BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC)plays a significant role in morbidity,mortality,and economic cost in the Belt and Road Initiative(“B and R”)countries.In addition,these countries have a substantial consumption of pr...BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC)plays a significant role in morbidity,mortality,and economic cost in the Belt and Road Initiative(“B and R”)countries.In addition,these countries have a substantial consumption of processed meat.However,the burden and trend of CRC in relation to the consumption of a diet high in processed meat(DHPM-CRC)in these“B and R”countries remain unknown.AIM To analyze the burden and trend of DHPM-CRC in the“B and R”countries from 1990 to 2019.METHODS We used the 2019 Global Burden of Disease Study to collate information regarding the burden of DHPM-CRC.Numbers and age-standardized rates(ASRs)of deaths along with the disability-adjusted life years(DALYs)were determined among the“B and R”countries in 1990 and 2019.Using joinpoint regression analysis,the average annual percent change(AAPC)was used to analyze the temporal trends of age-standardized DALYs rate(ASDALR)from 1990 to 2019 and in the final decade(2010–2019).RESULTS We found geographical differences in the burden of DHPM-CRC among“B and R”countries,with the three highest-ranking countries being the Russian Federation,China,and Ukraine in 1990,and China,the Russian Federation,and Poland in 2019.The burden of DHPM-CRC generally increased in most member countries from 1990 to 2019(all P<0.05).The absolute number of deaths and DALYs in DHPM-CRC were 3151.15[95%uncertainty interval(UI)665.74-5696.64]and 83249.31(95%UI 15628.64-151956.31)in China in 2019.However,the number of deaths(2627.57-2528.51)and DALYs(65867.39-55378.65)for DHPM-CRC in the Russian Federation has declined.The fastest increase in ASDALR for DHPM-CRC was observed in Vietnam,Southeast Asia,with an AAPC value of 3.90%[95%confidence interval(CI):3.63%-4.16%],whereas the fastest decline was observed in Kyrgyzstan,Central Asia,with an AAPC value of-2.05%(95%CI:-2.37%to-1.73%).A substantial upward trend in ASR of mortality,years lived with disability,years of life lost,and DALYs from DHPM-CRC changes in 1990-2019 and the final decade(2010-2019)for most Maritime Silk Route members in East Asia,South Asia,Southeast Asia,North Africa,and the Middle East,as well as Central Europe,while those of the most Land Silk Route members in Central Asia and Eastern Europe have decreased markedly(all P<0.05).The ASDALR for DHPM-CRC increased more in males than in females(all P<0.05).For those aged 50-74 years,the ASDALR for DHPM-CRC in 40 members exhibited an increasing trend,except for 20 members,including 7 members in Central Asia,Maldives,and 12 high or high-middle social development index(SDI)members in other regions(all P<0.05).CONCLUSION The burden of DHPM-CRC varies substantially across“B and R”countries and threatens public health.Relevant evidence-based policies and interventions tailored to the different trends of countries in SDIs or Silk Routes should be adopted to reduce the future burden of CRC in“B and R”countries via extensive collaboration.展开更多
This study employs Norman Fairclough’s Critical Discourse Analysis(CDA)three-dimensional model,using the Republic of Kazakhstan as a case study,to delve into the discourse construction of China’s Belt and Road Initi...This study employs Norman Fairclough’s Critical Discourse Analysis(CDA)three-dimensional model,using the Republic of Kazakhstan as a case study,to delve into the discourse construction of China’s Belt and Road Initiative(BRI)in Central Asian countries.Through detailed analysis of policy documents,media reports,and public discussions in Central Asian countries,this paper reveals how the BRI constructs specific social practices,discourse events,and textual meanings within these nations.The findings indicate that through this global development strategy,China has not only strengthened its economic ties with Central Asian countries but has also exerted profound influences on political,cultural,and social levels.展开更多
Agriculture is related to the strategy and security of a country. Every country is very discreet about access of foreign capitals to the agricultural field. Countries along the " Belt and Road" also have imp...Agriculture is related to the strategy and security of a country. Every country is very discreet about access of foreign capitals to the agricultural field. Countries along the " Belt and Road" also have imposed restrictions on the access of foreign capitals to the agricultural field.There are restrictions on establishing agriculture-related enterprises,affiliated organizations,and branch offices. Also,there are regulations concerning the scope,proportion,performance requirement,and approval of access of foreign capitals to the agricultural field.展开更多
