Ag-based nanocatalysts exhibit good catalytic activity for the electrochemical reduction of organic halides. Ag-Ni alloy nanoparticles（NPs） were facilely prepared by chemical reduction, and the as-prepared nanocatal...Ag-based nanocatalysts exhibit good catalytic activity for the electrochemical reduction of organic halides. Ag-Ni alloy nanoparticles（NPs） were facilely prepared by chemical reduction, and the as-prepared nanocatalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The electrocatalytic activity of Ag-Ni NPs for benzyl chloride reduction was studied in organic medium using cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The results show that the addition of Ni element can obviously decrease the size of Ag-Ni NPs, shift the reduction peak potential（φp） of benzyl chloride positively, and increase the catalytic activity of Ag-Ni NPs. However, when the Ni content reaches a certain value, the catalytic activity of Ag-Ni NPs decreases. Meanwhile, the synergistic catalytic effect of Ag-Ni NPs was also discussed.展开更多
Palladium-catalyzed carboxylative Suzuki coupling reactions of benzyl chlorides with allyl pinacol-borate were successfully conducted in the absence of any extra ligand to produce β,γ-unsaturated esters in satisfact...Palladium-catalyzed carboxylative Suzuki coupling reactions of benzyl chlorides with allyl pinacol-borate were successfully conducted in the absence of any extra ligand to produce β,γ-unsaturated esters in satisfactory to good yields. The carboxylative Suzuki coupling reaction proceeded smooth-ly under mild conditions in the presence of palladium nanoparticles generated in situ through the formation of a π-benzylpalladium chloride intermediate.展开更多
Tertiary amine was synthesized from fatty amine and formaldehyde. And then the synthesized tertiary amine was used to react with benzyl chloride to synthesize hexadecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (1627) at ambi...Tertiary amine was synthesized from fatty amine and formaldehyde. And then the synthesized tertiary amine was used to react with benzyl chloride to synthesize hexadecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (1627) at ambient pressure. Using the synthesized 1627 as collector,the flotation properties of diaspore and kaolinite were investigated by single mineral and mixed mineral test. The flotation mechanism of diaspore,kaolinite and 1627 was discussed based on FTIR spectra. The results show that the mass ratio of aluminum to silicate achieves 15.02 and the recovery of alumina in concentrate is 43.07% using 1627 as a collector. The 1627 is found to be a more effective and a promising collector for reverse flotation to remove aluminum-silicate minerals from bauxite.展开更多
In the presence of Nafion/SiO2 nanocomposite catalyst, the benzylation of aromatic compounds with benzyl chloride proceeded to afford diphenylmethane derivatives in high yields. The catalyst showed high catalytic ac...In the presence of Nafion/SiO2 nanocomposite catalyst, the benzylation of aromatic compounds with benzyl chloride proceeded to afford diphenylmethane derivatives in high yields. The catalyst showed high catalytic activity not only for electron-rich aromatic compounds, but also for electron-poor aromatic compounds. Under identical conditions, the self-benzylation of benzyl chloride, and dibenzylation and/or multi-benzylation of aromatic compounds were negligible.展开更多
In this study, we used a mixture of organic liquid propane-1,3-diol and ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride([emim]Cl) as the entrainer to separate tert-butyl alcohol(TBA) + water. We measured the isobari...In this study, we used a mixture of organic liquid propane-1,3-diol and ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride([emim]Cl) as the entrainer to separate tert-butyl alcohol(TBA) + water. We measured the isobaric vapor–liquid equilibrium(VLE) for the quaternary system TBA + water + propane-1,3-diol + [emim]Cl at 101.3 kPa, and found the VLE data to be well correlated with the nonrandom two-liquid model. These results show that the mixed solvent of propane-1,3-diol + [emim]Cl can increase the relative volatility of TBA to water and break the azeotropic point. We found no notable synergetic effect between them, and observed that the liquid mixed solvent of propane-1,3-diol and [emim]Cl had lower viscosity than [emim]Cl, which makes it a promising entrainer for separating the TBA + water azeotrope in industrial applications.展开更多
