Achieving high-efficient photocatalytic persulfate-activated degradation of tetracycline via carbon dots modified MIL-101(Fe)octahedrons

The synergistic reaction of photocatalysis and advanced oxidation is a valid strategy for the degradation of harmful antibiotic wastewater.Herein,carbon dots(CDs)modified MIL-101(Fe)octahedrons to form CDs/MIL-101(Fe)composite photocatalyst was synthesized for visible light-driven photocatalytic/persulfate(PS)-activated tetracycline(TC)degradation.The electron spin resonance(ESR)spectra,scavenging experiment and electrochemical analysis were carried out to reveal that the high visible light-driven photocatalytic degradation activity of TC over CDs/MIL-101(Fe)photocatalysts is not only ascribed to the production of free active radicals in the CDs/MIL-101(Fe)/PS system(·OH,·SO_(4-),^(1)O_(2),h^(+)and·O_(2)^(-))but also attributed to the consumption of electrons caused by the PS,which can suppress the recombination of photo-generated carriers as well as strong light scattering and electron trapping effects of CDs.Finally,the possible degradation pathways were proposed by analyzing intermediates via liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry technique.This research presents a rational design conception to construct a CDs/PS-based photocatalysis/advanced oxidation technology with high-efficient degradation activity for the remediation of organic antibiotic pollutant wastewater and for the improvement of carrier transport kinetics of photocatalysts.

Development of a Simple Extraction Method for Tetracycline Analogues from Bovine Milk

Tetracycline and analogues are among the most used antibiotics in the dairy industry. Besides the therapeutic uses, tetracyclines are often incorporated into livestock feed as growth promoters. A considerable amount of antibiotics is released unaltered through milk from dairy animals. The presence of antibiotic residues in milk and their subsequent consumption can lead to potential health impacts, including cancer, hypersensitivity reactions, and the development of antibiotic resistance. Thus, it is important to monitor residual levels of tetracyclines in milk. The purpose of this study is to develop a quick and simple method for simultaneously extracting five tetracycline analogues from bovine milk. Specifically, five tetracycline analogues: Chlortetracycline (CTC), demeclocycline (DEM), doxycycline (DC), minocycline (MC), and tetracycline (TC) were simultaneously extracted from milk using trifluoroacetic acid. Subsequently, the extracted analogues were separated by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) and detected at 355 nm using UV/Vis. Calibration curves for all five tetracycline analogues show excellent linearity (r2 value > 0.99). Percent recovery for MC, TC, DEM, CTC, and DC were: 31.88%, 96.91%, 151.29, 99.20%, and 85.58% respectively. The developed extraction method has good precision (RSD < 9.9% for 4 of the 5 analogues). The developed method with minimal sample preparation and pretreatment has the potential to serve as an initial screening test.

Efficacy and safety of low-dose tetracycline,amoxicillin quadruple therapy in Helicobacter pylori infection:A retrospective single center study

BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)eradication rates have declined with the rise of antibiotic-resistant strains in recent years.Although highly effective with a low prevalence of resistance,standard dose tetracycline is associated with frequent adverse events.The efficacy and safety of low-dose tetracycline as part of tetra-cycline and amoxicillin-containing bismuth quadruple therapy are not well described.AIM To compare the efficacy and safety of low-dose compared to standard dose tetracycline with combined amoxicillin-containing bismuth quadruple therapy in patients with H.pylori infection.METHODS Consecutive patients with H.pylori infection receiving tetracycline,amoxicillin,proton pump inhibitor,and bismuth for 14 days at Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital(1/2022-6/2023)were evaluated.The low-dose tetracycline group received tetracycline 500 mg twice daily(bid)while the standard dose group received 750 mg bid or 500 mg three times daily(tid).Primary endpoints were H.pylori eradication rate and treatment-related adverse events.

