pollutants are treated by a single anaerobic reactor system. Based upon the treatment kinetics analysis of both TA degradation and COD E removal, a two stage up flow anaerobic sludge blanket and up flow fixed film reactor(UASB UAFF) system for dealing with this kind of wastewater was developed and run successfully at laboratory scale. An UASB reactor with the methanogenic consortium as the first stage removes the easily biodegradable pollutants(COD E). An UAFF reactor as the second stage is mainly in charge of TA degradation. At a COD E loading of 15.3 g/(L\5d) and a TA loading of 1.4 g/(L\5d), HRT 18.5h, the COD E and TA removal rate of the system reached 89.2% and 71.6%, respectively.展开更多
As the characteristic pollutant, terephthalic acid(TA)was in charge of 40%—78% of the total COD of terylene artificial silk printing and dyeing wastewater(TPW-water). The studies on biodegradability of TA were conduc...As the characteristic pollutant, terephthalic acid(TA)was in charge of 40%—78% of the total COD of terylene artificial silk printing and dyeing wastewater(TPW-water). The studies on biodegradability of TA were conducted in a serial of activated sludge reactors with TPW-water. TA appeared to be readily biodegradable with removal efficiency over 96.5% under aerobic conditions, hardly biodegradable with removal efficiency below 10% under anoxic conditions and slowly biodegradable with a turnover between 31.4% and 56.0% under anaerobic conditions. TA also accounted for the majority of BOD in TPW-water. The process combined by anoxic, anaerobic and aerobic activated sludge reactor was suitable for TA degradation and TPW-water treatment. Further, the aerobic process was essentially much more effective than the anaerobic or anoxic one to degrade TA in TPW-water.展开更多
The behavior of terephthalic acid (TPA) in anaerobic system has been studied bysemicontinuous bioassays under mesophilic condition with artificial TPA production wastewater. Theeffect of different loading rate of TPA ...The behavior of terephthalic acid (TPA) in anaerobic system has been studied bysemicontinuous bioassays under mesophilic condition with artificial TPA production wastewater. Theeffect of different loading rate of TPA on anaerobic digestion was studied under certain CODloading rate. The results showed that the TPA could be degraded anaerobically within a relativelylow range. The degradable concentration of TPA was less than 500 mg/L in the digester, higherconcentration of TPA could not be degraded totally and the rate of degradation might decrease withthe increase of feed amount. The inhibition is related to both loading rate and accumulatedconcentration of TPA in the digesters.展开更多
The biodegradation and toxicity of the purified terephthalic acid(PTA) processing wastewater was researched at NJYZ pilot with the fusant strain Fhhh in the carrier activated sludge process( CASP). Sludge loading ...The biodegradation and toxicity of the purified terephthalic acid(PTA) processing wastewater was researched at NJYZ pilot with the fusant strain Fhhh in the carrier activated sludge process( CASP). Sludge loading rate(SLR) for Fhhh to COD of the wastewater was 1.09 d^-1 and to PTA in the wastewater was 0.29 d^-1. The results of bioassay at the pilot and calculation with software Ebis3 showed that the 48h-LC50 (median lethal concentration) to Daphnia magna for the PTA concentration in the wastewater was only 1/10 of that for the chemical PTA. There were .5 kinds of benzoate pollutants and their toxicities existing in the wastewater at least. The toxicity parameter value of the pure chemical PTA cannot be used to predicate the PTA wastewater toxicity. The toxicity of the NJYZ PTA wastewater will be discussed in detail in this paper.展开更多
Converting polyethylene terephthalate(PET)wastes to its monomer and valuable chemicals via ecofriendly chemical method is still a challenge task.Previously,phase transfer catalysts used for alkaline hydrolysis were so...Converting polyethylene terephthalate(PET)wastes to its monomer and valuable chemicals via ecofriendly chemical method is still a challenge task.Previously,phase transfer catalysts used for alkaline hydrolysis were soluble in reaction media and hardly separated after reaction.Here,we reported several pH-responsive catalysts combined alkyl quaternary ammonium units with heteropolyacid anion for achieving stepwise product/catalyst separation and catalyst recycling.The properties of homogeneous/heterogeneous transfer behavior allow catalyst to be easily separated from reaction media by adjusting of pH value.Among them,[C_(16)H_(33)N(CH_(3))_(3)]_(3)PW_(12)O_(40)(abbreviated as[CTA]_(3)PW)exhibits the highest activity and the most suitable pH responsive values.Such a pH triggered switchable catalytic system not only shows good performance for depolymerization of pure PET,but also some real PET wastes such as coloured trays and PE/PET complex films could be completely degraded into terephthalic acid.Additionally,the reaction kinetics and activation energy of PET alkaline hydrolysis also studied with and without pH-responsive[CTA]_(3)PW.展开更多
Dinitroterephthalic acid (DNTPA) and diaminoterephthalic acid (DATPA) were prepared in 85% and 75% yields, respectively. These compounds were characterized by using FTIR and ^1HNMR. DATPA can be used as a monomer ...Dinitroterephthalic acid (DNTPA) and diaminoterephthalic acid (DATPA) were prepared in 85% and 75% yields, respectively. These compounds were characterized by using FTIR and ^1HNMR. DATPA can be used as a monomer for the preparation of polyesters and polyamides. 2009 H. Migbani. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Chinese Chemical Society. All rights reserved.展开更多
