THE ANALYSIS OF DYNAMIC STRESS INTENSITY FACTOR FOR SEMI-CIRCULAR SURFACE CRACK USING TIME-DOMAIN BEM FORMULATION

The time-domain BEM was developed to analyze the dynamic stress intensity factor ( DSIF) of 3-D elastodynamic crack problems. To simulate the stress singularity along the front of a crack, eight-node isoparametric singular elements were used, and the DSIF for a semi-circular surface crack was firstly calculated based on displacement equation using the time-domain BEM formulation. The new scheme to determine the time step was brought forward. By the dynamic analysis program of time-domain BEM compiled by its, several numerical examples are presented, which demonstrate the unconditional stability and high accuracy of time-domain BEM applied to 3-D elastodynamic crack problems.

Mathematical Modelling and 3D FEM Analysis of the Influence of Initial Stresses on the ERR in a Band Crack’s Front in the Rectangular Orthotropic Thick Plate

This paper deals with the mathematical modelling and 3D FEM study of the energy release rate(ERR)in the band crack’s front contained in the orthotropic thick rectangular plate which is stretched or compressed initially before the loading of the crack's edge planes.The initial stretching or compressing of the plate causes uniformly distributed normal stress to appear acting in the direction which is parallel to the plane on which the band crack is located.After the appearance of the initial stress in the plate it is assumed that the crack's edge planes are loaded with additional uniformly distributed normal forces and the ERR caused with this additional loading is studied.The corresponding boundary value problem is formulated within the scope of the so-called 3D linearized theory of elasticity which allows the initial stress on the values of the ERR to be taken into consideration.Numerical results on the influence of the initial stress,anisotropy properties of the plate material,the crack’s length and its distance from the face planes of the plate on the values of the ERR,are presented and discussed.In particular,it is established that for the relatively greater length of the crack’s band,the initial stretching of the plate causes a decrease,but the initial compression causes an increase in the values of the ERR.

Thermal-induced interfacial behavior of a thin one-dimensional hexagonal quasicrystal film

In this paper,we investigate the interfacial behavior of a thin one-dimensional(1D)hexagonal quasicrystal(QC)film bonded on an elastic substrate subjected to a mismatch strain due to thermal variation.The contact interface is assumed to be nonslipping,with both perfectly bonded and debonded boundary conditions.The Fourier transform technique is adopted to establish the integral equations in terms of interfacial shear stress,which are solved as a linear algebraic system by approximating the unknown phonon interfacial shear stress via the series expansion of the Chebyshev polynomials.The expressions are explicitly obtained for the phonon interfacial shear stress,internal normal stress,and stress intensity factors(SIFs).Finally,based on numerical calculations,we briefly discuss the effects of the material mismatch,the geometry of the QC film,and the debonded length and location on stresses and SIFs.

STUDY ON THREE-DIMENSIONAL FINITE BODIES CONTAINING CRACKS USING THE FINITE ELEMENT METHOD OF LINES

The three-dimensional finite element method of lines is presented, and the basic processing description of 3D FEMOL in cracking questions is given in detail. Applications to 3D bodies with cracks indicate that good accuracy can be obtained with relatively coarse girds. In particular, application to the tension specimen shows very good agreement with the evaluation of stress intensity factors, which is better than the results of other methods. This implies a considerable potential for using this method in the 3D analysis of finite geometry solids and suggests a possible extension of this technique to nonlinear material behavior.

Investigation on 3D fatigue crack propagation in surface-cracked specimens

In the present work the fatigue crack growth in AISI304 specimens is investigated experimentally. In 3D finite element analysis the virtual crack closure technique is applied to calculate distributions and variations of the stress intensity factor along the surface crack front. It is confirmed that the stress intensity factor along the surface crack front varies non-uniformly with crack growth. Crack growth rate is proportional to the stress intensity factor distribution in the 3D cracked specimen. The fatigue crack growth in surface cracked specimens can be described by the Forman model identified in conventional compact tension specimens. For crack growth in the free specimen surface the arc length seems more suitable to quantify crack progress. Geometry and loading configuration of the surface cracked specimen seem to not affect the fatigue crack growth substantially.

