Cities hold a critical responsibility for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)due to their high population density,extensive resource consumption,and significant economic contributions.To examine the pres...Cities hold a critical responsibility for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)due to their high population density,extensive resource consumption,and significant economic contributions.To examine the present state of understandings regarding urban sustainability(SDG 11:Sustainable Cities and Communities)within Chinese research communities,this study collected 15950 papers from 1994 to 2022 on the 12 indicators of SDG 11,from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),a hub of Chinese academic papers,that directly relate to policymaking.Significant research topics on SDG 11 were identified for each indicator using bibliometrics analysis approaches.The high-frequency keywords and clusters of keywords over the last three decades reveal that existing studies primarily concentrated on the physical aspects,such as transportation and environment,while there is a lack of consideration of societal aspects.This indicates a limited and biased understanding of the urban sustainability within the Chinese academic community.Hence,it is crucial to prioritize the societal aspects in order to develop a research agenda that further advances urban sustainability.展开更多
Chinese hickory(Carya cathayensis Sarg.)is an important economic forest in Southeastern China.A large amount of hickory husk waste is generated every year but with a low proportion of returning.Meanwhile,intensive man...Chinese hickory(Carya cathayensis Sarg.)is an important economic forest in Southeastern China.A large amount of hickory husk waste is generated every year but with a low proportion of returning.Meanwhile,intensive management has resulted in soil degradation of Chinese hickory plantations.This study aims to investigate the effects of three Chinese hickory husk returning modes on soil amendment,including soil acidity,soil nutrition,and microbial community.The field experiment carried out four treatments:control(CK),hickory husk mulching(HM),hickory husk biochar(BC),and hickory husk organic fertilizer(OF).The phospholipid fatty acid(PLFA)biomarker method was employed to determine the soil microbial community.After one year of treatment,the results showed that:(i)HM and BC significantly increased soil pH by 0.33 and 1.71 units,respectively;(ii)HM,BC and OF treatments significantly increased the soil organic carbon,alkaline nitrogen,available phosphorous,and available potassium.The OF treatment demonstrated the most significant improvement in the soil nutrient;(iii)The soil microbial biomass significantly increased in the HM,BC and OF treatments,and all microbial groups showed an increasing trend.HM treatment increased the fungal/bacterial ratio(F/B).The OF treatment significantly decreased the Shannon-Wiener diversity(H’)and evenness index(J)of the microbial community(P<0.05).Considering the treatments effects,costs,and ease of operation,our recommended returning modes of Chinese hickory husk are mulching and organic fertilizer produced by composting with manure.展开更多
Background:Soil aggregates are the basic units of soil structure,and their stability is a key indicator of soil quality and capacity to support ecosystem functions.The impacts of various environmental factors on soil ...Background:Soil aggregates are the basic units of soil structure,and their stability is a key indicator of soil quality and capacity to support ecosystem functions.The impacts of various environmental factors on soil aggregates have been widely studied.However,there remains elusive knowledge on the synergistic effects of changing forest stand structure on soil aggregate stability(SAS),particularly in subtropical China where soil erosion remains a critical issue.Methods:We investigated variations in the components of soil humus(HS),including humic acids(HAs),fulvic acids(FAs),and humins(HMs),under pure Chinese fir(Cunninghamia lanceolata)plantation(PP)and multilayered mixed plantation(MP)comprising C.lanceolata,Castanopsis hystrix,and Michelia hedyosperma.The state of soil aggregate stability,was determined by three separate methods,i.e.,dry-sieving,wet-sieving,and the Le Bissonnais.High-throughput sequencing was used to determine the diversity and composition of microbial communities under PP and MP.We then built partial least squares path models(PLS-PM)for assessing the responses of SAS to the variations in soil microorganisms and HS components.Results:The MP stands had significantly greater SAS(P<0.05),higher content of HAs and more rapid organic matter humification within aggregates,than the PP stands.High-throughput sequencing confirmed that the Pielou andα-diversity index values(Chao1 and Shannon)for fungi were all significantly higher under MP than under PP,while no marked difference was found in bacterialα-diversity between the two plantation types.Moreover,there were markedly greater abundance of three bacterial phyla(Verrucomicrobia,Chloroflexi,and Gemmatimonadetes)and three fungal phyla(Ascomycota,Kickxellomycota,and Glomeromycota),and significantly less abundance of two bacterial phyla(Planctomycetes and Firmicutes)and four fungal phyla(Basidiomycota,Mortierellomycota,Mucoromycota,and Rozellomycota)under MP than under PP.The Chloroflexi and Ascomycota phyla appeared to be the primary drivers of soil aggregate distribution.Our findings revealed that the promotion of SAS under MP was mainly driven by increased soil organic matter(SOM)content,which altered bacterial communities and enhanced fungal diversity,thereby increasing HAs content and the rate of organic matter humification.Conclusions:Considering the combined effects of enhanced soil quality,productivity,and relevant economic costs,introducing broadleaved tree species into Chinese fir plantations can be an effective strategy for stabilizing soil structure against erosion in subtropical China.Our study elucidated the controls on variations of SAS in Chinese fir-dominated plantations and demonstrated the benefit of converting pure Chinese fir plantation to multi-layered mixed plantations in increasing soil structural stability and improving site quality.展开更多