To provide more information for rational evaluation of potential risks of terephthalic acid (TPA), we studied the effects of TPA on rats' bladders in 90 days after TPA exposure. Methods Sprague Dawley rats were sub...To provide more information for rational evaluation of potential risks of terephthalic acid (TPA), we studied the effects of TPA on rats' bladders in 90 days after TPA exposure. Methods Sprague Dawley rats were subdivided into five groups, ingesting 0 %, 0.04 %, 0.2 %, 1%, and 5 % TPA respectively for a sub-chronic feeding study lasting for 90 days. Urine, serum and samples of brain, liver, lung, kidney, bladder, etc. were collected and analyzed. Results TPA ingesting decreased the value of urinary pH, and increased the contents of Ca^2+, Zn^2+, Mg^2+, Na^+, K^+ in urine. The volume of 24 h urine was significantly increased in male rats in the 1% and 5 % TPA groups. Urinary white sediment was found in both sexes, and its formation in male rats seemed more susceptible than that in female rats. Alpha 2u-globulin (AUG) in serum and urine of male rats was markedly increased in a dose-dependent manner. Fifteen cases of hyperplasia (simple or atypical) were determined in the 5 % TPA ingesting group, 14/52 in male rats and 1/23 in female rats. Among them 3 male rats had no stone or calculus. Those with either bladder stones or hyperplasia were accompanied with urinary white sediments. Conclusion White sediment accompanied with elevated urine AUG is the basis of TPA induced urolith formation, and is also associated with TPA induced bladder epithelial cell proliferation. It can act as an early biomarker for the potential toxic effect of TPA.展开更多
A Spectrofluorimetric method has been developed for the determination ofterbium(Ⅲ) based on the formation of a complex with terephthalic acid [benzene-1, 4-dicarboxylicacid (TPA)] in slightly acidic aqueous solution ...A Spectrofluorimetric method has been developed for the determination ofterbium(Ⅲ) based on the formation of a complex with terephthalic acid [benzene-1, 4-dicarboxylicacid (TPA)] in slightly acidic aqueous solution in the presence of gelatin. Terbium ion can form astable complex with TPA with the stoichiometry of 1:2. The best excitation and maximum emissionwavelengths are observed at 260 nm and 545 nm, respectively. The fluorescence intensity of terbiumcomplex gets the strongest within 20 min and remains stable up to 10 h, and it is proportional toterbium(Ⅲ) concentration in the range of 4.0x10^(-5)-1.6x10^(-7) mol·L^(-1) under the optimumconditions. The fluorescence system has good selectivity, sensitivity and stability. The relativestandard deviation is still within +-4% in the presence of 1200-fold amounts of the other lanthanideions when the concentration of terbium(Ⅲ) is 1.0x10^(-6) mol·L^(-1) and common co-existing ionshardly interfere the determination. It has been applied to the direct fluorimetric determination oftrace terbium (Ⅲ) in rare earth ores and oxides.展开更多
Terephthalic acid,2,5-furandicarboxylic acid and 1,8-octanediol were adopted as monomers and antimony trioxide as catalyst,and poly(terephthalic acid-2,5-furandicarboxylic acid-1,8-octanediol) copolyesters identified ...Terephthalic acid,2,5-furandicarboxylic acid and 1,8-octanediol were adopted as monomers and antimony trioxide as catalyst,and poly(terephthalic acid-2,5-furandicarboxylic acid-1,8-octanediol) copolyesters identified as PEOT-x,where x is the mole fraction of furandicarboxylic acid in the samples,were synthesized by direct esterification.The molecular structure of the copolyesters was characterized by FTIR and 1H NMR spectroscopy.Gel permeation chromatography (GPC),differential scanning calorimetry (DSC),and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were used to characterize the molecular weight,molar mass dispersity,glass transition temperature,and thermal stability of the copolyesters,respectively.The mechanical properties of the samples were also investigated.The number-average molecular weight (M_(n)) of the samples varies from 9 700-18 800 g/mol,and molar mass dispersity (■=M_(w)/M_(n)) from 2.15-3.34.The initial decomposition temperature of the copolyesters is in the 332-356 ℃ range,with maximum decomposition rates at 390-410 ℃,while the glass transition temperature (Tg) varies from 0-33 ℃.Mechanical test shows that PEOT-10 has the highest tensile strength,while PEOT-90 has the largest tensile modulus and elongation at break.The experimental results show that these copolyesters can be synthesized with relatively high molecular weights,good thermal stability,and fair mechanical properties,which makes them excellent replacements for commercial polyesters,such as PET,and these properties can be tuned through the relative amounts of biomass monomer 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid used in the reactions.展开更多
Solvothermal reaction of Pb(NO3)2·6H2O with rigid linear ligand terephthalic acid(H2pta) in N,N-dimethylformamide(DMF) produced a new three-dimensional(3D) lead(Ⅱ)coordination polymer[Pb2(pta)1.5(μ...Solvothermal reaction of Pb(NO3)2·6H2O with rigid linear ligand terephthalic acid(H2pta) in N,N-dimethylformamide(DMF) produced a new three-dimensional(3D) lead(Ⅱ)coordination polymer[Pb2(pta)1.5(μ4-OH)(DMF)]n 1,and its structure was characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses.In polymer 1,the μ4-OH bridges the nearby lead(Ⅱ) ions into an infinite one-dimensional(1D) chain,and then the organic ligand pta^2- joins the neighbored chains into a 3D structure by two similar connection modes in different configurations.The solid-state photoluminescent studies revealed that 1 exhibits a strong greenish emission mainly originating from ligand-to-metal charge transfer between the delocalized π bonds of the aromatic carboxylate ligand pta^2- and the p orbitals of the Pb^2+ centers.展开更多