Bacteriostatic laundry detergent was prepared with application of dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (1227). In accordance with relevant standards applied in Chinese detergent industry, the effect of 1227 on se...Bacteriostatic laundry detergent was prepared with application of dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (1227). In accordance with relevant standards applied in Chinese detergent industry, the effect of 1227 on sensory and physiochemical quality indices, detergency and foaming performance of laundry detergent were comprehensively investigated,and antimicrobial performance as well as practical application performance including skin irritation of laundry detergent formulated with 1227 was emphatically examined and compared with that of market product with similar functions. Results indicated that, in formulation without anionic surfactant, all indices of self-prepared bacteriostatic laundry detergent can meet requirements specified in relevant standards. The foaming power of self-prepared bacteriostatic laundry detergent was lower and easier to rinse than bacteriostatic laundry detergent product in market. Using aqueous solution of 1% mass fraction of self-prepared bacteriostatic laundry detergent containing 2%of 1227, the antibacterial rate for 20 min on both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus separately reached 100%, which was much better than that of the bacteriostatic laundry detergent product from market. The action effectiveness of the self-prepared bacteriostatic laundry detergent can be maintained for a longer time period and shows no obvious irritation effect to human skin.展开更多
Selective formation of pharmaceutical intermediates like diphenylmethane, dimethyldiphenylmethane, benzyl toluene and benzoic acid by liquid phase, toluene benzylation with benzyl chloride as a benzylating agent, was ...Selective formation of pharmaceutical intermediates like diphenylmethane, dimethyldiphenylmethane, benzyl toluene and benzoic acid by liquid phase, toluene benzylation with benzyl chloride as a benzylating agent, was systematically studied over plane clay （K-10, montmorillonite）, plane H-Beta, plane MFI structured titanosilicate （TS-1） and heteropoly acids [HPA, namely dodecatungstophosphoric acid [H3PO4.12WOa-xH2O] （TPA）, dodeca-molybdo phosphoric acid ammonium salt hydrate [H12Mo12N3040P＋aq] （DMAA）, sodium tungstate hydrated purified [Na12WO4.2H2O] （STH）] supported on clay, H-beta and TS-1. The 20%TPA/Clay, 30%TPA/H-Beta and 30%TPA/TS-1, were observed to be the best catalyst samples over plane clay, plane H-Beta and plane TS-1. The catalyst samples are compared with respect to benzyl chloride conversion and selectivities for diphenylmethane, dimethyl-diphenylmethane, benzyl toluene and benzoic acid. The reaction follows the pseudo-first order rate power law model. The apparent rate constants are calculated and compared with the reported ones.展开更多
A highly efficient benzylation of arenes and heteroarenes catalyzed by HfCl4/HfO2 has been developed. Broad scope of benzylation reagents have been used in this process with high yields under mild condition. Additiona...A highly efficient benzylation of arenes and heteroarenes catalyzed by HfCl4/HfO2 has been developed. Broad scope of benzylation reagents have been used in this process with high yields under mild condition. Additionally, the HfO2 can be re-used after the reaction. ？2009 Xin Qin Gao. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Chinese Chemical Society. All rights reserved.展开更多
The photodissociation mechanism of benzyl chloride （BzCl） under 248 nm has been investigated by the complete active space SCF （CASSCF） method by calculating the geometries of the ground （S0） and lower excited st...The photodissociation mechanism of benzyl chloride （BzCl） under 248 nm has been investigated by the complete active space SCF （CASSCF） method by calculating the geometries of the ground （S0） and lower excited states, the vertical （Tv） and adiabatic （T0） excitation energies of the lower states, and the dissociation reaction pathways on the potential energy surfaces （PES） of SI, TI and T2 states. The calculated results clearly elucidated the photodissociation mechanism of BzCl, and indicated that the photodissociation on the PES of T1 state is the most favorable.展开更多