China,under the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy,is making all-round efforts to pursue major-country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics and has achieved a series of historical achievements.Major-country...China,under the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy,is making all-round efforts to pursue major-country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics and has achieved a series of historical achievements.Major-country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics significantly diverges from conventional Western major-country diplomacy.It is characterized by a vision that prioritizes national rejuvenation,aims to advance human civilizations,emphasizes the establishment of a new type of international relations,and strives for the building of a human community with a shared future.展开更多
Human society is now confronted with a variety of threats.Given that,the idea and initiative of building a community of shared future for mankind is positively echoed by people around the world.Accordingly,internation...Human society is now confronted with a variety of threats.Given that,the idea and initiative of building a community of shared future for mankind is positively echoed by people around the world.Accordingly,international Chinese language education should play an active role in building a community of shared future for mankind,which is determined by the mission and nature of this educational cause.The idea of building a community of shared future for mankind points a right way for the development of international Chinese language education,injects new vigor to this cause,and also creates a more friendly and favorable external environment.International Chinese language education should help facilitate the building of a community of shared future for mankind and contribute Chinese wisdom to the common progress of mankind in the new era.展开更多
Objective To assess the reliability and validity of a new Chinese version of the Addiction Severity Index (ASI-C) in drug users in the community. Methods Three hundred and eighty-one drug users in the community in C...Objective To assess the reliability and validity of a new Chinese version of the Addiction Severity Index (ASI-C) in drug users in the community. Methods Three hundred and eighty-one drug users in the community in Chengdu, Sichuan province were recruited. They were interviewed with a questionnaire consisting of the ASI-C revised on the basis of the previous Chinese version and 38 were interviewed for the second time at an interval of 7 days to evaluate test-retest reliability. Results Cronbach's c~ coefficients for the internal consistency of the scale varied from 0.49 to 0.86. Test-retest correlation coefficients ranged from 0.50 to 0.93. Criterion validity was found acceptable, as compared with the Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90). Conclusion The ASI-C presented acceptable reliability and validity in a sample of drug users in the community.展开更多
On 29th November 2004, BSI Group Chairman Sir David John and senior colleagues were in Beijing to meet with Management Systems’ clients of the BSI Group and to consolidate already established relationships with the C...On 29th November 2004, BSI Group Chairman Sir David John and senior colleagues were in Beijing to meet with Management Systems’ clients of the BSI Group and to consolidate already established relationships with the Chinese standards community. This trip came in the wake of last year’s visit of the Group Chairman to Beijing and Shanghai, which paved the way for the signing of a cooperation agreement between BSI and the Standardization Adminis-展开更多
Professional learning communities(PLCs)have seen a rapid spread all around the world over the past 30 years.Since then it has been proved that they can improve teaching quality and thereby the achievement of students,...Professional learning communities(PLCs)have seen a rapid spread all around the world over the past 30 years.Since then it has been proved that they can improve teaching quality and thereby the achievement of students,and so PLCs have attracted increasing attention especially from education systems.In China,PLCs have been developed vigorously within schools since the implementation of the‘New Curriculum Reform’in 2000.However,the west has paid scant attention to and were not familiar with them since most research in this field in China was published in Chinese.Furthermore,PLCs are influenced by contextual and cultural factors,and therefore PLCs in Chinese education systems are different from those in Anglo-American settings due to long-standing cultural differences,which require consideration.Therefore,this research will investigate the PLCs in China that may be of interest.Many recent studies have shown that,although PLCs have made significant progress in Chinese urban middle schools through the enthusiastic efforts of educators and scholars,there are still several barriers.The primary purpose of this research is to review the development of PLCs and additionally to analyse the challenges faced by the principals.展开更多