Objective To study the effect of terephthalic acid (TPA) on lipid metabolism in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Methods Five groups of SD rats that ingested 0%, 0.04%, 0.2%, 1%, and 5% TPA, respectively, were included i...Objective To study the effect of terephthalic acid (TPA) on lipid metabolism in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Methods Five groups of SD rats that ingested 0%, 0.04%, 0.2%, 1%, and 5% TPA, respectively, were included in a 90-day subchronic feeding study. Effects of TPA on levels of serum protein, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), total antioxidative capability (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were observed. Urine samples were collected and analyzed for concentration of ion. Results TPA decreased the level of serum T-AOC in a dose dependent manner. The contents of serum and bladder MDA significantly decreased in 1% and 5% TPA ingestion groups. Serum CuZn superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD) lowered in groups of 0.2%, 1%, and 5% TPA. TPA subchronic feeding had no significant influences on serum TC, LDL or HDL, but increased serum TG, TP and ALB after administration of 0.04% and/or 0.2% TPA. Concentrations of urinary Ca^2+, Mg^2+, Na^+, and K^+ were elevated in 1% and 5% TPA groups. Conclusion Antioxidative potential decreased after TPA exposure. MDAincrease in serum and bladder tissues was one of the most important reactions in rats which could protect themselves against TPA impairment. The decrease of serum CuZnSOD was related to the excretion of Zn^2+.展开更多
The fungi Phanerochaete chrysosporium (PC) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae Y99 and the native bacterium YZ1 were the three parental strains for construction of hybrid cells through protoplast fusion to degrade te...The fungi Phanerochaete chrysosporium (PC) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae Y99 and the native bacterium YZ1 were the three parental strains for construction of hybrid cells through protoplast fusion to degrade terephthalic acid (TPA) wastewater. The results showed that the native bacterium YZ1 protoplasm could integrate with that of PC to form the hybrid cell Fhh and the fungus Y99 protoplasm also could integrate with that of Fhh to form the hybrid cell Fhhh. The protoplasts of YZ1 and Y99 could change the morphology of PC spore and mycelium for two times. The hybrid cell Fhhh got the best growth and degradation abilities in the wastewater. It suggested that the hybrid strains obtained from the inter\|kingdom protoplast fusion of the three parental strains could create potential for the purification of TPA wastewater.展开更多
Objective To investgate the metabolism of terephthalic acid (TPA) in rats and its mechanism. Methods Metabolism was evaluated by incubating sodium terephthalate (NaTPA) with rat normal liver microsomes, or with mi...Objective To investgate the metabolism of terephthalic acid (TPA) in rats and its mechanism. Methods Metabolism was evaluated by incubating sodium terephthalate (NaTPA) with rat normal liver microsomes, or with microsomes pretreated by phenobarbital sodium, or with 3-methycholanthrene, or with diet control following a NADPH-generating system. The determination was performed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and the mutagenic activation was analyzed by umu tester strain Salmonella typhimurium NM2009. Expression of CYP4B 1 mRNA was detected by RT-PCR. Results The amount of NaTPA (12.5-200 μmol-L^1) detected by HPLC did not decrease in microsomes induced by NADPH-generating system. Incubation of TPA (0.025-0.1 mmol-L^-1) with induced or noninduced liver microsomes in an NM2009 umu response system did not show any mutagenic activation. TPA exposure increased the expression of CYP4B1 mRNA in rat liver, kidney, and bladder. Contusion Lack of metabolism of TPA in liver and negative genotoxic data from NM2009 study are consistent with other previous short-term tests, suggesting that the carcinogenesis in TPA feeding animals is not directly interfered with TPA itself and/or its metabolites.展开更多
The seed sludge originated from a methane fermentation reactor was enriched and acclimated with TA as sole carbon source under nitrate respiration mode first for 6 week, and then can be turned to methane fermentation ...The seed sludge originated from a methane fermentation reactor was enriched and acclimated with TA as sole carbon source under nitrate respiration mode first for 6 week, and then can be turned to methane fermentation conditions. After 6 weeks processing, the specific rate of TA degradation under nitrate respiration mode reached 23.8 mgTA/(L·gVSS), more than two times of that under methane fermentation mode 11.4 mg TA/(L·gVSS). The TA reductive cleavers' population density increased about 6 times and 20 times after 30 days and 90 days acclimation. After a total of 90 days for the enrichment and acclimation, the fermentative bacteria which originally existed in the seed sludge nearly disappeared, and instead of them, the TA reductive and cleaving bacteria group was formed in the new consortia, which was confirmed by the MPN counts and roll tube counts. Compared with the control experiment, the acclimation period can be shortened by about 50%.展开更多
