Lectins are natural proteins in animals,plants,and microorganisms and can be divided into 12 families.These lectins play important roles in various environmental stresses.Some polyploid plants show tolerance to enviro...Lectins are natural proteins in animals,plants,and microorganisms and can be divided into 12 families.These lectins play important roles in various environmental stresses.Some polyploid plants show tolerance to environmental stresses and to insect pests.However,the mechanism of stress tolerance is unclear.Tetraploid Robinia pseudoacacia(4×)under salt stress showed higher tolerance than diploid R.pseudoacacia(2×).As lectin can improve stress tolerance,it was questioned whether the stress resistance of polyploid plants was related to the lectin protein.In this study,salt resistance of lectin gene TRpL1 was verified by its over-expression in plants.In addition,salt resistance of lectin protein by E.coli strains was detected.The data revealed that the over-expression transgenic plants of TRpL1 showed better salt tolerance than control plants under salt stress,and the TRpL1-expressing strain also grew better in the medium with added NaCl.Therefore,tetraploid plants can resist salt stress through TRpL1 protein regulation.展开更多
Preparation of silage is a common method to preserve green forage. It plays an important role in improving forage utilization, solving the problem of forage provision and meeting the nutritional needs of livestock in ...Preparation of silage is a common method to preserve green forage. It plays an important role in improving forage utilization, solving the problem of forage provision and meeting the nutritional needs of livestock in winter and spring. The effects of various supplements on tetraploid black locust （Robinia pseudoacacia L.） silage were studied by analyzing its color, odor, texture, pH value, the composition and amount of organic acids, the ammonia-N/total-N ratio, crude protein, neutral detergent fibers and acid detergent fibers. Our results show that the silage quality of wilted tetraploid R. pseudoacacia preserved alone is acceptable, while adding brown sugar and Yishengkang to tetraploid R. pseudoacacia foliage improved its quality. The treatments consisting of the tet- raploid R. pseudoacacia mixed with 33% and 50% corn stalk achieved the best silage quality in terms ofpH value （p 〈 0.01）, amount of lactic acid （p 〈 0.01）, the ammonia-N/total-N ratio （p 〈 0.01） and the fermentation quality. These treatments also resulted in a high content of crude protein and lower amounts of acid detergent fibers. The treatment consisting of the tetraploid R. pseudoacacia mixed with 20% corn stalk was also good in the quality of its fermentation.展开更多
Leaf trait patterns and their variations with climate are interpreted as an adaptive adjustment to environment.This study assessed the adaptability of planted black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) based on the analys...Leaf trait patterns and their variations with climate are interpreted as an adaptive adjustment to environment.This study assessed the adaptability of planted black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) based on the analysis of leaf traits and the comparison of its leaf traits with inter-specific ones existing in the same area.We measured some water and N use related leaf traits: leaf dry mass per unit area (LMA) and N,P and K concentrations based on both leaf area (Narea,Parea and Karea) and leaf mass (Nmass,Pmass and Kmass) of R.pseudoacacia at 31 sites along a water stress gradient in North Shaanxi Province,China.The results show that leaves of R.pseudoacacia have high Nmass and low LMA in the study area.High Nmass and low LMA are usually representative of luxurious resource use,and will advance plant resource competitiveness in high-resource conditions.As a whole,LMA-nutrient relationships of R.pseudoacacia display patterns that are fairly similar to the inter-specific relationships in both direction and intensity.The tendency for LMA and Narea to increase with decreasing water availability and the positive correlation between LMA and Narea reflect the trend for R.pseudoacacia to enhance water use efficiency (WUE) at the expense of down-regulated photosynthetic N use efficiency (PNUE) and high construction cost in dry conditions.However,the positive relationship between LMA and Narea in high mean annual precipitation (MAP) area is either unremarkable or reversed with decreasing water availability.This implies a lower photosynthetic capacity and a higher construction cost for high-LMA leaves.The inter-specific relationship between LMA and Narea is positive and does not change with water availability.This difference between inter-species and intra-species may be due to more diversified anatomies and more specialised structures for inter-species than intra-species.The failure of R.pseudoacacia adaption to dry conditions reflected by LMA-Narea relationship may be partially responsible for the emergence of rampike and dwarf forms found frequently in dry conditions.Incorporating intrinsic characteristics of planted trees into vegetation restoration project will be instructive and meaningful for species selection.展开更多