水力耦合作用下岩体3维裂隙的起裂扩展模式研究

岩体裂隙在高地应力、强渗透压作用下极易发生扩展、贯通,导致岩体破裂失稳。为研究水力耦合作用下3维裂隙的起裂扩展模式,采用3维断裂分析软件FRANC3D建立水力耦合数值模型,进行数值模拟研究,并开展相应的含裂隙透明树脂类岩石材料室内破裂试验。通过对比模拟与试验结果,分析了不同断裂准则的适用性,验证了数值模型的可靠性。基于数值模拟调查了不同加载条件下裂隙前缘断裂参数的分布特征,获得了水压、侧压等关键因素对裂隙起裂角及扩展长度的影响规律。结果表明:采用优化的能量释放率准则模拟的3维裂隙空间起裂扩展模式与试验现象具有良好的一致性;裂隙长轴端点处的翼裂纹为Ⅰ-Ⅱ(张拉-滑移)型复合裂纹,短轴端点处的平面扩展为Ⅰ-Ⅲ(张拉-撕裂)型复合裂纹,除长、短轴端点外的其余位置发生Ⅰ-Ⅱ-Ⅲ型复合断裂;水压的存在显著改变了裂隙前缘的应力分布状态,水压增大可提高拉应力水平,明显促进张拉断裂的发生,使裂隙倾向于沿原裂隙面方向起裂,并导致裂隙前缘各处扩展速率趋于均衡;侧向压应力增大可显著促进张拉断裂,抑制滑移与撕裂断裂,并使裂隙前缘能量释放率呈降低趋势,从而抑制裂隙扩展,而侧向拉应力起相反作用,由此认为岩体在双向受压状态比拉压受力状态更为安全;侧向压应力与水压共同导致翼裂纹偏转角度明显减小,改变了3维裂隙的空间起裂扩展模式及岩体的宏观破裂形态。

30Cr1Mo1V转子钢应力强度因子有限元分析

通过采用20节点solid186退化奇异单元,利用ANSYS软件,对三维断裂参量进行计算和分析,结果表明位移法和J积分法确定应力强度因子是可行的;对一定尺寸的紧凑拉伸试样三维裂纹进行分析,得出30Cr1Mo1V转子钢裂纹尖端KI随裂纹长度和载荷水平改变时的变化规律,为研究汽轮机转子裂纹扩展规律提供了合理、有效的方法.

D型截面管应力强度因子分析方法

应力强度因子的确定是断裂力学在实际工程应用的首要任务。分别根据虚功原理和材料力学弯曲理论的裂纹面非自发扩展能量释放率,即J_2积分理论求解D型截面管的在拉伸和弯曲载荷作用下的裂纹应力强度因子表达式。给出的方法能得到封闭解,且计算简单。并将结果与有限元解进行分析比较,进一步指出了计算方法的有效性。

Analysis of Three-dimensional Crack Propagation by Using Displacement Discontinuity Method

A technique for modelling of three-dimensional(3D)quasi-statically propagating cracks in elastic bodies by the displacement discontinuity method(DDM)was described.When the crack is closed,the Mohr-coulomb rule on the two contacted surfaces of the crack must be satisfied.A simple iterative method was adopted in order to consider three different states of cracks.Under the assumption that the advance of the point on the crack front would occur only in the normal plane which is through this edge point,the maximum energy release rate criterion is modified to be used as the criterion for the crack growth.With discretization,the process of crack propagation can be seen as the advance of the vertices of the crack front.The program MCP3D was developed based on these theories to simulate the 3D quasi-static crack propagation.A numerical example of a penny-shaped crack subject to tension and compression in an infinite elastic media was analyzed with MCP3D,and the results in comparison with others' show that the present method for 3D crack propagation is effective.