Aromatics have a broad application in our everyday life ranging from plastics, coatings and fibres, to food and pharmaceuticals. To date the bulk of these aromatics is derived from naphtha-based pet-rochemistry. Howev...Aromatics have a broad application in our everyday life ranging from plastics, coatings and fibres, to food and pharmaceuticals. To date the bulk of these aromatics is derived from naphtha-based pet-rochemistry. However, recent progress in the fermentative production of metabolites using renew-able resources and engineered microbes has enabled the production of bio-precursors, such as 4-amino benzoic acid (pABA) and 2-amino benzoic acid (oABA). In this work we explored the feasibility of Sandmeyer reactions for the conversion of pABA to terephthalic and oABA salicylic acid, providing two very important platform chemicals for the chemical and pharmaceutical industries. We could demonstrate that both acids can be obtained from the amino benzoic acids derived from the shikimate pathway in microbes and plants. Good conversions could be achieved using Sandmeyer reactions at mild conditions with biodegradable reagents and without organic solvents.展开更多
Thermotropic liquid crystalline VHE terpolyesters made from vanillic acid (V),p-hydroxybenzoic acid (H) and poly(ethylene terephthalate) (E) were studied by 400 MHz NMR spectra, wide angle X-ray diffraction,scanning e...Thermotropic liquid crystalline VHE terpolyesters made from vanillic acid (V),p-hydroxybenzoic acid (H) and poly(ethylene terephthalate) (E) were studied by 400 MHz NMR spectra, wide angle X-ray diffraction,scanning electron and polarizing microscopes.It was found that the VHE terpolyesters had random sequence distribution.The VHE terpolyester films exhibited highly oriented fibrillar structure.展开更多
A novel manganiferous polymeric complex [(imid)2(ta)Mn0.5]n (imid = imidazole, ta = terephthalato) was synthesized by the hydrothermal reaction of MnO2, terephthalic acid, imidazole, and H2O. Structure analysis indica...A novel manganiferous polymeric complex [(imid)2(ta)Mn0.5]n (imid = imidazole, ta = terephthalato) was synthesized by the hydrothermal reaction of MnO2, terephthalic acid, imidazole, and H2O. Structure analysis indicates that the compound crystallizes in the triclinic system, space group P1, with a = 8.1500(16), b = 8.5100(17), c = 9.0500(18) ?, α = 72.77(3), β = 65.50(3), γ = 77.22(3)o, V = 542.02(19) ?3, Z = 2, Dc = 1.505 g/cm3, F(000) = 253, Mr = 245.69, μ(MoKα) = 0.655 mm-1, R = 0.0733 and wR = 0.1703 for 1673 observed reflections (I > 2σ(I)). The compound is characteristic of a zigzag chain-like framework built up of ta bridge and (Imid)4Mn group. The 1-D frameworks are held together by H-bonds between the dangling N–H donors from imid and O acceptors from ta.展开更多
Two new coordination polymers,[Zn(bdc)(1,3-bimb)]n(1) and {[Mn2(ox)2(1,3,5tib)4/3]·4H2O}n(2)(H2ox = oxalic acid,H2bdc = terephthalic acid,1,3-bimb = 1,3-bis(imidazol-1ylmethyl)benzene,1,3,5-tib = 1...Two new coordination polymers,[Zn(bdc)(1,3-bimb)]n(1) and {[Mn2(ox)2(1,3,5tib)4/3]·4H2O}n(2)(H2ox = oxalic acid,H2bdc = terephthalic acid,1,3-bimb = 1,3-bis(imidazol-1ylmethyl)benzene,1,3,5-tib = 1,3,5-tri(imidazol-1-yl)benzene),were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis,IR,powder X-ray diffraction(PXRD),and thermogravimetric(TG) analyses.X-ray diffracation analysis reveals that two kinds of zigzag chains [Zn(bdc)]n and [Zn(1,3-bimb)]n in compound 1 are interweaved to form a 3D 4-fold interpenetrated 66-dia framework.In compound 2,Mn(1) and Mn(2) are linked via 1,3,5-tib ligands to form two different nets of [Mn6(1,3,5-tib)6 ]n along the ab plane with inner-or outer-shape N–Mn–N angles,which are connected by 1D infinite [Mn2(ox)2 ]n chains via Mn–O bonds to result in a(3,3,3,4,4)-connected(4·8·10)3(4·82)3(4·83·102)6(82·104·3)3(83)4 topology.Moreover,the photoluminescence of 1 has been investigated.The crystal of 1 crystallizes in orthorhombic,space group Pna2 with a = 13.2267(6),b = 9.1717(4),c = 17.4492(8),V = 2116.79(16)3,Z = 4,C22 H18N4O4 Zn,Mr = 467.77,Dc = 1.468 g/cm3,F(000) = 960 and μ(MoKα) = 1.197 mm-1.The final R = 0.0280 and wR = 0.0618 for 3695 observed reflections with I 2(I) and R = 0.0389 and wR = 0.0653 for all data.The crystal of 2 crystallizes in rhombohedral,space group R-3 with a = 22.080(8),c = 31.19(2),V = 13167(11) 3,Z = 18,C24 H25 Mn2 N8 O13,Mr = 743.40,Dc = 1.688 g/cm3,F(000) = 6822 and μ(MoKα) = 0.945 mm-1.The final R = 0.0429 and wR = 0.1035 for 5160 observed reflections with I 2(I) and R = 0.0824 and wR = 0.1244 for all data.展开更多
Ebis is the intelligent environmental biotechnological informatics software developed for judging the effectiveness of the microorganism strain in the industrial wastewater treatment system(IWTS) at the optimal status...Ebis is the intelligent environmental biotechnological informatics software developed for judging the effectiveness of the microorganism strain in the industrial wastewater treatment system(IWTS) at the optimal status. The parameter, as the objective function for the judgment, is the minimum reactor volume( V _ min ) calculated by Ebis for microorganism required in wastewater treatment. The rationality and the universality of Ebis were demonstrated in the domestic sewage treatment system(DSTS) with the data published in USA and China at first,then Fhhh strain's potential for treating the purified terephthalic acid(PTA) was proved. It suggests that Ebis would be useful and universal for predicating the technique effectiveness in both DSTS and IWTS.展开更多