β-Keto acids are unstable to heat,acids,and bases,and have rarely been employed as carbon nucleophiles for the formation of carbon-carbon bonds.In this context,an efficient decarboxylative alkylation reaction of β-k...β-Keto acids are unstable to heat,acids,and bases,and have rarely been employed as carbon nucleophiles for the formation of carbon-carbon bonds.In this context,an efficient decarboxylative alkylation reaction of β-keto acids with benzylic alcohols has been developed,for the first time,through sequential cleavage of carbon-oxygen and carbon-carbon bonds.In the presence of 10 mol% of ferric chloride,a range of β-keto acids smoothly undergo decarboxylative alkylation with benzylic alcohols to give structurally diverse unsymmetric ketones in moderate to excellent yields and with extremely high regioselectivity.Preliminary mechanistic studies indicate that the reaction proceeds through an SN1 alkylation followed by decarboxylation.展开更多
基金Projects(2127106951238002+3 种基金J1210040J1103312)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2013GK3015)supported by the Science and Technology Project of Hunan ProvinceChina
文摘Ag-based nanocatalysts exhibit good catalytic activity for the electrochemical reduction of organic halides. Ag-Ni alloy nanoparticles（NPs） were facilely prepared by chemical reduction, and the as-prepared nanocatalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The electrocatalytic activity of Ag-Ni NPs for benzyl chloride reduction was studied in organic medium using cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The results show that the addition of Ni element can obviously decrease the size of Ag-Ni NPs, shift the reduction peak potential（φp） of benzyl chloride positively, and increase the catalytic activity of Ag-Ni NPs. However, when the Ni content reaches a certain value, the catalytic activity of Ag-Ni NPs decreases. Meanwhile, the synergistic catalytic effect of Ag-Ni NPs was also discussed.
文摘Palladium-catalyzed carboxylative Suzuki coupling reactions of benzyl chlorides with allyl pinacol-borate were successfully conducted in the absence of any extra ligand to produce β,γ-unsaturated esters in satisfactory to good yields. The carboxylative Suzuki coupling reaction proceeded smooth-ly under mild conditions in the presence of palladium nanoparticles generated in situ through the formation of a π-benzylpalladium chloride intermediate.
基金Project(2006AA06Z120) supported by the National High-Tech Research and Development Program of ChinaProject(2005CB623701) supported by the Major State Basic Research Development Program of China
文摘Tertiary amine was synthesized from fatty amine and formaldehyde. And then the synthesized tertiary amine was used to react with benzyl chloride to synthesize hexadecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (1627) at ambient pressure. Using the synthesized 1627 as collector,the flotation properties of diaspore and kaolinite were investigated by single mineral and mixed mineral test. The flotation mechanism of diaspore,kaolinite and 1627 was discussed based on FTIR spectra. The results show that the mass ratio of aluminum to silicate achieves 15.02 and the recovery of alumina in concentrate is 43.07% using 1627 as a collector. The 1627 is found to be a more effective and a promising collector for reverse flotation to remove aluminum-silicate minerals from bauxite.
文摘In the presence of Nafion/SiO2 nanocomposite catalyst, the benzylation of aromatic compounds with benzyl chloride proceeded to afford diphenylmethane derivatives in high yields. The catalyst showed high catalytic activity not only for electron-rich aromatic compounds, but also for electron-poor aromatic compounds. Under identical conditions, the self-benzylation of benzyl chloride, and dibenzylation and/or multi-benzylation of aromatic compounds were negligible.
基金supported by the Innovation Fund of Tianjin University (No. 2010XJ-0022)
文摘In this study, we used a mixture of organic liquid propane-1,3-diol and ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride([emim]Cl) as the entrainer to separate tert-butyl alcohol(TBA) + water. We measured the isobaric vapor–liquid equilibrium(VLE) for the quaternary system TBA + water + propane-1,3-diol + [emim]Cl at 101.3 kPa, and found the VLE data to be well correlated with the nonrandom two-liquid model. These results show that the mixed solvent of propane-1,3-diol + [emim]Cl can increase the relative volatility of TBA to water and break the azeotropic point. We found no notable synergetic effect between them, and observed that the liquid mixed solvent of propane-1,3-diol and [emim]Cl had lower viscosity than [emim]Cl, which makes it a promising entrainer for separating the TBA + water azeotrope in industrial applications.