"With copper as a mirror,you can wear a crown;with history as a mirror,you can know the rise and fall."This paper takes the 70-year development process of Southwest Minzu University as the carrier,the castin..."With copper as a mirror,you can wear a crown;with history as a mirror,you can know the rise and fall."This paper takes the 70-year development process of Southwest Minzu University as the carrier,the casting of the Chinese national community as the main line while tracing back to the source,adopts the recording method of"oral history of the school,"interviews witnesses to the development of Southwest Minzu University,including school leaders,teachers,alumni,and other representative figures,records the memories of these parties on the practices of Southwest Minzu University in different periods to cast the awareness of the Chinese national community,and collates them into a text.From the perspective of students,it is important to understand the history of the Chinese national community in the past 70 years since the establishment of Southwest Minzu University,collect and sort out the historical memories of Southwest Minzu University for the education of the Chinese national community,supplement and confirm the school's historical documents,preserve the history,make up for the gap in the history of the school,and at the same time provide a realistic basis for Southwest Minzu University to formulate future development strategies.展开更多
Sponsored by the China Society for Human Rights Studies and the Publicity Department of the Tianjin Municipal Committee,the symposium on building a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind and Global Human Rights Go...Sponsored by the China Society for Human Rights Studies and the Publicity Department of the Tianjin Municipal Committee,the symposium on building a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind and Global Human Rights Governance starts today at Nankai University.On behalf of the China Society for Human Rights Studies,I would like to extend my warm congratulations to the conveners of conference,and展开更多
Despite a plethora of studies on how corporate social responsibility(CSR)generates favorable consumer outcomes,the existing literature provides limited insights about how CSR may affect inter-consumer connection and b...Despite a plethora of studies on how corporate social responsibility(CSR)generates favorable consumer outcomes,the existing literature provides limited insights about how CSR may affect inter-consumer connection and brand community engagement.Enhancing consumer engagement in the brand community is one of the key marketing objectives for strengthening the brand-consumer relationship.This study aims to explore the role of corporate social responsibility in enhancing brand community engagement and examines the dual mediating role of brand identification and community identification.Quantitative research was conducted and an adapted questionnaire was used.Survey data were collected from 405 Chinese consumers,and structural equational modeling was used to test the hypothesis.Results demonstrated that CSR motivates consumers to engage with the brand community.Further,brand identification and community identification perform the role of partial mediators.展开更多
Zooplankton are considered an important trophic link between primary producers and higher trophic level species in the Southern Ocean ecosystem. Since 1989, when the Chinese Antarctic Zhongshan Station was built, zoop...Zooplankton are considered an important trophic link between primary producers and higher trophic level species in the Southern Ocean ecosystem. Since 1989, when the Chinese Antarctic Zhongshan Station was built, zooplankton have regularly been sampled and investigated in Prydz Bay through oceanographic surveys of each Chinese National Antarctic Research Expedition. This review summarizes the main results from zooplankton ecology studies conducted in Prydz Bay by Chinese researchers. Major topics covered in this review are: (1) a description of the biology and ecology of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba), the key zooplankton species of the Southern Ocean ecosystem; (2) zooplankton community structure, including the horizontal distribution in the epipelagic region and vertical distribution between 0-1500 m; (3) feeding ecology of dominant species such as Antarctic krill, salps and copepods; (4) a short introduction to the molecular research; and (5) prospects for future research.展开更多
Complex networks have been studied across many fields of science in recent years. In this paper, we give a brief introduction of networks, then follow the original works by Tsonis et al (2004, 2006) starting with da...Complex networks have been studied across many fields of science in recent years. In this paper, we give a brief introduction of networks, then follow the original works by Tsonis et al (2004, 2006) starting with data of the surface temperature from 160 Chinese weather observations to investigate the topology of Chinese climate networks. Results show that the Chinese climate network exhibits a characteristic of regular, almost fully connected networks, which means that most nodes in this case have the same number of links, and so-called super nodes with a very large number of links do not exist there. In other words, though former results show that nodes in the extratropical region provide a property of scale-free networks, they still have other different local fine structures inside. We also detect the community of the Chinese climate network by using a Bayesian technique; the effective number of communities of the Chinese climate network is about four in this network. More importantly, this technique approaches results in divisions which have connections with physics and dynamics; the division into communities may highlight the aspects of the dynamics of climate variability.展开更多