Chelate tetra(acetylacetonato) tin(Ⅳ) was prepared and used as catalyst for polytrimethylene terephthalate synthesis.It exhibited higher catalytic activity than tetrabutyl titanate,butyltinhydroxide oxide and dibutyl...Chelate tetra(acetylacetonato) tin(Ⅳ) was prepared and used as catalyst for polytrimethylene terephthalate synthesis.It exhibited higher catalytic activity than tetrabutyl titanate,butyltinhydroxide oxide and dibutyltin oxide.Decrease in reaction time, content of terminal carboxyl group,color intensity and increase in intrinsic viscosity were observed.The unique molecular structure can be considered as factor remarkably improving the catalytic activity of tetra(acetylacetonato) tin(Ⅳ).展开更多
文摘The high strength easily biodegradable pollutants (represented by COD E) are strong inhibitors of terephthalic acid (TA) anaerobic biodegradation. At the same time, TA can inhibit easily biodegradable pollutants removal under anaerobic conditions to a limited extent. This mutual inhibition could happen and cause a low removal efficiency of both TA and COD E, when the effluent from TA workshops containing TA and easily biodegradable pollutants are treated by a single anaerobic reactor system. Based upon the treatment kinetics analysis of both TA degradation and COD E removal, a two stage up flow anaerobic sludge blanket and up flow fixed film reactor(UASB UAFF) system for dealing with this kind of wastewater was developed and run successfully at laboratory scale. An UASB reactor with the methanogenic consortium as the first stage removes the easily biodegradable pollutants(COD E). An UAFF reactor as the second stage is mainly in charge of TA degradation. At a COD E loading of 15.3 g/(L\5d) and a TA loading of 1.4 g/(L\5d), HRT 18.5h, the COD E and TA removal rate of the system reached 89.2% and 71.6%, respectively.
文摘As the characteristic pollutant, terephthalic acid(TA)was in charge of 40%—78% of the total COD of terylene artificial silk printing and dyeing wastewater(TPW-water). The studies on biodegradability of TA were conducted in a serial of activated sludge reactors with TPW-water. TA appeared to be readily biodegradable with removal efficiency over 96.5% under aerobic conditions, hardly biodegradable with removal efficiency below 10% under anoxic conditions and slowly biodegradable with a turnover between 31.4% and 56.0% under anaerobic conditions. TA also accounted for the majority of BOD in TPW-water. The process combined by anoxic, anaerobic and aerobic activated sludge reactor was suitable for TA degradation and TPW-water treatment. Further, the aerobic process was essentially much more effective than the anaerobic or anoxic one to degrade TA in TPW-water.
文摘The behavior of terephthalic acid (TPA) in anaerobic system has been studied bysemicontinuous bioassays under mesophilic condition with artificial TPA production wastewater. Theeffect of different loading rate of TPA on anaerobic digestion was studied under certain CODloading rate. The results showed that the TPA could be degraded anaerobically within a relativelylow range. The degradable concentration of TPA was less than 500 mg/L in the digester, higherconcentration of TPA could not be degraded totally and the rate of degradation might decrease withthe increase of feed amount. The inhibition is related to both loading rate and accumulatedconcentration of TPA in the digesters.
基金Ph.D Fund of the National Education Ministry of China(20030284038) and the Hi-Tech Research and Development Program (863) of China(2001AA216191)
文摘The biodegradation and toxicity of the purified terephthalic acid(PTA) processing wastewater was researched at NJYZ pilot with the fusant strain Fhhh in the carrier activated sludge process( CASP). Sludge loading rate(SLR) for Fhhh to COD of the wastewater was 1.09 d^-1 and to PTA in the wastewater was 0.29 d^-1. The results of bioassay at the pilot and calculation with software Ebis3 showed that the 48h-LC50 (median lethal concentration) to Daphnia magna for the PTA concentration in the wastewater was only 1/10 of that for the chemical PTA. There were .5 kinds of benzoate pollutants and their toxicities existing in the wastewater at least. The toxicity parameter value of the pure chemical PTA cannot be used to predicate the PTA wastewater toxicity. The toxicity of the NJYZ PTA wastewater will be discussed in detail in this paper.
基金the support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22005276)。
文摘Converting polyethylene terephthalate(PET)wastes to its monomer and valuable chemicals via ecofriendly chemical method is still a challenge task.Previously,phase transfer catalysts used for alkaline hydrolysis were soluble in reaction media and hardly separated after reaction.Here,we reported several pH-responsive catalysts combined alkyl quaternary ammonium units with heteropolyacid anion for achieving stepwise product/catalyst separation and catalyst recycling.The properties of homogeneous/heterogeneous transfer behavior allow catalyst to be easily separated from reaction media by adjusting of pH value.Among them,[C_(16)H_(33)N(CH_(3))_(3)]_(3)PW_(12)O_(40)(abbreviated as[CTA]_(3)PW)exhibits the highest activity and the most suitable pH responsive values.Such a pH triggered switchable catalytic system not only shows good performance for depolymerization of pure PET,but also some real PET wastes such as coloured trays and PE/PET complex films could be completely degraded into terephthalic acid.Additionally,the reaction kinetics and activation energy of PET alkaline hydrolysis also studied with and without pH-responsive[CTA]_(3)PW.