Mesoporous amorphous FeOOH-encapsulated BiO_(2–x) photocatalyst with harnessing broad spectrum toward activation of persulfate for tetracycline degradation

With the growing concern about the water environment,the advanced oxidation process of persulfate activation assisted by photocatalysis has attracted considerable attention to decompose dissolved organic micropollutants.In this work,to overcome the drawbacks of the photocatalytic activity reduction caused by the photo-corrosion of non-stoichiometric BiO_(2–x),a novel material with amorphous FeOOH in situ grown on layered BiO_(2–x) to form a core-shell structure similar to popcorn chicken-like morphology was produced in two simple and environmentally beneficial steps.Through a series of degradation activity tests of hybrid materials under different conditions,the as-prepared materials exhibited remarkable degradation activity and stability toward tetracycline in the FeOOH@BiO_(2–x)/Vis/PS system due to the synergism of photocatalysis and persulfate activation.The results of XRD,SEM,TEM,XPS,FTIR,and BET show that the loading of FeOOH increases the specific surface area and active sites appreciably;the heterogeneous structure formed by FeOOH and BiO_(2–x) is more favorable to the effective separation of photogenerated carriers.The optimal degradation conditions were at a catalyst addition of 0.7 g·L^(–1),a persulfate concentration of 1.0 g·L^(–1),and an initial pH of 4.5,at which the degradation rate could reach 94.7%after 90 min.The influence of typical inorganic anions on degradation was also examined.ESR studies and radical quenching experiments revealed that·OH,SO_(4)^(-)·,and·O_(2)^(-)were the principal active species generated during the degradation of tetracycline.The results of the 1,10-phenanthroline approach proved that the effect of dissolved iron ions on the tetracycline degradation was limited,and the interfacial reaction that occurs on the active sites on the material's surface was a critical factor.This work provides a novel method for producing efficient broad-spectrum Bismuth-based composite photocatalysts and photocatalytic-activated persulfate synergistic degradation of tetracycline.

Selective adsorption of tetracycline by β-CD-immobilized sodium alginate aerogel coupled with ultrafiltration for reclaimed water

In this work,a novel composite material based on β-cyclodextrin-immobilized sodium alginate aerogel(β-CD/NaAlg) was developed utilizing cross-linker of epichlorohydrin and applied as an adsorbent to remove tetracycline antibiotics from reclaimed wastewater.A series of characterizations were utilized to confirm the successful synthesis of the adsorbent and this β-CD/NaAlg presented a three-dimensional network at the nanoscale or microscale.Under optimal conditions(pH=4,t=8 h,β-CD:NaAlg=9,adsorbent dosage = 1.5 g·L-1),the maximum removal rate of β-CD/NaAlg to tetracycline was 70%.The adsorption behavior of tetracycline on β-CD/NaAlg conformed to the Freundlich isotherm model(R2=0.9977) and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model(R^(2)=0.9993).Moreover,the adsorbent still removed 55.3% of tetracycline after five cycles.Specially,the adsorbent was integrated with ultrafiltration to adsorb tetracycline antibiotics from simulated reclaimed wastewater,and the removal rate of tetracycline reached 78.9% within 2 h.The existence of Cr(Ⅵ) had a negligible impact on tetracycline removal,while the presence of humic acid exhibited a promoting effect.The possible adsorption mechanisms were also elucidated through X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and density functional theory analysis.In summary,β-CD/NaAlg represents an environmentally friendly,efficient,and sustainable adsorbent for removing tetracycline antibiotics from reclaimed water.

Carbon-doped CuFe_(2)O_(4) with C-O-M channels for enhanced Fenton-like degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride: From construction to mechanism

Carbon-doped copper ferrite(C–CuFe_(2)O_(4))was synthesized by a simple two-step hydrothermal method,which showed enhanced tetracycline hydrochloride(TCH)removal efficiency as compared to the pure CuFe_(2)O_(4) in Fenton-like reaction.A removal efficiency of 94%was achieved with 0.2 g L^(-1) catalyst and 20 mmol L^(-1) H_(2)O_(2) within 90 min.We demonstrated that 5%C–CuFe_(2)O_(4) catalyst in the presence of H_(2)O_(2) was significantly efficient for TCH degradation under the near-neutral pH(5–9)without buffer.Multiple techniques,including SEM,TEM,XRD,FTIR,Raman,XPS M€ossbauer and so on,were conducted to investigate the structures,morphologies and electronic properties of as-prepared samples.The introduction of carbon can effectively accelerate electron transfer by cooperating with Cu and Fe to activate H_(2)O_(2) to generate·OH and·O_(2)^(-).Particularly,theoretical calculations display that the p,p,d orbital hybridization of C,O,Cu and Fe can form C–O–Cu and C–O–Fe bonds,and the electrons on carbon can transfer to metal Cu and Fe along the C–O–Fe and C–O–Cu channels,thus forming electron-rich reactive centers around Fe and Cu.This work provides lightful reference for the modification of spinel ferrites in Fenton-like application.