Effects of a starter culture composed of Lactobacillus sakei,Pediococcus pentosaceus,Staphylococcus xylosus and S.carnosus at the ratios(m/m)of 1:1:1:1 on bacterial profile and biogenic amine accumulation in Chinese S...Effects of a starter culture composed of Lactobacillus sakei,Pediococcus pentosaceus,Staphylococcus xylosus and S.carnosus at the ratios(m/m)of 1:1:1:1 on bacterial profile and biogenic amine accumulation in Chinese Sichuan sausages were demonstrated.In starter culture-inoculated sausages,Lactobacillus spp.,Pediococcus spp.and Staphylococcus spp.were predominant bacterial genus and their relative abundances ranged from 70.14%to 25.98%,57.66%to 14.08%,and 15.71%to 13.40%during fermentation,respectively.Accordingly,Lactobacillus spp.and Weissella spp.were predominant bacterial genus and their relative abundances ranged from 63.14%to 24.70%and 49.40%to 11.96%during spontaneous fermentation,respectively.Furthermore,the abundances of undesirable microorganisms such as Yersinia spp.,Enterobacter spp.,Acietobacter spp.and Psychrobacter spp.were lower than that of the control.The levels of histamine,putrescine,tyramine and cadaverine in Chinese Sichuan sausages with starter cultures inoculation were significantly lower(P<0.05)than that of the control,and were decreased by 83.09%,69.38%,51.87%and 57.20%,respectively,at the end of the ripening.These results revealed that the starter cultures inoculation was a better alternative for microbial quality improvement and biogenic amine reduction of Chinese Sichuan sausages with good sensory attributes.展开更多
Objective:To propose and test a new approach based on community detection in the field of social computing for uncovering consensuses and treatment principles in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).Methods:Three Chinese...Objective:To propose and test a new approach based on community detection in the field of social computing for uncovering consensuses and treatment principles in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).Methods:Three Chinese databases(CNKI,VIP,andWan Fang Data)were searched for published articles on TCM treatment of diabetic nephropathy(DN)from their inception until September 31,2014.Zheng classification and herbdatawereextractedfromincluded articlesand usedto construct a Zheng classification and treatment of diabetic nephropathy(DNZCT)network with nodes denoting Zhengs and herbs and edges denoting corresponding treating relationshipsamong them.Community detection was applied to the DNZCT and detected community structures were analyzed.Results:A network of 201 nodes and 743 edges were constructed and six communities were detected.Nodes clustered in the samecommunity captured the samesemantic topic;different communities had unique characteristics,and indicated different treatment principles.Large communities usually represented similar points of view or consensuses on common Zheng diagnoses and herb prescriptions;small communities might help to indicate unusual Zhengs and herbs.Conclusion:The results suggest that the community detection-based approach is useful and feasible for uncovering consensuses and treatment principles of DN treatment in TCM,and could be used to address other similar problems in TCM.展开更多
ANY foreigner who has studied Chinese is aware that to learn Chinese well, they must first grasp Pinyin (a phonetic system). Then they will be able to have a good command of Chinese pronunciation, and better equipped ...ANY foreigner who has studied Chinese is aware that to learn Chinese well, they must first grasp Pinyin (a phonetic system). Then they will be able to have a good command of Chinese pronunciation, and better equipped to obtain a basic knowledge of Chinese culture. However, the written form of Chinese, just like ancient Hebrew, is hieroglyphic, and there is no indication of the pronunciation in the written form. So what is the origin of the Pinyin used by Chinese people and the international community?展开更多
Introduced to a greatly changing world,Xi Jinping thought on diplomacy is a strategic planning and top-level design for major-country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics and has a leading role in Chinese diplomacy....Introduced to a greatly changing world,Xi Jinping thought on diplomacy is a strategic planning and top-level design for major-country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics and has a leading role in Chinese diplomacy.Building a new type of international relations and a community with a shared future is at the heart of Chinese foreign policy.Under Xi Jinping’s diplomatic thought,China has shifted focus from a peaceful rise and harmonious world to seeking the core values of globalization.Xi Jinping’s diplomatic thought guides major-country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics in philosophy,principles and practice.展开更多
The modern criminal justice system includes community corrections,which play a preventive role in lowering recidivism among offenders.However,some offenders continue to commit crimes during community corrections.This ...The modern criminal justice system includes community corrections,which play a preventive role in lowering recidivism among offenders.However,some offenders continue to commit crimes during community corrections.This research focuses on community corrections in Chinese community policing practice,particularly offender recidivism.The study collected a total of 500 questionnaires from offenders in the provincial administrative regions of northern China,which included first offense status,psychological status,and recidivism behavior.The study found that most recidivists are usually arrested for“drunk driving”,which may be related to their ability to exercise self-restraint,and that alcohol may contribute to their deviant behavior.Another important finding relates to young recidivists,who may have difficulty securing employment during community corrections and thus use crime again to gain income.In general,this study explores the offender population in Chinese community corrections practice and discusses the factors within it that influence offender recidivism.This may support law enforcement agencies in further evaluating the effectiveness of community corrections,and may provide new information for understanding community corrections in China.展开更多
