Understanding the superior mechanical properties of Mg-3Al-Zn alloy sheets:Role of multi-type unique textures

Mg-3Al-1Zn(AZ31)sheets were produced by transverse gradient extrusion(TGE)process.The flow behavior and dynamic recrystallization during extrusion were systematically analyzed.The microstructures,textures,and mechanical behavior of extruded AZ31 sheet were also analyzed and compared with conventional extruded(CE)sheet.The results showed that fine grain structure and multi-type unique textures were formed in TGE sheet because of the generation of extra flow velocity along transverse direction(TD)and flow velocity gradient along extrusion direction(ED)during extrusion.The basal poles gradually deviated away normal direction(ND)from edge to center of the TGE sheet along TD,and the largest inclination angle at center region reached around 65°.Furthermore,the basal poles inclined from ED to TD 40°-63°,except for the center region of TGE sheet.The TGE sheet presented higher ductility and strain hardening exponent(n-value),but lower yield strength and Lankford value(r-value)in comparison with the CE sheet.Both the basal<a>slip and tensile twins were easy to be activated during deformation,and the largest elongation of 41%and the lowest yield strength of 86.5 MPa were obtained for the ED-center sample in the TGE sheet.

Correlation of image textures of a polarization feature parameter and the microstructures of liver fibrosis tissues

Mueller matrix imaging is emerging for the quantitative characterization of pathological microstructures and is especially sensitive to fibrous structures.Liver fibrosis is a characteristic of many types of chronic liver diseases.The clinical diagnosis of liver fibrosis requires time-consuming multiple staining processes that specifically target on fibrous structures.The staining proficiency of technicians and the subjective visualization of pathologists may bring inconsistency to clinical diagnosis.Mueller matrix imaging can reduce the multiple staining processes and provide quantitative diagnostic indicators to characterize liver fibrosis tissues.In this study,a fibersensitive polarization feature parameter(PFP)was derived through the forward sequential feature selection(SFS)and linear discriminant analysis(LDA)to target on the identification of fibrous structures.Then,the Pearson correlation coeffcients and the statistical T-tests between the fiber-sensitive PFP image textures and the liver fibrosis tissues were calculated.The results show the gray level run length matrix(GLRLM)-based run entropy that measures the heterogeneity of the PFP image was most correlated to the changes of liver fibrosis tissues at four stages with a Pearson correlation of 0.6919.The results also indicate the highest Pearson correlation of 0.9996 was achieved through the linear regression predictions of the combination of the PFP image textures.This study demonstrates the potential of deriving a fiber-sensitive PFP to reduce the multiple staining process and provide textures-based quantitative diagnostic indicators for the staging of liver fibrosis.

Three-Point Bending Test and Crack Detection by Acoustic Emission on Different Spring Steel Wires with Different Crystallographic Textures

In the production of compression springs,high forming velocities and grades of deformation during winding and setting may induce cracks that can lead to failure causing risks of an accident and damage.The AE(acoustic emission)technology,a non-destructive monitoring method,can detect acoustic signals reflected from cracks.To establish this method in the production of technical springs,it was necessary,to find out whether the AE signal is influenced by material properties,phase fractions distribution from tempered martensite,retained austenite,and microstructure including crystallographic texture.In addition,it was investigated to what extent the detected AE signal can be useful to separate between an actual crack and other material responses.Within an in-situ three-point bending test with the AE technology,macro-and micro-crack-typical AE signals were detected for five different spring steel wires(SH,VDSiCr,and FDSiCr according to EN-10270-1 and EN-10270-2).The relative energy related to the initiation,propagation,and growth of cracks caused by mechanical stress was measured using a piezoelectric sensor.If a crack AE signal appeared for the first time,the bending tests were stopped immediately.The results show that the frequency spectrum combined with the intensity of the acoustic signals generated during crack growth depends on the material properties and the crystallographic texture.Furthermore,it could be shown that it is possible to differentiate between micro-crack-typical AE signals and other signals that result from different material responses.

Evolution of recrystallization textures in high voltage aluminum capacitor foils

The evolution of recrystallization textures in high voltage aluminum capacitor foils which are produced with a high level of cold reduction was tracked by analysis of microstructure and crystallographic texture. The results show that the deformation textures are mainly composed of S orientation, Cu orientation and a little B s orientation. During the low temperature stages of final annealing, the iron precipitates first along the sub grain boundaries, and the Fe concentration in the matrix becomes low. Then, the cube grains nucleate preferably into the sub grains. At high temperature stages, the cube nuclei can grow preferably because of their 40°<111> orientation relationship to the S orientation, the main component of the rolling texture. Finally, the cube texture is sharply strong and the R orientation is very weak in the foils.