Interfacial fracture analysis for a two-dimensional decagonal quasi-crystal coating layer structure

The interface crack problems in the two-dimensional(2D)decagonal quasicrystal(QC)coating are theoretically and numerically investigated with a displacement discontinuity method.The 2D general solution is obtained based on the potential theory.An analogy method is proposed based on the relationship between the general solutions for 2D decagonal and one-dimensional(1D)hexagonal QCs.According to the analogy method,the fundamental solutions of concentrated point phonon displacement discontinuities are obtained on the interface.By using the superposition principle,the hypersingular boundary integral-differential equations in terms of displacement discontinuities are determined for a line interface crack.Further,Green’s functions are found for uniform displacement discontinuities on a line element.The oscillatory singularity near a crack tip is eliminated by adopting the Gaussian distribution to approximate the delta function.The stress intensity factors(SIFs)with ordinary singularity and the energy release rate(ERR)are derived.Finally,a boundary element method is put forward to investigate the effects of different factors on the fracture.

Determination of stress intensity factors in ultrasonic fatigue loading

The application of displacement and energy approaches to the determination of stress intensity factors in ultrasonic fatigue crack growth (fcg) studies is discussed.The particular advantages as well as the limitations of the two approaches are evaluated.Two types of ultrasonic fatigue loading with different stress ratios are exerted on the specimen respectively: the ultrasonic fatigue loading with a stress ratio R=-1 and the ultrasonic fatigue excitations superposed upon a static mean stress with R>-1 From comparison the conclusion is formed that the energy approach developed in the investigation is more accurate,concise and suitable than commonly adopted approaches and/or formulas proposed.Experimental fcg data on a titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V and the characteristic mechanism of the ultrasonic fcg are investigated.

Three-dimensional interfacial fracture analysis of a one-dimensional hexagonal quasicrystal coating

In this paper, the three-dimensional(3D) interfacial fracture is analyzed in a one-dimensional(1D) hexagonal quasicrystal(QC) coating structure under mechanical loading. A planar interface crack with arbitrary shape is studied by a displacement discontinuity method. Fundamental solutions of interfacial concentrated displacement discontinuities are obtained by the Hankel transform technique, and the corresponding boundary integral-differential equations are constructed with the superposition principle.Green’s functions of constant interfacial displacement discontinuities within a rectangular element are derived, and a boundary element method is proposed for numerical simulation.The singularity of stresses near the crack front is investigated, and the stress intensity factors(SIFs) as well as energy release rates(ERRs) are determined. Finally, relevant influencing factors on the fracture behavior are discussed.

Computational Fracture Analysis of an AFM-Specimen under Mixed Mode Loading Conditions

Fracture processes in ship-building structures are in many cases of a 3-D character. A finite element （FE） model of an all fracture mode （AFM） specimen was built for the study of 3-D mixed mode crack fracture behavior including modes Ⅰ,Ⅱ, and Ⅲ. The stress intensity factors （SIFs） were calculated by the modified virtual crack closure integral （MVCCI） method, and the crack initiation angle assessment was based on a recently developed 3-D fracture criterion--the Richard criterion. It was shown that the FE model of the AFM-specimen is applicable for investigations under general mixed mode loading conditions, and the computational results of crack initiation angles are in agreement with some available experimental findings. Thus, the applicability of the FE model of the AFM-specimen for mixed mode loading conditions and the validity of the Richard criterion can be demonstrated.

A SELF-SIMILAR CRACK EXPANSION METHOD FOR THREE-DIMENSIONAL CRACKS IN AN INFINITE OR SEMI-INFINITE MEDIUM

The Self-Similar Crack Expansion (SSCE) method is used to calculate stress intensity factors for three-dimensional cracks in an infinite medium or semi-infinite medium by the boundary integral element technique, whereby, the stress intensity factors at crack tips are determined by calculating the crack-opening displacements over the crack surface. For elements on the crack surface, regular integrals and singular integrals are precisely evaluated based on closed form expressions, which improves the accuracy. Examples shaw that this method yields very accurate results for stress intensity factors of penny-shaped cracks and elliptical cracks in the full space, with errors of less than 1% as compared with analytical solutions. The stress intensity factors of subsurface cracks ate in good agreement with other analytical solutions.

