The editorial board of Acupuncture and Herbal Medicine recently convened an academic seminar with a focus on studies regarding the mechanisms mediating acupuncture efficacy and moxibustion action inspired by the 2021 ...The editorial board of Acupuncture and Herbal Medicine recently convened an academic seminar with a focus on studies regarding the mechanisms mediating acupuncture efficacy and moxibustion action inspired by the 2021 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.Specifically,Professor Bailong Xiao introduced the Nobel Prize for research on the mechanically activated Piezo ion channel,evaluating the structure of the Piezo channel and its physiological and pathological functions,and proposed a possible role for the Piezo channel in acupuncture mechanical stimulation.Professor Michael Xi Zhu introduced the discovery of the transient receptor potential(TRP)family,reporting that the therapeutic effects of Chinese medicine and acupuncture may be achieved via the TRP family,and that information regarding associations between the meridian and lymphatic systems may have important research and medical value.In addition,Professor Tianle Xu reviewed the history of ion channel research,particularly the physiological and pharmacological effects of non-classical ion channels(eg,the acid sensing ion channel family)and pointed out that the characterization and neural circuits of acupuncture deqi manipulation are important for elucidating the mechanisms of acupuncture actions.Professor Yongming Li similarly proposed that the 2021 Nobel Prize may open the door to disclosing the histological basis of acupuncture and moxibustion and analyzing the main scientific concerns regarding the clinical translation of acupuncture and moxibustion from basic to translational research.Finally,Professor Yi Guo summarized the study progress of the acupoint microenvironment induced by acupuncture over the course of nearly 30 years and put forward the hypothesis that acupuncture may initiate the physical-chemical coupling network by activating ion channel receptors in acupoints via physical and mechanical stimulation.Therefore,we conclude that a primary achievement of the 2021 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine is in helping interpret how acupuncture and moxibustion adjust homeostasis(ie,by activating mechanical and thermal sensation),which is conducive to validating and promoting the clinical efficacy of acupuncture modalities.展开更多
The 2018 Medicine Nobel Prize was awarded jointly to two immunologists, James P. Allison at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center in Houston and Tasuku Honjo at Kyoto University in Japan, who pioneered a n...The 2018 Medicine Nobel Prize was awarded jointly to two immunologists, James P. Allison at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center in Houston and Tasuku Honjo at Kyoto University in Japan, who pioneered a new way to treat cancers (Ledford et al. 2018).展开更多
2018年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖颁发给美国科学家詹姆斯·艾利森(James P. Allison)和日本科学家本庶佑(Tasuku Honjo),以表彰他们在发现"抑制负性免疫调节的癌症疗法"方面所做出的贡献。其中Allison教授发现了CTLA-4可以作...2018年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖颁发给美国科学家詹姆斯·艾利森(James P. Allison)和日本科学家本庶佑(Tasuku Honjo),以表彰他们在发现"抑制负性免疫调节的癌症疗法"方面所做出的贡献。其中Allison教授发现了CTLA-4可以作为免疫系统攻击肿瘤的"刹车分子",而Honjo教授发现了免疫系统中的检验点PD-1。基于这二人的发现,近年来以PD-1/PD-L1为代表的免疫检查点抑制剂(PD-1/PD-L1抗体)在肿瘤治疗领域大放异彩。阐述了上述诺奖工作中PD-1/PD-L1和CTLA-4的发现、PD-1/PD-L1和CTLA-4以及它们在肿瘤免疫治疗中的作用机理,讨论了PD-1/PD-L1相关抑制剂的研究现状,并对免疫疗法在肿瘤治疗中的重要意义及前景进行了分析。展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82030125 and 81873369)。
文摘The editorial board of Acupuncture and Herbal Medicine recently convened an academic seminar with a focus on studies regarding the mechanisms mediating acupuncture efficacy and moxibustion action inspired by the 2021 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.Specifically,Professor Bailong Xiao introduced the Nobel Prize for research on the mechanically activated Piezo ion channel,evaluating the structure of the Piezo channel and its physiological and pathological functions,and proposed a possible role for the Piezo channel in acupuncture mechanical stimulation.Professor Michael Xi Zhu introduced the discovery of the transient receptor potential(TRP)family,reporting that the therapeutic effects of Chinese medicine and acupuncture may be achieved via the TRP family,and that information regarding associations between the meridian and lymphatic systems may have important research and medical value.In addition,Professor Tianle Xu reviewed the history of ion channel research,particularly the physiological and pharmacological effects of non-classical ion channels(eg,the acid sensing ion channel family)and pointed out that the characterization and neural circuits of acupuncture deqi manipulation are important for elucidating the mechanisms of acupuncture actions.Professor Yongming Li similarly proposed that the 2021 Nobel Prize may open the door to disclosing the histological basis of acupuncture and moxibustion and analyzing the main scientific concerns regarding the clinical translation of acupuncture and moxibustion from basic to translational research.Finally,Professor Yi Guo summarized the study progress of the acupoint microenvironment induced by acupuncture over the course of nearly 30 years and put forward the hypothesis that acupuncture may initiate the physical-chemical coupling network by activating ion channel receptors in acupoints via physical and mechanical stimulation.Therefore,we conclude that a primary achievement of the 2021 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine is in helping interpret how acupuncture and moxibustion adjust homeostasis(ie,by activating mechanical and thermal sensation),which is conducive to validating and promoting the clinical efficacy of acupuncture modalities.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (91742114 and 91642118)the National Scientific and Technological Major Project of China (2017ZX10202203)the Integrated Innovative Team for Major Human Diseases Program of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology and the Sino-German Virtual Institute for Viral Immunology
文摘The 2018 Medicine Nobel Prize was awarded jointly to two immunologists, James P. Allison at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center in Houston and Tasuku Honjo at Kyoto University in Japan, who pioneered a new way to treat cancers (Ledford et al. 2018).
文摘2018年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖颁发给美国科学家詹姆斯·艾利森(James P. Allison)和日本科学家本庶佑(Tasuku Honjo),以表彰他们在发现"抑制负性免疫调节的癌症疗法"方面所做出的贡献。其中Allison教授发现了CTLA-4可以作为免疫系统攻击肿瘤的"刹车分子",而Honjo教授发现了免疫系统中的检验点PD-1。基于这二人的发现,近年来以PD-1/PD-L1为代表的免疫检查点抑制剂(PD-1/PD-L1抗体)在肿瘤治疗领域大放异彩。阐述了上述诺奖工作中PD-1/PD-L1和CTLA-4的发现、PD-1/PD-L1和CTLA-4以及它们在肿瘤免疫治疗中的作用机理,讨论了PD-1/PD-L1相关抑制剂的研究现状,并对免疫疗法在肿瘤治疗中的重要意义及前景进行了分析。