文摘Dinitroterephthalic acid (DNTPA) and diaminoterephthalic acid (DATPA) were prepared in 85% and 75% yields, respectively. These compounds were characterized by using FTIR and ^1HNMR. DATPA can be used as a monomer for the preparation of polyesters and polyamides. 2009 H. Migbani. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Chinese Chemical Society. All rights reserved.
文摘To provide more information for rational evaluation of potential risks of terephthalic acid (TPA), we studied the effects of TPA on rats' bladders in 90 days after TPA exposure. Methods Sprague Dawley rats were subdivided into five groups, ingesting 0 %, 0.04 %, 0.2 %, 1%, and 5 % TPA respectively for a sub-chronic feeding study lasting for 90 days. Urine, serum and samples of brain, liver, lung, kidney, bladder, etc. were collected and analyzed. Results TPA ingesting decreased the value of urinary pH, and increased the contents of Ca^2+, Zn^2+, Mg^2+, Na^+, K^+ in urine. The volume of 24 h urine was significantly increased in male rats in the 1% and 5 % TPA groups. Urinary white sediment was found in both sexes, and its formation in male rats seemed more susceptible than that in female rats. Alpha 2u-globulin (AUG) in serum and urine of male rats was markedly increased in a dose-dependent manner. Fifteen cases of hyperplasia (simple or atypical) were determined in the 5 % TPA ingesting group, 14/52 in male rats and 1/23 in female rats. Among them 3 male rats had no stone or calculus. Those with either bladder stones or hyperplasia were accompanied with urinary white sediments. Conclusion White sediment accompanied with elevated urine AUG is the basis of TPA induced urolith formation, and is also associated with TPA induced bladder epithelial cell proliferation. It can act as an early biomarker for the potential toxic effect of TPA.
基金This project is financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province (No.ZR-97-21)
文摘A Spectrofluorimetric method has been developed for the determination ofterbium(Ⅲ) based on the formation of a complex with terephthalic acid [benzene-1, 4-dicarboxylicacid (TPA)] in slightly acidic aqueous solution in the presence of gelatin. Terbium ion can form astable complex with TPA with the stoichiometry of 1:2. The best excitation and maximum emissionwavelengths are observed at 260 nm and 545 nm, respectively. The fluorescence intensity of terbiumcomplex gets the strongest within 20 min and remains stable up to 10 h, and it is proportional toterbium(Ⅲ) concentration in the range of 4.0x10^(-5)-1.6x10^(-7) mol·L^(-1) under the optimumconditions. The fluorescence system has good selectivity, sensitivity and stability. The relativestandard deviation is still within +-4% in the presence of 1200-fold amounts of the other lanthanideions when the concentration of terbium(Ⅲ) is 1.0x10^(-6) mol·L^(-1) and common co-existing ionshardly interfere the determination. It has been applied to the direct fluorimetric determination oftrace terbium (Ⅲ) in rare earth ores and oxides.
基金Funded by the Program (BG20190227001) of High-end Foreign Experts of the State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs (SAFEA)the 2021 Innovative Training Program for College Students in Hubei Province。
文摘Terephthalic acid,2,5-furandicarboxylic acid and 1,8-octanediol were adopted as monomers and antimony trioxide as catalyst,and poly(terephthalic acid-2,5-furandicarboxylic acid-1,8-octanediol) copolyesters identified as PEOT-x,where x is the mole fraction of furandicarboxylic acid in the samples,were synthesized by direct esterification.The molecular structure of the copolyesters was characterized by FTIR and 1H NMR spectroscopy.Gel permeation chromatography (GPC),differential scanning calorimetry (DSC),and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were used to characterize the molecular weight,molar mass dispersity,glass transition temperature,and thermal stability of the copolyesters,respectively.The mechanical properties of the samples were also investigated.The number-average molecular weight (M_(n)) of the samples varies from 9 700-18 800 g/mol,and molar mass dispersity (■=M_(w)/M_(n)) from 2.15-3.34.The initial decomposition temperature of the copolyesters is in the 332-356 ℃ range,with maximum decomposition rates at 390-410 ℃,while the glass transition temperature (Tg) varies from 0-33 ℃.Mechanical test shows that PEOT-10 has the highest tensile strength,while PEOT-90 has the largest tensile modulus and elongation at break.The experimental results show that these copolyesters can be synthesized with relatively high molecular weights,good thermal stability,and fair mechanical properties,which makes them excellent replacements for commercial polyesters,such as PET,and these properties can be tuned through the relative amounts of biomass monomer 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid used in the reactions.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian province(2015J01033)Industry-University Cooperation Key Project of Science and Technology of Fujian Province(2012H6002)
文摘Solvothermal reaction of Pb(NO3)2·6H2O with rigid linear ligand terephthalic acid(H2pta) in N,N-dimethylformamide(DMF) produced a new three-dimensional(3D) lead(Ⅱ)coordination polymer[Pb2(pta)1.5(μ4-OH)(DMF)]n 1,and its structure was characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses.In polymer 1,the μ4-OH bridges the nearby lead(Ⅱ) ions into an infinite one-dimensional(1D) chain,and then the organic ligand pta^2- joins the neighbored chains into a 3D structure by two similar connection modes in different configurations.The solid-state photoluminescent studies revealed that 1 exhibits a strong greenish emission mainly originating from ligand-to-metal charge transfer between the delocalized π bonds of the aromatic carboxylate ligand pta^2- and the p orbitals of the Pb^2+ centers.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30170798), the Preliminary Study of an Important Project in the National Basic Research, MOST (No. 2001CCA04900) and the Greatest Project in the National Basic Research (No. 2002CB512908).