Enhanced degradation of tetracycline by gas-liquid discharge plasma coupled with g-C_(3)N_(4)/TiO_(2)

Plasma-catalysis is considered as one of the most promising technologies for antibiotic degradation in water.In the plasma-catalytic system,one of the factors affecting the degradation effect is the performance of the photocatalyst,which is usually restricted by the rapid recombination of electrons and holes as well as narrow light absorption range.In this research,a photocatalyst g-C_(3)N_(4)/TiO_(2) was prepared and coupled with gas-liquid discharge(GLD)to degrade tetracycline(TC).The performance was examined,and the degradation pathways and mechanisms were studied.Results show that a 90%degradation rate is achieved in the GLD with g-C_(3)N_(4)/TiO_(2) over a 10 min treatment.Increasing the pulse voltage is conducive to increasing the degradation rate,whereas the addition of excessive g-C_(3)N_(4)/TiO_(2) tends to precipitate agglomerates,resulting in a poor degradation efficiency.The redox properties of the g-C_(3)N_(4)/TiO_(2) surface promote the generation of oxidizing active species(H2O2,O3)in solution.Radical quenching experiments showed that·OH,hole(h^(+)),play important roles in the TC degradation by the discharge with g-C_(3)N_(4)/TiO_(2).Two potential degradation pathways were proposed based on the intermediates.The toxicity of tetracycline was reduced by treatment in the system.Furthermore,the g-C_(3)N_(4)/TiO_(2) composites exhibited excellent recoverability and stability.

润滑条件对TC4钛合金切削加工影响的实验研究

为了研究冷却润滑条件及切削参数对TC4钛合金的切削力和表面粗糙度的影响,分别开展CMQL、冷风、浇注式冷却润滑条件的TC4钛合金高速切削实验、四种不同润滑环境的粗/半精/精加工实验以及CMQL条件下TC4钛合金正交切削试验,通过单因素分析和正交试验法研究冷却润滑条件及切削参数对切削加工性的影响。研究表明:CMQL冷却润滑条件可在TC4钛合金高速切削时有效降低切削阻力和改善表面粗糙度,并在高速精车削阶段体现出降低切削阻力的优势。考虑CMQL条件下高速精车TC4钛合金加工效率,最佳参数组合为较高的切削速度、较小的精加工余量和合适范围内较大的进给量。

热处理工艺对大规格TC17钛合金棒材组织与力学性能的影响

研究了固溶温度、冷却方式、保温时间及取样方向对两相区锻造的大规格TC17钛合金棒材显微组织和力学性能的影响,并根据实验结果选择最佳热处理制度。结果表明:TC17钛合金棒材的最佳热处理工艺为800℃/2h/WQ+630℃/8h/AC;固溶温度在两相区时,随着固溶温度的升高,合金强度升高,塑性降低;固溶空冷+时效的合金较相同温度固溶水冷+时效的合金强度高、塑性低;在相同温度固溶水冷条件下,缩短固溶保温时间,可改善合金的塑性;锻造后的TC17钛合金大规格棒材存在各向异性。

TC4钛合金表面激光熔覆Ti-Mo-Al-B复合涂层的组织及摩擦磨损性能

为了改善TC4合金的表面耐磨性能,采用激光熔覆技术在TC4合金表面制备出Ti-Mo-Al-B复合涂层。分析了涂层的物相组成及微观组织结构,揭示了复合涂层的合成机理,结合其组织特征分析了涂层的硬度分布,并分析了不同载荷下涂层的摩擦磨损性能。结果表明,复合涂层与基体之间形成了良好的冶金结合,复合涂层主要由BCC固溶体基体相、短杆状和颗粒状TiB增强相以及少量α-Ti相组成。涂层的平均硬度为648.69HV,较基体TC4合金(330HV)提升了1.97倍。涂层的磨痕表面平整且犁沟较少,在载荷为30 N时,磨损量相较TC4基体减少了11%,其磨损机制为磨粒磨损。