The effect of extrusion conditions on the properties and textures of AZ31B alloy

The effect of extrusion conditions on the tensile properties and texture of AZ31B alloy has been investigated by means of optical microscopy(OM),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),electron backscattered diffraction(EBSD)and tensile tests.It is found that the ultimate tensile strength(UTS),the yield strength(YS)and elongation(EN)of the extruded AZ31B alloy are more significantly influenced by extrusion velocities in contrast with temperature.Although the extrusion conditions are different,the {1102}<0101> texture is the chief texture in the AZ31B after extrusion.Moreover,the extrusion textures become scattered with increasing the temperatures at the same extrusion velocity.As the extrusion velocity is raised at the same temperature,the orientation density of textures increases and the separated textures become relatively concentrated.This leads to the changes of tensile properties at different extrusion conditions.©2017 Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Chongqing University.

Bulk and local textures of pure magnesium processed by rotary swaging

Rotary swaging processing on commercial as-cast pure Mg has been carried out. Bulk texture variation with the processing passes was investigated using large gauge volume by neutron diffraction, of which results showed a combination of different components such as {00.2} basal fibre and two weak {10.0} and {11.0} fibres. Asymmetric distribution of the basal fibre around swaging direction was observed and being related to the processing parameters. Texture gradient analysis by synchrotron radiation demonstrates a non-uniform deformation of the RS processed pure Mg from surface to the centre.

Highly c-axis Oriented YBCO Thin Films Deposited on Cold Rolling Ag Substrates and Textures of Cold-Rolling and Recrystallization in Ag

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Surface textures of quartz grains from a core at the Prydz Bay,Antarctica

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创造无限——专业级的纹理制作软件Infinity Textures

这一段时期．笔者一直在从事虚拟现实．以及游戏场景的开发制作。在贴图纹理的处理上．应用于网络的虚拟现实技术，像vrml三维场景要求贴图尽可能的小．以减少浏览这下载的时间，一个重要的技巧就是利用四方连续的图片纹理．比如，一面高楼的整个贴图．当然不会是整张的图片，而仅是一张小门窗的四方连续图片．一伸展开。

Textures and Magnetic Properties of Grain Oriented ElectricalSteel Produced by Cross Shear Rolling

Commercial grain oriented electrical steels were made by cross shear rolling (CSR) with a chosen mismatch speed ratio 1.1. Original sheets of 0.75 mm thick, which had been produced by conventional cold rolling and intermediate annealing were rolled to thickness from 0.35 mm to 0.15 mm, and followed by industry annealing. The deformation texture and the magnetic properties were measured. Results indicate that: in the condition of the CSR, the deformation texture of rolled sheet is generally similar to that of conventional rolled sheet; for sheets with the thicknesses from 0.35 mm to 0.25 mm, favorable deformation textures, mainly consisting of {111} <112>, are also found at subsudece layers, which may help produce sharp Goss texture, and after the final annealing, the magnetic properties of sheets are not lower than that of conventional rolled

High- and Ultrahigh-pressure Metamorphism and Retrogressive Textures of Gneiss in the Donghai Area——Evidence from gneisses in drillhole ZK2304

In the gneisses from the drillhole ZK2304 of the Donghai area, there have been preserved high- and ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic mineral assemblages, a series of complicated retrogressive textures and relevant metamorphic reactions. In addition to garnet, jadeititic-clinopyroxene and rutile, other peak stage (M2) minerals in some gneisses include phengite, aragonite and coesite or quartz pseudomorphs after coesite. The typical peak-stage mineral assemblages in gneisses are characterized by garnet + jadeitic-clinopyroxene + rutile + coesite, garnet + jadeitic-clinopyroxene + phengite + rutile ± coesite and garnet + jadeitic-clinopyroxene + aragonite + rutile ± coesite. The grossular content (Gro) in garnet is high and may reach 50. 1 mol%. The SiO2 content of phengite ranges from 54.37% to 54.84% with 3.54-3.57 p.f.u. Quartz pseudomorphs after coesite occur as inclusions in garnet.The gneisses of the Donghai area have been subjected to multistage recrystallization and exhibit a closewise P-T

Water and salt movement in different soil textures under various negative irrigating pressures

This study examined the effect of different negative pressures and soil textures on water and salt movement to improve the efficiency of negative pressure irrigation(NPI).Four soil textures of varying fineness(Loamy Sand,Loam,Silty Loam,and Sandy Loam) and three negative pressure values(0,-5,and-10 kPa) were used.As irrigation time increased,wetting front movement speeds decreased,and as negative pressure increased,wetting front size decreased.Coarse soils had the smallest wetting front under greater negative pressure.Next,water infiltration rate decreased as irrigation time increased,and coarse soils had the lowest average infiltration rate under greater negative pressure.Finally,salt content increased with distance from the irrigation emitter and with increased negative pressure.Further,coarse soils were found to have decreased desalination under greater negative pressure.Thus,soil texture has a strong effect on NPI efficiency.However,by adjusting pressure values in accordance with soil texture,soil water content can be controlled and maintained.These findings are important to the improvement of NPI systems,increasing their practicality for agricultural use.