文摘Bacteriostatic laundry detergent was prepared with application of dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (1227). In accordance with relevant standards applied in Chinese detergent industry, the effect of 1227 on sensory and physiochemical quality indices, detergency and foaming performance of laundry detergent were comprehensively investigated,and antimicrobial performance as well as practical application performance including skin irritation of laundry detergent formulated with 1227 was emphatically examined and compared with that of market product with similar functions. Results indicated that, in formulation without anionic surfactant, all indices of self-prepared bacteriostatic laundry detergent can meet requirements specified in relevant standards. The foaming power of self-prepared bacteriostatic laundry detergent was lower and easier to rinse than bacteriostatic laundry detergent product in market. Using aqueous solution of 1% mass fraction of self-prepared bacteriostatic laundry detergent containing 2%of 1227, the antibacterial rate for 20 min on both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus separately reached 100%, which was much better than that of the bacteriostatic laundry detergent product from market. The action effectiveness of the self-prepared bacteriostatic laundry detergent can be maintained for a longer time period and shows no obvious irritation effect to human skin.
文摘Selective formation of pharmaceutical intermediates like diphenylmethane, dimethyldiphenylmethane, benzyl toluene and benzoic acid by liquid phase, toluene benzylation with benzyl chloride as a benzylating agent, was systematically studied over plane clay （K-10, montmorillonite）, plane H-Beta, plane MFI structured titanosilicate （TS-1） and heteropoly acids [HPA, namely dodecatungstophosphoric acid [H3PO4.12WOa-xH2O] （TPA）, dodeca-molybdo phosphoric acid ammonium salt hydrate [H12Mo12N3040P＋aq] （DMAA）, sodium tungstate hydrated purified [Na12WO4.2H2O] （STH）] supported on clay, H-beta and TS-1. The 20%TPA/Clay, 30%TPA/H-Beta and 30%TPA/TS-1, were observed to be the best catalyst samples over plane clay, plane H-Beta and plane TS-1. The catalyst samples are compared with respect to benzyl chloride conversion and selectivities for diphenylmethane, dimethyl-diphenylmethane, benzyl toluene and benzoic acid. The reaction follows the pseudo-first order rate power law model. The apparent rate constants are calculated and compared with the reported ones.
文摘A highly efficient benzylation of arenes and heteroarenes catalyzed by HfCl4/HfO2 has been developed. Broad scope of benzylation reagents have been used in this process with high yields under mild condition. Additionally, the HfO2 can be re-used after the reaction. ？2009 Xin Qin Gao. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Chinese Chemical Society. All rights reserved.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Nos. 20472011, 20673012） and the Major State Basic Research Development Programs （Nos. 2004CB719903, 2002CB613406）.
文摘The photodissociation mechanism of benzyl chloride （BzCl） under 248 nm has been investigated by the complete active space SCF （CASSCF） method by calculating the geometries of the ground （S0） and lower excited states, the vertical （Tv） and adiabatic （T0） excitation energies of the lower states, and the dissociation reaction pathways on the potential energy surfaces （PES） of SI, TI and T2 states. The calculated results clearly elucidated the photodissociation mechanism of BzCl, and indicated that the photodissociation on the PES of T1 state is the most favorable.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21172206,20972147,and J1030412)the National Basic Research Program of China (2010CB833300)the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University (IRT1189)
文摘β-Keto acids are unstable to heat,acids,and bases,and have rarely been employed as carbon nucleophiles for the formation of carbon-carbon bonds.In this context,an efficient decarboxylative alkylation reaction of β-keto acids with benzylic alcohols has been developed,for the first time,through sequential cleavage of carbon-oxygen and carbon-carbon bonds.In the presence of 10 mol% of ferric chloride,a range of β-keto acids smoothly undergo decarboxylative alkylation with benzylic alcohols to give structurally diverse unsymmetric ketones in moderate to excellent yields and with extremely high regioselectivity.Preliminary mechanistic studies indicate that the reaction proceeds through an SN1 alkylation followed by decarboxylation.