The objective of this study was to isolate lactic acid bacteria（LAB） strains from different origins and to select the best strains for ensiling Robinia pseudoacacia（RB） and Morus alba L.（MB）leaves. The LAB strai...The objective of this study was to isolate lactic acid bacteria（LAB） strains from different origins and to select the best strains for ensiling Robinia pseudoacacia（RB） and Morus alba L.（MB）leaves. The LAB strains were inoculated into the extracted liquid obtained from RB and MB leaves to evaluate the fermentation products. 11 LAB strains were selected for further experiments based on the highest products of lactic or acetic acid, including 1 strain of Weissella confusa, 2 of Lactobacillus reuteri and 8 of Lactobacillus plantarum.The API 50 CH fermentation experiment indicated that all of the selected 11 LAB strains utilised most of the carbohydrates. All the strains grew at temperatures between 10 and 45℃ and at a p H of 3.5 to 4.5; however, L. reuteri F7 and F8 tolerated a p H as low as 3.0. All 11 LAB strains showed antibacterial activity against Listeria monocytogens, Escherichia coil, Salmonella sp. and Acetobacter pasteurianus; however, after excluding the effect of organic acids, only F7 and F8 still exhibited antibacterial activity. The present study indicated that the selected 11 LAB strains could be used to prepare silages of RB and MB leaves, especially L. reuteri F7 and F8.展开更多
In Hungary, black locust （Robinia pseudoacacia L.） is one of the most important exotic species, forming entire stands. Its importance is increasing in many other countries. As a result of a new selection program eig...In Hungary, black locust （Robinia pseudoacacia L.） is one of the most important exotic species, forming entire stands. Its importance is increasing in many other countries. As a result of a new selection program eight black lo- cust clones have been improved for establishing clone trials and a seed orchard. In this study juvenile growth and stem quality of micropropagated clones of black locust were evaluated on a marginal site in central Hungary. At ten years old, the clones ＇MB17D3/4＇ and ＇PV201E2/4＇ appeared to be especially promising for high quality wood production under arid hydrological conditions. A tissue culture method can be considered a suitable tool of propagating superior individual trees and offers new prospects for the rapid cloning of selected genotypes.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32071728)。
文摘Lectins are natural proteins in animals,plants,and microorganisms and can be divided into 12 families.These lectins play important roles in various environmental stresses.Some polyploid plants show tolerance to environmental stresses and to insect pests.However,the mechanism of stress tolerance is unclear.Tetraploid Robinia pseudoacacia(4×)under salt stress showed higher tolerance than diploid R.pseudoacacia(2×).As lectin can improve stress tolerance,it was questioned whether the stress resistance of polyploid plants was related to the lectin protein.In this study,salt resistance of lectin gene TRpL1 was verified by its over-expression in plants.In addition,salt resistance of lectin protein by E.coli strains was detected.The data revealed that the over-expression transgenic plants of TRpL1 showed better salt tolerance than control plants under salt stress,and the TRpL1-expressing strain also grew better in the medium with added NaCl.Therefore,tetraploid plants can resist salt stress through TRpL1 protein regulation.
基金supported by the State Forestry Administration of China (Nos.2003-5-2 and 2004-04)
文摘Preparation of silage is a common method to preserve green forage. It plays an important role in improving forage utilization, solving the problem of forage provision and meeting the nutritional needs of livestock in winter and spring. The effects of various supplements on tetraploid black locust （Robinia pseudoacacia L.） silage were studied by analyzing its color, odor, texture, pH value, the composition and amount of organic acids, the ammonia-N/total-N ratio, crude protein, neutral detergent fibers and acid detergent fibers. Our results show that the silage quality of wilted tetraploid R. pseudoacacia preserved alone is acceptable, while adding brown sugar and Yishengkang to tetraploid R. pseudoacacia foliage improved its quality. The treatments consisting of the tet- raploid R. pseudoacacia mixed with 33% and 50% corn stalk achieved the best silage quality in terms ofpH value （p 〈 0.01）, amount of lactic acid （p 〈 0.01）, the ammonia-N/total-N ratio （p 〈 0.01） and the fermentation quality. These treatments also resulted in a high content of crude protein and lower amounts of acid detergent fibers. The treatment consisting of the tetraploid R. pseudoacacia mixed with 20% corn stalk was also good in the quality of its fermentation.