甲羟孕酮联合TC方案治疗子宫内膜癌临床观察

目的 探讨甲羟孕酮联合TC方案(紫杉醇+卡铂)治疗子宫内膜癌的临床疗效。方法 选取2019年1月至2023年6月自贡市荣县人民医院妇产科收治的子宫内膜癌患者110例,按治疗方案的不同分为观察组(60例)和对照组(50例)。两组患者均于周期第1天予紫杉醇注射液、卡铂注射液静脉滴注,1个周期21 d,共治疗3个周期;观察组患者加服醋酸甲羟孕酮片,持续治疗9周。结果 观察组总有效率为85.00%,显著高于对照组的66.00%(P <0.05)。两组患者治疗后的血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)、肿瘤标志物[糖类抗原125(CA125)、糖类抗原199(CA199)、人附睾蛋白4(HE4)、癌胚抗原(CEA)]水平均显著降低;生活质量各项(生理状况、社会状况、情感状况、功能状况)评分均显著升高;且观察组患者上述指标改善更显著(P <0.05)。观察组与对照组不良反应发生率相当(8.33%比12.00%,P> 0.05)。结论 甲羟孕酮联合TC方案治疗子宫内膜癌,可显著降低血清VEGF、MMP-9及相关肿瘤标志物水平,并提高患者的生活质量。

ZIF-8/PEO杂化泡沫对TC和Cu^(2+)吸附研究

以提高金属有机骨架ZIF-8水处理中可回收性为目标,利用聚氧化乙烯PEO作为致孔剂,采用冰模板-冷冻干燥法制备金属有机骨架杂化泡沫ZIF-8/PEO,利用XRD、SEM、TG-DSC和N2吸附-脱附等表征手段,分析ZIF-8/PEO杂化泡沫的理化性能,研究ZIF-8/PEO对四环素TC和铜离子Cu^(2+)吸附性能及吸附机理。试验结果表明:ZIF-8/PEO形成了更加规则的网状结构且具有良好的机械强度和吸附性能。在吸附时间12 h,pH 7,吸附剂投加量40 mg,TC和Cu^(2+)初始浓度均为30 mg/L的最佳条件下,ZIF-8/PEO对TC和Cu^(2+)的吸附容量为107.55 mg/g和107.81 mg/g;等温吸附过程符合Langmuir模型,动力学过程符合拟二级动力学模型,ZIF-8/PEO吸附TC,Cu^(2+)属于自发、放热、趋于有序的过程。在循环吸附7次后,ZIF-8/PEO吸附剂对TC和Cu^(2+)的去除率仍在70%以上。

等离子喷涂NiAl涂层对基体TC4板材力学性能的影响

在室温、高温下对含NiAl涂层的TC4板材进行拉伸试验,测试其不同应变速率和温度下的抗拉强度、伸长率。用金相显微镜观察涂层的显微组织。统计涂层的孔隙率和界面夹杂物面积。结果表明:涂层孔隙率为7.5%,结合界面夹杂物面积为35.2%。等离子喷涂NiAl无法提高TC4板材的室温及高温强度,因涂层的过早脱落,导致板材实际承载面积减小,基体强度降低,且NiAl涂层降低了TC4板材的伸长率,其原因是涂层破裂使基体表面产生裂纹,导致基体提前断裂,降低伸长率。