China is the starting point and pioneer and driver of the Silk Road Economic Belt; Russia is located in the throat place of the belt; and India is at the joint of the belt and the Maritime Silk Road. China, Russia, an...China is the starting point and pioneer and driver of the Silk Road Economic Belt; Russia is located in the throat place of the belt; and India is at the joint of the belt and the Maritime Silk Road. China, Russia, and India as the BRICS countries are geo-connected, easy to reach a consensus because of their common and similar interests. The three countries also have common inherent demands and strategic directions： connectivity, complementarity, taking advantage of the great powers of Eurasia and sea-land compound, moving toward the grand trend of modern international economy and technology development. Promoting the construction of the Silk Road Economic Belt accords with their respective interests, and is their common interests, which decide that China, Russia, and India are the key factors and dominant forces in the construction of the belt.展开更多
At present,the main focus of research lies in examining the connection between economic complexity and carbon emissions as a whole,but there is a scarcity of quantitative investigations on the link between the above v...At present,the main focus of research lies in examining the connection between economic complexity and carbon emissions as a whole,but there is a scarcity of quantitative investigations on the link between the above variables within specific industries.Therefore,this study introduces economic complexity as a new variable to build a panel model within the traditional Environmental Kuznets Curve framework.Based on the data of the countries along the Belt and Road from 1998 to 2018,we used the Granger causality test to examine the causal relationship between variables,and use the Fully Modified Ordinary Least Square and Dynamic Ordinary Least Square methods to estimate the coefficients of variables.The key factor linking economic complexity and carbon emissions in the logistics industry is technology innovation Economic complexity can explain and predict the changes in carbon emissions of logistics industry more reasonably,and the relationship between them in line with the environmental kuznets curve hypothesis.Only high-income countries can increase economic complexity while reducing carbon emissions of logistics industry.Based on the empirical analysis,it is suggested that upper-middle income and lower middle-income countries can formulate relevant policies and regulations,and high-income countries can improve the relevant policies and regulations to promote the reduction of carbon emissions of the logistics industry.Studying the impact of economic complexity on carbon emissions in the logistics industry can help better predict and respond to the impact of climate change on the logistics industry.展开更多
Trade facilitation is one of the five main agendas of the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI). Social network analysis has helped understand the complexity of trade networks, but existing studies tend to overlook the fact t...Trade facilitation is one of the five main agendas of the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI). Social network analysis has helped understand the complexity of trade networks, but existing studies tend to overlook the fact that not all bilateral trade relations are equally important to a country. To fill this gap in the literature, this paper focuses on the top 2 trade relations networks to illuminate the structure and evolution of B&R trade relations, the relative positions of different countries, and changes in the composition of trade communities(e.g., the community leaders) and the changing patterns of trade between them. We find rich dynamics over time both inter-and intra-communities. The overall international trade networks of B&R countries experienced a leadership change from Russia to China on one hand, some temporary communities experienced emergence, disappearance(e.g. the Kuwait-and Thailand-led communities) or reemergence(e.g. Poland-led community), and a community membership was generally consistent on the other hand. Since the future impacts of China's BRI will depend on the degree of integration of the connected regions, some countries with stable and high centrality indices(e.g. Russia, Singapore, Serbia, Greece, Turkey, Iran, Poland, Hungary and Romania) could be selected by China as strategic regional partners, and countries with a strategically important geographical position but weak trade links(e.g. Myanmar, Pakistan, and Belarus) should be prioritized.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82260532,and No.32060208.
