Antimicrobial properties of Teucrium polium against some clinical pathogens

Objective:To explore the antibacterial effect of the alcoholic extracts of aerial parts of Teucrium polium,native in Iran on some pathogenic bacteria.Methods:Antibacterial activity of ethanolic extract(50 to 400 mg/mL) and methanolic extract(400 and 600 mg/mL) was evaluated by disc diffusion method.Results:The ethanolic extract results showed that Bacillus anthracis was the most sensitive species,while Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis were more resistant than others.In the case of the methanolic extract,Bordetella bronchiseptica was the most sensitive and Proteus mirabilis and Arcanobacterium pyogenes were the most resistant species.The hydroalcoholic extract of Teucrium polium had a relatively satisfactory effect on Salmonella typhi. The minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC) of Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhi was 40 mg/mL and Bordetella bronchiseptica and Bacillus anthracis was 10 mg/mL.The minimal bactericidal concentration(MBC) against Bacillus anthracis was 10 mg/mL while against other species were not found(】200 mg/mL).The methanolic extract had also synergistic effect with methicillin,vancomycin against Staphylococcus aureus and with novobiocin against Salmonella typhi.Conclusions:These results suggest that this plant contains relatively good antibacterial activity and it can be used as a source of antiseptic compounds for medicinal uses.

Investigation of the volatile oils,lipid constituents and biological activity of Ballota andreuzziana,Teucrium zanonii and Verbena tenuisecta in Libya

Objective:To determine the chemical composition of essential oils and lipid constituents of Ballola andreuzziana(B.andreuzziana),Teucrium zanonii(T.zanonii) and Verbena tenuisecta(V. tenuisecta) growing in Libya,and to test the antibacterial activity of different extracts of Teucrium zanonii.Methods:The volatile oils of all plants were extracted by hydrodistillation method and analyzed by GC/MS method.The lipid constituents of plants were obtained by extraction with petroleum ether and fractionated into fatty alcohols,fatty acids and unsapoinfiable matters. Antibacterial activity of T.zanonii extracts and antioxidant activity of different extracts of T. zanonii were also studied.Results:The volate oil of B.andreuzziana was found to consists of 20 compounds in which caryophyllin is the main one(63.1%),the volatile oil of T.zanonii consists of 74 compounds in which germacrene-D was the main compound,while the volatile oil of V. tenuisecta consists of 13 compounds with l-octen-3- ol as a major constituent(52.87%).The study of antimicrobial activity of different extracts of V.tenuisecta showed that,both methanol and butanol extracts exhibited the highest activity against Mycobacterium phlei(M.pblei) and Candida albicans(C.albicans) respectively,while petroleum ether,fatty alcohols and unsaponifiable fractions had no antimicrobial activity against all the tested microorganisms. Investigation of the antioxidant activity of different extracts of T.zanonii using DPPH method proved that,the ethyl acetate and butanol fractions showed the highest activity where the inhibition percentage(1%) are 93.6 and 92.1 respectively.Conclusions:This is the first report about the volatile oils of these plants where T.zanonii have the highest content and the highest number of the identified compounds.The study of antioxidant T.zanonii extracts proved that,the ethyl acetate,butanol and aqueous extracts have the highest antioxidant activity.Methanol and butanol extracts of V.tenuisecta exhibited the highest activity against M.phlei and C.albicans respectively.

Comparison of Essential Oil Composition,Phenolic Compound and Biological Activities of Salvia microphylla and Teucrium polium(Lamiaceae)

Salvia microphylla and Teucrium polium are medicinal and aromatic plants with ethnobotanical uses.The present study was conducted to investigate the chemical composition of Salvia microphylla and Teucrium polium essential oils,the secondary metabolites,and the biological activities of their infusion and methanolic(MeOH)extracts.Essential oils were extracted by hydrodistillation from shoots Salvia microphylla and Teucrium polium.Phenolic content,antioxidant and antimicrobial activities were determined.Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GCMS)results showed the presence of significant qualitative and quantitative variations for the composition of the both essential oils(EO).Salvia microphylla EO were most complex and present 70 compounds with the major components wereβ-caryophyllene(13.32%),1,8 cineole(11.25%),Cis p-Menthane-3-one(10.74%),andβ-Selinenol(9.71%).Where in the Teucrium polium EO,45 compounds were identified with the important components areβ-cadinene(10%),β-citronellol(8.5%),Carvacrol(7.63%),and Eugenol(7.15%).Obtained results showed that both plant are very rich in secondary metabolites.Extracts isolated from Salvia microphylla presented the highest contents in the phenolic compound than extracted from Teucrium polium.The antioxidant activity data demonstrated that all extracts showed strong antioxidant and radical scavenging activities.Essential oil and methanol extracts presented a potential for antimicrobial activities against all tested microorganisms.The obtained results highlight the potential use of Salvia microphylla and Teucrium polium as possible natural antioxidant substances and sources of bioactive molecules.