急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死早期外周血Tc17细胞表面标志和细胞因子表达

目的:检测急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)早期外周血中表达IL-17A的CD8^(+)T细胞,即Tc17细胞的表型和功能。方法:收集健康人和STEMI患者外周血白细胞,流式细胞术检测CCR6、CD161、CCR5、IL-23R、RORγt表达确定Tc17细胞。流式细胞术检测Tc17细胞活化状态、细胞因子表达和增殖状况。结果:健康志愿者和STEMI患者CCR6^(+)CD161^(+)CD8^(+)T细胞均高表达CCR5、IL-23R和RORγt,被鉴定为Tc17细胞。与健康志愿者相比,STEMI患者Tc17细胞在总CD8^(+)T细胞中的比例升高,且表型上更偏向于效应型记忆性T细胞。健康志愿者Tc17细胞主要表达IL-17A和IL-22,而STEMI患者Tc17细胞不仅表达IL-17A和IL-22,也表达IL-10和TGF-β。但健康志愿者和STEMI患者Tc17细胞均不表达IFN-γ、IL-5、Foxp3和Ki67。结论:STEMI早期Tc17细胞表达IL-17A和IL-22同时上调IL-10和TGF-β表达,可能参与和调节STEMI后急性炎症反应。

TC4钛合金侧铣加工表面形貌分析及工艺参数优化

TC4钛合金是1种典型的不易加工材料,其切削加工表面质量很难控制。为实现面向侧铣加工表面形貌的切削工艺参数优选,开展了TC4钛合金侧铣加工实验研究。首先,探究了加工表面微观缺陷特征及其形成机制;然后,采用粗糙度参数R_(a)和S_(a)对铣削表面形貌进行定量表征,并分析了切削速度、进给量和切削深度对表面粗糙度参数的影响;最后,基于遗传算法(GeneticAlgorithm,GA)对铣削工艺参数进行了优化。研究发现,加工表面微观缺陷主要有进给刀痕等固有缺陷和黏附颗粒等随机缺陷。铣削表面粗糙度随主轴转速的增大先减小后增大;随径向切深的增大先增大后减小;随进给量先增大后减小。在主轴转速n=1093r/min、径向切深a_(e)=0.2mm、每转进给量f=0.06mm/r的条件下可以获得较小的表面粗糙度。

TC4表面激光熔覆硬质复合涂层组织与性能

TC4凭借比强度高、耐腐蚀性好、质量轻等一系列优点,被广泛应用于航空航天领域,但其摩擦系数大、耐磨性差等缺点极大地限制了其应用范围,针对TC4硬度低、耐磨性差等缺点,采用4 kW大功率Laser4000半导体激光器,选用过渡族难熔碳化物HfC、TaC和ZrC作为增强相,以H13钢基粉末作为基粉,利用激光熔覆技术在TC4表面制备了不同比例的钢基金属-陶瓷硬质涂层。之后利用扫描电镜(SEM)、EDS能谱仪、D/max-2500/PC型X射线衍射仪(XDR)等试验手段对不同比例涂层的宏观形貌、显微组织、物相组成和涂层元素分布等进行对比分析,利用Qness型号维氏显微硬度计测试涂层硬度并分析熔覆试样截面微观硬度变化规律,利用MMU-5G型端面摩擦磨损试验机研究了不同材料组分涂层的摩擦磨损性能,研究结果表明:试件熔覆层与基材形成了良好的冶金结合,熔覆层组织形态主要以枝晶组织以及块状组织为主,各熔覆层的主要物相中均含有TiC,随着三元陶瓷粉末含量的增加,MC的含量也随之增加,当碳化物混合粉末添加量为15%(质量分数)时,熔覆层中检测到Hf_(0.8)Ta_(0.2)Fe_(2)三元合金相。当三元陶瓷粉添含量为10%(质量分数)时,熔覆层晶粒最为细小,涂层平均硬度最高,平均硬度约为763.43 HV,是基材硬度的2.29倍,当三元陶瓷粉末含量为5%(质量分数)时涂层的耐磨性最好,相对耐磨性为25%。

TC21合金在不同温度下进行连续多步置氢处理时的显微组织及室温力学性能

利用OM、XRD、TEM以及压缩试验等方法研究TC21钛合金经不同温度连续多步置氢处理后的显微组织及室温力学性能。结果表明:当氢处理温度超过1073 K时,α相的尺寸明显降低,β相成为主要相。随着氢处理温度的升高,δ氢化物的含量呈先增加后逐渐降低的趋势。当氢处理温度超过1073 K时,TC21钛合金在室温压缩变形过程中出现应变软化现象,且该现象随氢处理温度的升高而越来越显著。随着氢处理温度的升高,TC21钛合金的极限变形率呈先降低后增加的趋势。当氢处理温度为1123 K时,TC21钛合金的极限变形率比原始合金增加67.51%。