文摘Objective To study the effect of terephthalic acid (TPA) on lipid metabolism in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Methods Five groups of SD rats that ingested 0%, 0.04%, 0.2%, 1%, and 5% TPA, respectively, were included in a 90-day subchronic feeding study. Effects of TPA on levels of serum protein, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), total antioxidative capability (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were observed. Urine samples were collected and analyzed for concentration of ion. Results TPA decreased the level of serum T-AOC in a dose dependent manner. The contents of serum and bladder MDA significantly decreased in 1% and 5% TPA ingestion groups. Serum CuZn superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD) lowered in groups of 0.2%, 1%, and 5% TPA. TPA subchronic feeding had no significant influences on serum TC, LDL or HDL, but increased serum TG, TP and ALB after administration of 0.04% and/or 0.2% TPA. Concentrations of urinary Ca^2+, Mg^2+, Na^+, and K^+ were elevated in 1% and 5% TPA groups. Conclusion Antioxidative potential decreased after TPA exposure. MDAincrease in serum and bladder tissues was one of the most important reactions in rats which could protect themselves against TPA impairment. The decrease of serum CuZnSOD was related to the excretion of Zn^2+.
基金TheNationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChina !(No .395 70 10 1)andNSFofJiangsuProvince (No .BK 990 33)
文摘The fungi Phanerochaete chrysosporium (PC) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae Y99 and the native bacterium YZ1 were the three parental strains for construction of hybrid cells through protoplast fusion to degrade terephthalic acid (TPA) wastewater. The results showed that the native bacterium YZ1 protoplasm could integrate with that of PC to form the hybrid cell Fhh and the fungus Y99 protoplasm also could integrate with that of Fhh to form the hybrid cell Fhhh. The protoplasts of YZ1 and Y99 could change the morphology of PC spore and mycelium for two times. The hybrid cell Fhhh got the best growth and degradation abilities in the wastewater. It suggested that the hybrid strains obtained from the inter\|kingdom protoplast fusion of the three parental strains could create potential for the purification of TPA wastewater.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30170798), the Preliminary Study of an ImportantProject in the National Basic Research, MOST (No. 2001CCA04900) and the Greatest Project in the National Basic Research (No.2002CB512908).
文摘Objective To investgate the metabolism of terephthalic acid (TPA) in rats and its mechanism. Methods Metabolism was evaluated by incubating sodium terephthalate (NaTPA) with rat normal liver microsomes, or with microsomes pretreated by phenobarbital sodium, or with 3-methycholanthrene, or with diet control following a NADPH-generating system. The determination was performed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and the mutagenic activation was analyzed by umu tester strain Salmonella typhimurium NM2009. Expression of CYP4B 1 mRNA was detected by RT-PCR. Results The amount of NaTPA (12.5-200 μmol-L^1) detected by HPLC did not decrease in microsomes induced by NADPH-generating system. Incubation of TPA (0.025-0.1 mmol-L^-1) with induced or noninduced liver microsomes in an NM2009 umu response system did not show any mutagenic activation. TPA exposure increased the expression of CYP4B1 mRNA in rat liver, kidney, and bladder. Contusion Lack of metabolism of TPA in liver and negative genotoxic data from NM2009 study are consistent with other previous short-term tests, suggesting that the carcinogenesis in TPA feeding animals is not directly interfered with TPA itself and/or its metabolites.
文摘The seed sludge originated from a methane fermentation reactor was enriched and acclimated with TA as sole carbon source under nitrate respiration mode first for 6 week, and then can be turned to methane fermentation conditions. After 6 weeks processing, the specific rate of TA degradation under nitrate respiration mode reached 23.8 mgTA/(L·gVSS), more than two times of that under methane fermentation mode 11.4 mg TA/(L·gVSS). The TA reductive cleavers' population density increased about 6 times and 20 times after 30 days and 90 days acclimation. After a total of 90 days for the enrichment and acclimation, the fermentative bacteria which originally existed in the seed sludge nearly disappeared, and instead of them, the TA reductive and cleaving bacteria group was formed in the new consortia, which was confirmed by the MPN counts and roll tube counts. Compared with the control experiment, the acclimation period can be shortened by about 50%.
文摘Aromatics have a broad application in our everyday life ranging from plastics, coatings and fibres, to food and pharmaceuticals. To date the bulk of these aromatics is derived from naphtha-based pet-rochemistry. However, recent progress in the fermentative production of metabolites using renew-able resources and engineered microbes has enabled the production of bio-precursors, such as 4-amino benzoic acid (pABA) and 2-amino benzoic acid (oABA). In this work we explored the feasibility of Sandmeyer reactions for the conversion of pABA to terephthalic and oABA salicylic acid, providing two very important platform chemicals for the chemical and pharmaceutical industries. We could demonstrate that both acids can be obtained from the amino benzoic acids derived from the shikimate pathway in microbes and plants. Good conversions could be achieved using Sandmeyer reactions at mild conditions with biodegradable reagents and without organic solvents.