TEUPONXN: A NEO-CLERODANE DITERPENE FROM TEUCRIUM JAPONICUM

A nco—clcrodane diterpcne, teuponin, was isolated from the aerial parts of Teucrium japonicum. Its structure was established as (12S)—19—nor—neo—clcroda— 15a—hydroxy—4,13-diene— 16,15;18,6β;20,12-triolide by spcctroscopic means. The absolute configuration was determined by X—ray diffraction analysis and CD spectrum.

TEUPERNIN D: A CHLORINE-CONTAINING NEO-CLERODANE DITERPENE FROM TEUCRIUM PERNYI

A new chlorine-containing neo-clerodane diterpene, teupernin D, was isolated from the aerial parts of Teucrium pernyi. The structure for teupernin D was established as (12S) -15, 16-epoxy-8β-hydroxy-17-chloro-19-nor10α-neo-cleroda-4, 13(16), 14-triene-18,6β;20,12-diolide on the basis of spectral evidence. The absolute configuration was established by CD spectrum and confirmed by X-ray crystallographic analysis.

TEUPERNIN A,B AND C,THREE ENT-CLERODANE DITERPENOIDS FROM TEUCRIUM PERNYI FRANCH

Three furanoid ent-clerodane diterpenoids,teupernin A,B and C have been isolated from the acetone extract of Teucrium pernyi Franch.Their structures were established by spectroscopic means(UV,IR,MS,~1H NMR,^(13)C NMR,H-H COSY,C-H COSY and NOE)and by comparison with related compounds.

Inhibitory Activity on Xanthine Oxidase and Antioxidant Properties of <i>Teucrium polium</i>

The antioxidative activities of subfractions;methanol (CE), chloroform (CHE) and ethyl acetate (EAE) of Teucrium polium extracts (TPE) were investigated. HPLC analysis of the plant revealed the existence of procyanidins B1 and B2, gallic acid, catechin and epicatechin. All the extracts showed inhibitory properties on xanthine oxidase, with IC50 ranging from 0.80 ± 0.07 to 11.76 ± 0.50 μM/quercetin equivalent. In the cellular system, all the extracts showed a protec-tive effect greater than those of quercetin, rutin and gallic acid against t-BHP induced oxidative damages in human erythrocytes. These results were clearly confirmed by a modified thiobarbituric acid-reactive species (TBARS), and β-carotene/linoleic acid assay which demonstrated that CHE possess an inhibition ratio of the linoleic acid oxidation (83.11%) close to that of BHT (96.77%). In addition, the results showed that the extracts possess a potent DPPH radical scavenging activity and gave a reduction power greater than rutin, quercetin, gallic acid and ascorbic acid in FRAP assay. These results show that Teucrium polium extracts have strong antioxidant effects and may have some clinical benefits.

Teucrium polium plant extract provokes significant cell death in human lung cancer cells

Lung cancer is the first common malignancy worldwide;in view of the limited success of available treatment modalities for this cancer, alternative and complementary strategies need to be developed. On the other hand, Teucrium polium (TP) is a medicinal plant that has been used for more than two thousand years for treating many diseases such as abdominal pain, indigestion and diabetes in the Middle East. However, the effect of TP plant extract on hu-man non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has not been investigated yet. In this study, we exam-ined the effects of TP extract on cell prolifera-tion, cell cycle progression and cell death in H322 and A549 lung cell lines. Our results show that TP plant extract inhibits cell proliferation and deregulates cell cycle progression. More importantly, TP plant extract causes a dramatic cell death in both cell lines in comparison with untreated cells. Our data suggest that this plant extract could have an important therapeutic role in the treatment of human NSCLC.

A New Triterpenoid from Teucrium Integrifolium

A new ursane-type triterpene, 3 beta-hydroxy-urs-5(6)-en-28-oic acid 1, was isolated from the aerial parts of Teucrium integrifolium and characterized. The structure of this new compound was mainly established by 2D NMR techniques (COSY, HETCOR, HMBC).