Modeling complex crack problems using the three-node triangular element fitted to numerical manifold method with continuous nodal stress

A three-node triangular element fitted to numerical manifold method with continuous nodal stress, called Trig_3-CNS(NMM)element, was recently proposed for linear elastic continuous problems and linear elastic simple crack problems. The Trig_3-CNS(NMM) element can be considered as a development of both the Trig_3-CNS element and the numerical manifold method(NMM).Inheriting all the advantages of Trig_3-CNS element, calculations using Trig_3-CNS(NMM) element can obtain higher accuracy than Trig_3 element without extra degrees of freedom(DOFs) and yield continuous nodal stress without stress smoothing. Inheriting all the advantages of NMM, Trig_3-CNS(NMM) element can conveniently treat crack problems without deploying conforming mathematical mesh. In this paper,complex problems such as a crucifix crack and a star-shaped crack with many branches are studied to exhibit the advantageous features of the Trig_3-CNS(NMM) element. Numerical results show that the Trig_3-CNS(NMM) element is prominent in modeling complex crack problems.

旋转叶轮三维应力分布及其改善措施

利用三维有限元素法对一个实际叶轮进行计算和分析比较 ,并提出了保证叶轮运行安全可靠的改进措施 .研究的目的在于通过提高叶轮机械的转速来扩大其运用范围 ,以满足工程改造或减少设备投资的要求 .转速增加引起的应力过大的情况可通过叶轮结构的变化来改善 .

工程结构三维疲劳裂纹最大应力强度因子计算

介绍了裂纹的类型、裂纹尖端应力场的奇异性。以一维问题为例,推导论证了奇异单元能够很好的反映裂纹尖端应力场的奇异性。应力强度因子一般表达式表明应力强度因子与载荷呈线性关系,并依赖于物体和裂纹的几何形状和尺寸。本文借助大型通用有限元软件ANSYS,采用位移外插法计算了三维表面裂纹前沿不同位置处的应力强度因子,并与《应力强度因子手册》基于实验的理论公式计算结果相比较。结果表明:有限元结果与理论解误差较小,裂纹最深处应力强度因子最大。

数值外插法求解空间裂纹应力强度因子的研究

文章使用蜕化２０节点等参元（Ｑ２０）求空间裂纹面上的位移，用数值外插法求沿裂纹前缘的应力强度因子。在选择典型算例和大量计算的基础上，分析了数值外插法在求解空间裂纹应力强度因子方面的优越性，以及单元尺寸对数值精度的影响，并通过特定方法确立了裂尖单元尺寸的最佳范围。

三维裂纹整体参数化模化方法

发展一种独立于几何结构基于参数设计的三维平片裂纹扩展有限元模拟通用方法.该方法通过包含整个裂纹面的镶嵌裂纹模型,具有裂纹体自动形成,模拟裂纹多自由度扩展的能力.通过多个典型的工程裂纹扩展模拟算例,说明该方法的精度、效率与通用性.

碾压混凝土坝诱导缝的断裂分析

本文采用三维有限元分析模型分别对矩形和椭圆形诱导片裂尖的应力强度因子进行了计算,结果表明两种模型的计算结果比较接近,但椭圆形计算公式便于应用。对无限体内含椭圆形包体的理论公式进行修正,得到了有限体内含椭圆形包体的公式。在此基础上,利用有限元分析结果和双因素回归分析建立了考虑有限体、试件尺寸类型和削弱度影响的双向间隔诱导缝应力强度因子的计算公式,便于碾压混凝土坝诱导缝的设计计算。