文摘Thermotropic liquid crystalline VHE terpolyesters made from vanillic acid (V),p-hydroxybenzoic acid (H) and poly(ethylene terephthalate) (E) were studied by 400 MHz NMR spectra, wide angle X-ray diffraction,scanning electron and polarizing microscopes.It was found that the VHE terpolyesters had random sequence distribution.The VHE terpolyester films exhibited highly oriented fibrillar structure.
基金This project was supported by the Key Project of Chinese Ministry of Education and the Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan Province (2002E0004Q)
文摘A novel manganiferous polymeric complex [(imid)2(ta)Mn0.5]n (imid = imidazole, ta = terephthalato) was synthesized by the hydrothermal reaction of MnO2, terephthalic acid, imidazole, and H2O. Structure analysis indicates that the compound crystallizes in the triclinic system, space group P1, with a = 8.1500(16), b = 8.5100(17), c = 9.0500(18) ?, α = 72.77(3), β = 65.50(3), γ = 77.22(3)o, V = 542.02(19) ?3, Z = 2, Dc = 1.505 g/cm3, F(000) = 253, Mr = 245.69, μ(MoKα) = 0.655 mm-1, R = 0.0733 and wR = 0.1703 for 1673 observed reflections (I > 2σ(I)). The compound is characteristic of a zigzag chain-like framework built up of ta bridge and (Imid)4Mn group. The 1-D frameworks are held together by H-bonds between the dangling N–H donors from imid and O acceptors from ta.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(20873150)Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2010BQ023)
文摘Two new coordination polymers,[Zn(bdc)(1,3-bimb)]n(1) and {[Mn2(ox)2(1,3,5tib)4/3]·4H2O}n(2)(H2ox = oxalic acid,H2bdc = terephthalic acid,1,3-bimb = 1,3-bis(imidazol-1ylmethyl)benzene,1,3,5-tib = 1,3,5-tri(imidazol-1-yl)benzene),were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis,IR,powder X-ray diffraction(PXRD),and thermogravimetric(TG) analyses.X-ray diffracation analysis reveals that two kinds of zigzag chains [Zn(bdc)]n and [Zn(1,3-bimb)]n in compound 1 are interweaved to form a 3D 4-fold interpenetrated 66-dia framework.In compound 2,Mn(1) and Mn(2) are linked via 1,3,5-tib ligands to form two different nets of [Mn6(1,3,5-tib)6 ]n along the ab plane with inner-or outer-shape N–Mn–N angles,which are connected by 1D infinite [Mn2(ox)2 ]n chains via Mn–O bonds to result in a(3,3,3,4,4)-connected(4·8·10)3(4·82)3(4·83·102)6(82·104·3)3(83)4 topology.Moreover,the photoluminescence of 1 has been investigated.The crystal of 1 crystallizes in orthorhombic,space group Pna2 with a = 13.2267(6),b = 9.1717(4),c = 17.4492(8),V = 2116.79(16)3,Z = 4,C22 H18N4O4 Zn,Mr = 467.77,Dc = 1.468 g/cm3,F(000) = 960 and μ(MoKα) = 1.197 mm-1.The final R = 0.0280 and wR = 0.0618 for 3695 observed reflections with I 2(I) and R = 0.0389 and wR = 0.0653 for all data.The crystal of 2 crystallizes in rhombohedral,space group R-3 with a = 22.080(8),c = 31.19(2),V = 13167(11) 3,Z = 18,C24 H25 Mn2 N8 O13,Mr = 743.40,Dc = 1.688 g/cm3,F(000) = 6822 and μ(MoKα) = 0.945 mm-1.The final R = 0.0429 and wR = 0.1035 for 5160 observed reflections with I 2(I) and R = 0.0824 and wR = 0.1244 for all data.
文摘Ebis is the intelligent environmental biotechnological informatics software developed for judging the effectiveness of the microorganism strain in the industrial wastewater treatment system(IWTS) at the optimal status. The parameter, as the objective function for the judgment, is the minimum reactor volume( V _ min ) calculated by Ebis for microorganism required in wastewater treatment. The rationality and the universality of Ebis were demonstrated in the domestic sewage treatment system(DSTS) with the data published in USA and China at first,then Fhhh strain's potential for treating the purified terephthalic acid(PTA) was proved. It suggests that Ebis would be useful and universal for predicating the technique effectiveness in both DSTS and IWTS.
基金the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(No. 2003AA321010)the Innovation Research Fund of Graduate University,Chinese Academy of Sciences(2006)
文摘Chelate tetra(acetylacetonato) tin(Ⅳ) was prepared and used as catalyst for polytrimethylene terephthalate synthesis.It exhibited higher catalytic activity than tetrabutyl titanate,butyltinhydroxide oxide and dibutyltin oxide.Decrease in reaction time, content of terminal carboxyl group,color intensity and increase in intrinsic viscosity were observed.The unique molecular structure can be considered as factor remarkably improving the catalytic activity of tetra(acetylacetonato) tin(Ⅳ).