文摘BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC)plays a significant role in morbidity,mortality,and economic cost in the Belt and Road Initiative(“B and R”)countries.In addition,these countries have a substantial consumption of processed meat.However,the burden and trend of CRC in relation to the consumption of a diet high in processed meat(DHPM-CRC)in these“B and R”countries remain unknown.AIM To analyze the burden and trend of DHPM-CRC in the“B and R”countries from 1990 to 2019.METHODS We used the 2019 Global Burden of Disease Study to collate information regarding the burden of DHPM-CRC.Numbers and age-standardized rates(ASRs)of deaths along with the disability-adjusted life years(DALYs)were determined among the“B and R”countries in 1990 and 2019.Using joinpoint regression analysis,the average annual percent change(AAPC)was used to analyze the temporal trends of age-standardized DALYs rate(ASDALR)from 1990 to 2019 and in the final decade(2010–2019).RESULTS We found geographical differences in the burden of DHPM-CRC among“B and R”countries,with the three highest-ranking countries being the Russian Federation,China,and Ukraine in 1990,and China,the Russian Federation,and Poland in 2019.The burden of DHPM-CRC generally increased in most member countries from 1990 to 2019(all P<0.05).The absolute number of deaths and DALYs in DHPM-CRC were 3151.15[95%uncertainty interval(UI)665.74-5696.64]and 83249.31(95%UI 15628.64-151956.31)in China in 2019.However,the number of deaths(2627.57-2528.51)and DALYs(65867.39-55378.65)for DHPM-CRC in the Russian Federation has declined.The fastest increase in ASDALR for DHPM-CRC was observed in Vietnam,Southeast Asia,with an AAPC value of 3.90%[95%confidence interval(CI):3.63%-4.16%],whereas the fastest decline was observed in Kyrgyzstan,Central Asia,with an AAPC value of-2.05%(95%CI:-2.37%to-1.73%).A substantial upward trend in ASR of mortality,years lived with disability,years of life lost,and DALYs from DHPM-CRC changes in 1990-2019 and the final decade(2010-2019)for most Maritime Silk Route members in East Asia,South Asia,Southeast Asia,North Africa,and the Middle East,as well as Central Europe,while those of the most Land Silk Route members in Central Asia and Eastern Europe have decreased markedly(all P<0.05).The ASDALR for DHPM-CRC increased more in males than in females(all P<0.05).For those aged 50-74 years,the ASDALR for DHPM-CRC in 40 members exhibited an increasing trend,except for 20 members,including 7 members in Central Asia,Maldives,and 12 high or high-middle social development index(SDI)members in other regions(all P<0.05).CONCLUSION The burden of DHPM-CRC varies substantially across“B and R”countries and threatens public health.Relevant evidence-based policies and interventions tailored to the different trends of countries in SDIs or Silk Routes should be adopted to reduce the future burden of CRC in“B and R”countries via extensive collaboration.
基金supported by Teaching and Research Project of North China Institute of Aerospace Engineering(JY-2023-19)Humanities and Social Science Research Project of Hebei Education Department(SQ2024272).
文摘This study employs Norman Fairclough’s Critical Discourse Analysis(CDA)three-dimensional model,using the Republic of Kazakhstan as a case study,to delve into the discourse construction of China’s Belt and Road Initiative(BRI)in Central Asian countries.Through detailed analysis of policy documents,media reports,and public discussions in Central Asian countries,this paper reveals how the BRI constructs specific social practices,discourse events,and textual meanings within these nations.The findings indicate that through this global development strategy,China has not only strengthened its economic ties with Central Asian countries but has also exerted profound influences on political,cultural,and social levels.
基金Supported by Young Scholar Project of Humanities and Social Science Foundation of Ministry of Education(17YJC820044)Social Science Planning PhD Project of Chongqing(2017BS39)
文摘Agriculture is related to the strategy and security of a country. Every country is very discreet about access of foreign capitals to the agricultural field. Countries along the " Belt and Road" also have imposed restrictions on the access of foreign capitals to the agricultural field.There are restrictions on establishing agriculture-related enterprises,affiliated organizations,and branch offices. Also,there are regulations concerning the scope,proportion,performance requirement,and approval of access of foreign capitals to the agricultural field.