TEXTURES, INTERFACE AND FRACTURE OF A 1D-C/C PREPARED BY CVD

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Finite element polycrystal model simulation of cold rolling textures in deformation processed two-phase Nb/Al metal-metal composites

The finite element polycrystal model (FEPM) was extended and applied to simulate the development of the cold rolling textures of matrix aluminum in deformation processed two-phase 10% and 20%Nb/Al(in volume fraction) metal-metal composites on the basis of slip deformation of individual grains. This simulation method can assure the continuity of stress and displacement at the boundary during heterogeneous deformation and take arbitrary boundary conditions into consideration. The starting hot-extruded textures, as initial input condition, were taken into account in the FEPM simulation. The simulation results show that the main texture components and their evolution after various cold rolling reductions in 10% and 20%Nb/Al metal-metal composites are well qualitatively in agreement with the experimental ones. The initially extruded textures are rather weak, so they have no much influence on the simulated final cold rolling textures of the matrix aluminum for Nb/Al composites.

Monitoring Thermal Coagulation with Ultrasonic Textures

The feasibility of using B-mode ultrasound image textures and pattern recognition technique to characterize the thermal coagulation in vitro during radiofrequency ablation was investigated. The changes of ultrasonic textures in the different regions of samples varied with the heating time in the in-vitro experiments, which would result in that the coagulated and noncoagulated regions of tissue had different ultrasonic textures. Using support vector machine to extract the ultrasonic texture features and characterize the state of tissue, the size and boundaries of thermal lesions could be detected and measured more exactly than only using the gray scale information of B-mode ultrasound image. The proposed method would be applied to the image-guided radiofrequency ablation (IGRA) procedure for monitoring the thermal coagulation.

MICROSTRUCTURES AND TEXTURES IN COLD-ROLLED ALUMINIUM STRIP

ＭＩＣＲＯＳＴＲＵＣＴＵＲＥＳＡＮＤＴＥＸＴＵＲＥＳＩＮＣＯＬＤＲＯＬＬＥＤＡＬＵＭＩＮＩＵＭＳＴＲＩＰ①ＮｉｅＺｕｏｒｅｎ，ＺｈａｎｇＸｉｎｍｉｎｇ，ＹｉｎＺｈｉｍｉｎＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＭａｔｅｒｉａｌｓＳｃｉｅｎｃｅａｎｄＥｎｇｉｎｅｒｉ...

Are They Formed by Undercooling Crystallization or Devitrification？－On Origin of Various Textures inPlasticFragmentsofWeldedTuffs

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TEXTURES OF ETHYL-ACETYL CELLULOSE MESOPHASE

There was phase separation between the anisotropic and isotropic phases in the ethyl-acetyl cellulose/dichloroacetic acid cholesteric liquid crystalline solutions .The textures of mesophase varied with the concentration. The mesophases could form the disc-like texture, oily streaks texture and texture of domains gathered randomly. In the first two textures the layers of the ordered molecular chain were perpendicular to the slide surface and the axes of the helical structure were parallel to the slide surface.

REFRACTOMETRY AND TEXTURES OF METHYL-CYANOETHYL CELLULOSE/DICHLOROACETIC ACID LIQUID CRYSTA LLI NE SOLUTIONS^+

An Abbe refractometer with a rotatable polarizer mounted on the eyepiece is used for determining the two principal refractive indices of methyl-cyanoethyl cellulose/dichloroacetic acid liquid crystalline solutions. The critical concentration where the mesophase appears can be determined according to the variation of the increment of the refractive index with the concentration. Mesophase textures of the liquid crystalline solutions are observed and the influence of the concentration on mesophase textures is also discussed.

AN ADVANCED TECHNIQUE FOR THE TEXTURES MEASUREMENTAND ANALYSIS FOR THE MULTILAYER MATERIALS

In view of being difficult to find a non-oriented multilayer specimen, the precise defocusing correction become a particular obstacle of quantitative texture analyszs of the multzlayer. A new method is employed in this paper for comcting the eoperzment data. And a theoretical calculation for the defocus curre is proposed thinking about both thc dtherent film thickness and the penetration depth of the incident beam in the films. A critical value jor the defocusing cormction in the film is alsi cinsidered. This new tcchnique is applied to the Zn-Cu multilayer for which the quantitative texture analysis is completed by the modified maxitnum entropy tnethod.