Isolation and Identification of the Major Chemical Components Found in the Upper Parts of Teucrium Pofium Plants Grown in Khuzestan Province of Iran

Teucrium polium is a dwarf sub-shrub usually 30-60 cm high with many branches, which is fairly distributed throughout Iran, with its flowering being season mainly from April to July. The plant was collected during its flowering season in Baghmalek region in the North-East of Khuzestan province, Iran. After the identification of the genus, species and variety of the plant, the dried whole plant （flowers, fruits and the leaves） was steam distilled with different methods. The isolated essential oil was dried over anhydrous sodium sulphate and stored at 4-6 ℃. Analysis of the essential oil was carried out by GC-MS technique. At least 10 major components were identified （3-carene/α-pinene, β-phellandrene, limonene, germacrene, β-bourbonene, β-caryophylene, γ-muurolene, γ-elemene, spathulenol, β-eudesmol） （totally 97.02%）. Also, successive TLC and column chromatography of the essential oil resulted in the separation of four fractions. Based upon 1^H NMR, IR and mass spectra, the fractions with Rf=0.12 and 0.93 were determined as gualol and a mixture of α-pinene, β-phellandrene and limonene, respectively.

Modeling and optimization of the insecticidal effects of Teucrium polium L. essential oil against red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum Herbst) using response surface methodology

The utilization of natural materials in the post-harvest process of agricultural products is necessary for the production of safe food.In recent years,the use of essential oil extracted from aromatic plants has shown significant potential for insect pest management.Toxicity and antifeedant effects of essential oil isolated from aerial parts of Teucrium polium L.have been investigated against the red flour beetle,Tribolium castaneum Herbst,as one of the most detrimental insect pests of post-harvest cereals in the present study.The chemical profile of this oil was also assessed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)and lycopersene(26.00%),dodecane(14.78%),1,5-dimethyl decahydronaphthalene(9.27%)and undecane(7.18%)were identified as main components.For evaluation of the fumigant toxicity and antifeedant effects using multiple regression analysis,a quadratic polynomial and linear equation were obtained,respectively.Adequacy and accuracy of the fitted models were checked through analysis of variance.T.polium essential oil exhibited significant fumigant toxicity on the T.castaneum adults and based on modeling using RSM,the concentration of 20μl/l and 72 min exposure time was calculated as the optimum conditions for 97.97%mortality with 87.8%desirability.A concentration of 14.13μl/l was also estimated as the optimum value for 94.66%Feeding Deferens Index with 92%desirability.The mortality and anti-nutritional effect,in general,increased with increasing of exposure times and the essential oil concentrations.Results designated a great potential of T.polium essential oil for management of the red flour beetle.Further,it was found that the Response Surface Methodology was a promising method for the prediction of these bio-effects.

Chemical constituents from Teucrium viscidum

A new monoterpenoid,4,5,8-trihydroxy-6（7）-en-decenoic acid γ-lactone（1） and six known compounds,3,7-dimethyloct-1-ene-3,6,7-triol（2）,2,8-bornanediol（3）,1-（4-hydroxyphenyl）ethane-1,2-diol（4）,2-（3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl）-propane-1,3-diol（5）,indole-3-carboxylic acid（6）,and 3-hydroxy-benzenemethanol（7） were isolated from the whole parts of Teucrium viscidum.Their structures were established by a combination of spectroscopic data analysis,besides comparison with literature data.Compounds 2–7 described above were isolated from this genus for the first time.

Fumigant toxicity and sublethal effects of Teucrium polium essential oil on Aphis fabae scopoli A

Objective: Black bean aphid(Aphis fabae) is one of the most important greenhouse and crop pests with a wide range of hosts, which causes damages through feeding on vegetable sap and transmitting viral diseases. Currently, chemical methods are mainly used to control this pest. Considering the adverse effects of pesticides, it is essential to apply less chemical pesticide in pest control programs. The lethal and sublethal effects of the essential oil(EO) of Teucrium polium leaves on one-day-old adults of black bean aphid were investigated under laboratory conditions.Method: The bioassay was evaluated at the concentrations of 0.88-12 μL/L air, for 24 h after treatment.Reproductive life table parameters of new emerged aphid surveyed at sub-lethal concentrations(LC20 and LC40) of EO and the biological reproductive table was calculated by Jackknife method.Results: The mortality rate increased significantly with the increasing of EO concentration. The estimated LC50 value was 4.5 μL/L air. Laboratory exposure to sublethal concentrations of EO caused significant decrease in adult female longevity and fertility of surviving aphids and as a result caused significant reduction in the intrinsic rate of natural increase(rmvalue).Conclusion: The results of this study revealed that EO of T. polium could be used as a potential control agent for the aphid.