基金Acknowledgements： Project of National Social Science Foundation： ＂Studies on the Relations between the Silk Road Economic Belt and Eurasian Union＂ （14BGJ039） Beijing Philosophy and Social Science Planning Project： ＂Studies on the Relations between the Silk Road Economic Belt and Chinese Dream＂ （13KDB039）+2 种基金 Major Project of Social Science of Tianjin Education Board： ＂Studies on the New Situation of the Game of the Great Powers in South Sea and Chinese Strategy＂ （2014ZD26） Project of State Key Laboratory （Tsinghua University） Open Foundation of Ministry of Science and Technology （sklhse-2014-A-03） supported by ＂the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities＂.
文摘China is the starting point and pioneer and driver of the Silk Road Economic Belt; Russia is located in the throat place of the belt; and India is at the joint of the belt and the Maritime Silk Road. China, Russia, and India as the BRICS countries are geo-connected, easy to reach a consensus because of their common and similar interests. The three countries also have common inherent demands and strategic directions： connectivity, complementarity, taking advantage of the great powers of Eurasia and sea-land compound, moving toward the grand trend of modern international economy and technology development. Promoting the construction of the Silk Road Economic Belt accords with their respective interests, and is their common interests, which decide that China, Russia, and India are the key factors and dominant forces in the construction of the belt.
基金funded by the National Social Science Foundation of China(19FJYB043)the National Social Science Foundation of China(18BGL207).
文摘At present,the main focus of research lies in examining the connection between economic complexity and carbon emissions as a whole,but there is a scarcity of quantitative investigations on the link between the above variables within specific industries.Therefore,this study introduces economic complexity as a new variable to build a panel model within the traditional Environmental Kuznets Curve framework.Based on the data of the countries along the Belt and Road from 1998 to 2018,we used the Granger causality test to examine the causal relationship between variables,and use the Fully Modified Ordinary Least Square and Dynamic Ordinary Least Square methods to estimate the coefficients of variables.The key factor linking economic complexity and carbon emissions in the logistics industry is technology innovation Economic complexity can explain and predict the changes in carbon emissions of logistics industry more reasonably,and the relationship between them in line with the environmental kuznets curve hypothesis.Only high-income countries can increase economic complexity while reducing carbon emissions of logistics industry.Based on the empirical analysis,it is suggested that upper-middle income and lower middle-income countries can formulate relevant policies and regulations,and high-income countries can improve the relevant policies and regulations to promote the reduction of carbon emissions of the logistics industry.Studying the impact of economic complexity on carbon emissions in the logistics industry can help better predict and respond to the impact of climate change on the logistics industry.
基金National Social Science Foundation of China,No.17VDL008The Project of Bureau of International Cooperation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,No.131A11KYSB20170014+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.41530751,No.41471113,No.41701125Ministry of Education of the Republic of Korea and the National Research Foundation of Korea,No.NRF-2015S1A3A2047036
文摘Trade facilitation is one of the five main agendas of the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI). Social network analysis has helped understand the complexity of trade networks, but existing studies tend to overlook the fact that not all bilateral trade relations are equally important to a country. To fill this gap in the literature, this paper focuses on the top 2 trade relations networks to illuminate the structure and evolution of B&R trade relations, the relative positions of different countries, and changes in the composition of trade communities(e.g., the community leaders) and the changing patterns of trade between them. We find rich dynamics over time both inter-and intra-communities. The overall international trade networks of B&R countries experienced a leadership change from Russia to China on one hand, some temporary communities experienced emergence, disappearance(e.g. the Kuwait-and Thailand-led communities) or reemergence(e.g. Poland-led community), and a community membership was generally consistent on the other hand. Since the future impacts of China's BRI will depend on the degree of integration of the connected regions, some countries with stable and high centrality indices(e.g. Russia, Singapore, Serbia, Greece, Turkey, Iran, Poland, Hungary and Romania) could be selected by China as strategic regional partners, and countries with a strategically important geographical position but weak trade links(e.g. Myanmar, Pakistan, and Belarus) should be prioritized.