基金Under the auspices of National Basic Research Program of China (No.2007CB407205)National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (No.2006BAC01A01)
文摘Leaf trait patterns and their variations with climate are interpreted as an adaptive adjustment to environment.This study assessed the adaptability of planted black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) based on the analysis of leaf traits and the comparison of its leaf traits with inter-specific ones existing in the same area.We measured some water and N use related leaf traits: leaf dry mass per unit area (LMA) and N,P and K concentrations based on both leaf area (Narea,Parea and Karea) and leaf mass (Nmass,Pmass and Kmass) of R.pseudoacacia at 31 sites along a water stress gradient in North Shaanxi Province,China.The results show that leaves of R.pseudoacacia have high Nmass and low LMA in the study area.High Nmass and low LMA are usually representative of luxurious resource use,and will advance plant resource competitiveness in high-resource conditions.As a whole,LMA-nutrient relationships of R.pseudoacacia display patterns that are fairly similar to the inter-specific relationships in both direction and intensity.The tendency for LMA and Narea to increase with decreasing water availability and the positive correlation between LMA and Narea reflect the trend for R.pseudoacacia to enhance water use efficiency (WUE) at the expense of down-regulated photosynthetic N use efficiency (PNUE) and high construction cost in dry conditions.However,the positive relationship between LMA and Narea in high mean annual precipitation (MAP) area is either unremarkable or reversed with decreasing water availability.This implies a lower photosynthetic capacity and a higher construction cost for high-LMA leaves.The inter-specific relationship between LMA and Narea is positive and does not change with water availability.This difference between inter-species and intra-species may be due to more diversified anatomies and more specialised structures for inter-species than intra-species.The failure of R.pseudoacacia adaption to dry conditions reflected by LMA-Narea relationship may be partially responsible for the emergence of rampike and dwarf forms found frequently in dry conditions.Incorporating intrinsic characteristics of planted trees into vegetation restoration project will be instructive and meaningful for species selection.
基金supported by the Key Technique Project from Henan Province, China (152102110045 and 152102310064)
文摘The objective of this study was to isolate lactic acid bacteria（LAB） strains from different origins and to select the best strains for ensiling Robinia pseudoacacia（RB） and Morus alba L.（MB）leaves. The LAB strains were inoculated into the extracted liquid obtained from RB and MB leaves to evaluate the fermentation products. 11 LAB strains were selected for further experiments based on the highest products of lactic or acetic acid, including 1 strain of Weissella confusa, 2 of Lactobacillus reuteri and 8 of Lactobacillus plantarum.The API 50 CH fermentation experiment indicated that all of the selected 11 LAB strains utilised most of the carbohydrates. All the strains grew at temperatures between 10 and 45℃ and at a p H of 3.5 to 4.5; however, L. reuteri F7 and F8 tolerated a p H as low as 3.0. All 11 LAB strains showed antibacterial activity against Listeria monocytogens, Escherichia coil, Salmonella sp. and Acetobacter pasteurianus; however, after excluding the effect of organic acids, only F7 and F8 still exhibited antibacterial activity. The present study indicated that the selected 11 LAB strains could be used to prepare silages of RB and MB leaves, especially L. reuteri F7 and F8.
文摘In Hungary, black locust （Robinia pseudoacacia L.） is one of the most important exotic species, forming entire stands. Its importance is increasing in many other countries. As a result of a new selection program eight black lo- cust clones have been improved for establishing clone trials and a seed orchard. In this study juvenile growth and stem quality of micropropagated clones of black locust were evaluated on a marginal site in central Hungary. At ten years old, the clones ＇MB17D3/4＇ and ＇PV201E2/4＇ appeared to be especially promising for high quality wood production under arid hydrological conditions. A tissue culture method can be considered a suitable tool of propagating superior individual trees and offers new prospects for the rapid cloning of selected genotypes.