糯米香茶的生物活性研究

利用DPPH和羟自由基模型来研究糯米香茶乙醇提取物的抗氧化活性。采用MTT法研究糯米香茶乙醇提取物对L1210(小鼠白血病)和LOVO(人类大肠癌)细胞的抑制活性。结果表明糯米香茶乙醇提取物对DPPH和羟自由基均有明显的清除作用,IC50值分别为0.22g/L和0.99g/L。糯米香茶乙醇提取物对L1210(小鼠白血病)和LOVO(人类大肠癌)细胞也有一定的抑制活性,IC50值分别为122.8mg/L和106.0mg/L。

超临界CO_2萃取/气相色谱-质谱联用分析糯米香茶中的挥发油

采用超临界CO2萃取糯米香茶(Teucrium manghuaense)叶片的挥发性成分,经毛细管气相色谱—质谱联用仪(GC-MS)分析,鉴定其中的43种挥发性化合物,用气相色谱峰面积归一法测定各组分的相对百分含量。结果表明,其主要成分为角鲨烯(39.4%)、亚麻酸(20.5%)、丁香酚(14.7%)、叶绿醇(7.89%)、棕榈酸(4.81%)、γ-衣兰油烯(3.36%)和4-(4,5-二甲基苯基)-哌啶(1.29%)等。本研究旨在为进一步开发利用糯米香茶资源提供科学依据。

香科科属植物的化学成分和药理活性研究进展

近年来,香科科属植物的化学成分和药理活性不断地引起学术界的广泛关注,萜类、黄酮和苯丙素类化合物是该属植物的主要次生代谢产物。最近,大量的文献报道了该属植物在化学成分和药理活性方面的研究新进展。本文对近10年香科科属植物新的研究进展进行了系统的综述,以便为该属植物的进一步研究提供理论依据。

大唇香科科脂溶性成分研究

目的:研究大唇香科科Teucrium labiosum的脂溶性成分。方法:以乙醇提取,硅胶、Sephadex LH-20柱色谱等方法进行分离,根据理化常数和光谱数据鉴定结构。结果:分离鉴定了6个化合物,分别为正十八烷酸(Ⅰ)、α-菠菜甾醇(Ⅱ)、脱镁叶绿素甲酯(Ⅲ)、木栓醇(Ⅳ)、羽扇豆醇(Ⅴ)和△5,22-豆甾烯醇(Ⅵ)。结论:以上化合物均为首次从该种植物中分离得到。

水果兰耐阴性研究

以水果兰为研究材料,研究不同光照条件(全光照、遮阴30%、遮阴65%和遮阴85%)对水果兰的形态、生理指标及光合特性的影响。结果表明,随着遮阴强度的增加,水果兰的叶长、叶宽、叶面积、叶片厚度等形态指标和电导率、叶绿素等生理指标降低,叶片厚度、冠幅、叶绿素a/b、叶片最大净光合速率、光补偿点、光饱和点和暗呼吸速率等光合参数先增高后降低,在30%遮阴强度下最高。说明水果兰有一定的耐阴性,在30%遮阴强度下生长较好,遮阴度过大,水果兰生长受到抑制。

香科科属植物中二萜研究进展

文章综述了近五年来国内外研究香科科属植物中二萜的进展情况，列出了33个二萜化合物的简要理化常数，重点分析了Clerodane型二萜的结构特点及光谱特征。

薄层扫描法测定香科属植物中4种新克罗烷型二萜的含量

目的 :用薄层扫描法测定香科属植物中 4种新克罗烷型二萜 :teucvidin (I) ,19 acetyl teuspinin (II) ,teuscorodonin (III) ,teuperninA (IV)。 方法 :样品经丙酮超声提取后 ,用XAD 2型大孔树脂去除色素 ;在高效硅胶薄层板上点样后展开 ,展开剂为乙酸乙酯—正己烷 (6∶5 )。所得斑点用Ehrlich试剂显色 ,扫描测定。结果 :各新克罗烷型二萜的线性范围在 0 6 3～ 2 18μg ,回收率为 92 4%～ 97 8% ,应用本法测定了香科属植物铁轴草、庐山香科丙酮浸膏中新克罗烷型二萜的含量。结论 :本法简便易行 ,分析速度快 ,重现性好 ,可用于香科属植物中新克罗烷型二萜的测定。为开发资源 ,评价药物质量 。