TC4表面掺La微弧氧化涂层的显微结构与耐磨性的研究

针对TC4钛合金在服役期间耐磨性较差等问题,本文在乙酸钙-六偏磷酸钠电解液体系下运用微弧氧化工艺在TC4钛合金表面制备出掺La陶瓷涂层。重点研究了电解液中掺杂La(NO_(3))_(3)对TC4钛合金微弧氧化涂层(MAO)耐磨性的影响。利用XRD、SEM、显微硬度计、摩擦磨损试验机、涂层附着力划痕仪等仪器对不同La(NO_(3))_(3)掺杂量下的微弧氧化涂层的物相组成、微观形貌、厚度、显微硬度、摩擦因数、结合力等指标进行表征。结果表明:随着La(NO_(3))_(3)掺杂量增加,MAO涂层由HAp、A-TiO_(2)、R-TiO_(2)、La_(2)O_(3)相组成。掺La陶瓷涂层厚度虽略有减小,但致密性有所提高。涂层的显微硬度先增大后减小、摩擦因数先减小后增大。当La(NO_(3))_(3)掺杂量为6 g/L时,涂层显微硬度提高31.18%,涂层与基体结合力提高30.59%,MAO涂层摩擦因数最小,约为0.55。

添加中间层的TC2钛合金/321不锈钢真空扩散焊研究

目的以Cu箔、Ni箔为中间层,使用真空扩散焊工艺实现TC2钛合金与321不锈钢的焊接。方法采用扫描电子显微镜、EDS能谱仪、X射线衍射仪、冲击韧性实验机、显微硬度计等仪器研究了焊接温度、典型中间层材料等工艺参数对TC2钛合金/321不锈钢焊接界面微观结构、界面元素扩散、接头力学性能的影响规律。结果在添加中间层的扩散焊接头中,是否会形成界面区和扩散区以及界面区和扩散区的宽度,受焊接温度的影响,也受中间层和母材成分及性能的影响。在以Ni为中间层的TC2钛合金与321不锈钢真空扩散焊接头中,扩散区会产生AlNi_(3)、NiTi等新物相,当以Cu为中间层时,扩散区中会产生Cu_(0.81)Ni_(0.19)等新物相。在实验条件下,使用铜箔作为中间层的TC2钛合金与321不锈钢真空扩散焊接头的力学性能优于使用镍箔作为中间层的真空扩散焊接头的力学性能。结论在实验条件下,添加中间层的TC2钛合金/321不锈钢真空扩散焊的最佳工艺参数如下:真空度为10^(-4)Pa,焊接温度为820℃,焊接压力为15MPa,焊接时间(即保温时间)为90min,保压时间为240min,以Cu作为中间层。

PCD刀具超声振动辅助铣削TC4钛合金仿真与试验

TC4钛合金是典型的难加工材料,为解决其导热性差对铣削加工性能的影响,文章提出超声振动辅助铣削加工工艺,以提高其铣削质量。通过Abaqus建立PCD铣刀及TC4钛合金工件的仿真模型,分析超声振动对PCD铣刀切削刃温度的影响;采用单因素法设计超声振动铣削试验,研究不同超声振幅与刀具前角对PCD铣刀切削刃温度、铣削力及工件表面粗糙度的影响;并将试验结果与仿真结果进行对比,验证仿真模型的可靠性。结果表明,超声辅助铣削可大幅降低切削刃温度和铣削力,还可有效降低工件表面的粗糙度。相较普通铣削,超声铣削的切削刃平均温度由421.5℃下降到241.9℃,降幅为42.6%;铣削力由104.65 N下降到87.05 N,降幅为16.8%;工件表面粗糙度均值由0.316μm下降到0.228μm,降幅为27.8%。超声振幅较铣刀前角对表面粗糙度的影响更明显,且仿真结果和试验结果基本一致,其平均误差为4.6%。