Hoi An Ancient Town in Vietnam is not only a UNESCO(United Nations Educational,Scientific,and Cultural Organization)World Heritage Site but also a convergence point of traditional and modern cultures.Throughout its hi...Hoi An Ancient Town in Vietnam is not only a UNESCO(United Nations Educational,Scientific,and Cultural Organization)World Heritage Site but also a convergence point of traditional and modern cultures.Throughout its historical transitions,the cultural heritage of Hoi An Ancient Town has been well preserved and developed,and the worship of Mazu,an essential component of Hoi An’s culture,is no exception.As far as is known,Hoi An in central Vietnam houses the most Mazu temples,including the Chung Wah Hall,the Guangzhou Assembly Hall,the Fujian Assembly Hall,the Teochew Assembly Hall,and the Hainan Assembly Hall,among others,with the Fujian Assembly Hall being the most vibrant center of Mazu worship.This study employs field surveys and literature research to explore the Mazu worship practices at the Fujian Assembly Hall in Hoi An,Quang Nam Province,Vietnam.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42171449)。
文摘Cities hold a critical responsibility for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)due to their high population density,extensive resource consumption,and significant economic contributions.To examine the present state of understandings regarding urban sustainability(SDG 11:Sustainable Cities and Communities)within Chinese research communities,this study collected 15950 papers from 1994 to 2022 on the 12 indicators of SDG 11,from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),a hub of Chinese academic papers,that directly relate to policymaking.Significant research topics on SDG 11 were identified for each indicator using bibliometrics analysis approaches.The high-frequency keywords and clusters of keywords over the last three decades reveal that existing studies primarily concentrated on the physical aspects,such as transportation and environment,while there is a lack of consideration of societal aspects.This indicates a limited and biased understanding of the urban sustainability within the Chinese academic community.Hence,it is crucial to prioritize the societal aspects in order to develop a research agenda that further advances urban sustainability.
基金financially supported by Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(LY20C160003)the National College Students’Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program(202110341063).
文摘Chinese hickory(Carya cathayensis Sarg.)is an important economic forest in Southeastern China.A large amount of hickory husk waste is generated every year but with a low proportion of returning.Meanwhile,intensive management has resulted in soil degradation of Chinese hickory plantations.This study aims to investigate the effects of three Chinese hickory husk returning modes on soil amendment,including soil acidity,soil nutrition,and microbial community.The field experiment carried out four treatments:control(CK),hickory husk mulching(HM),hickory husk biochar(BC),and hickory husk organic fertilizer(OF).The phospholipid fatty acid(PLFA)biomarker method was employed to determine the soil microbial community.After one year of treatment,the results showed that:(i)HM and BC significantly increased soil pH by 0.33 and 1.71 units,respectively;(ii)HM,BC and OF treatments significantly increased the soil organic carbon,alkaline nitrogen,available phosphorous,and available potassium.The OF treatment demonstrated the most significant improvement in the soil nutrient;(iii)The soil microbial biomass significantly increased in the HM,BC and OF treatments,and all microbial groups showed an increasing trend.HM treatment increased the fungal/bacterial ratio(F/B).The OF treatment significantly decreased the Shannon-Wiener diversity(H’)and evenness index(J)of the microbial community(P<0.05).Considering the treatments effects,costs,and ease of operation,our recommended returning modes of Chinese hickory husk are mulching and organic fertilizer produced by composting with manure.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.31960240 and 32171755)the Guangxi Natural Science Foundation(No.2019GXNSFAA185023)the Scientific Research Capacity Building Project for Youyiguan Forest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station of Guangxi under Grant No.2203513003。
文摘Background:Soil aggregates are the basic units of soil structure,and their stability is a key indicator of soil quality and capacity to support ecosystem functions.The impacts of various environmental factors on soil aggregates have been widely studied.However,there remains elusive knowledge on the synergistic effects of changing forest stand structure on soil aggregate stability(SAS),particularly in subtropical China where soil erosion remains a critical issue.Methods:We investigated variations in the components of soil humus(HS),including humic acids(HAs),fulvic acids(FAs),and humins(HMs),under pure Chinese fir(Cunninghamia lanceolata)plantation(PP)and multilayered mixed plantation(MP)comprising C.lanceolata,Castanopsis hystrix,and Michelia hedyosperma.The state of soil aggregate stability,was determined by three separate methods,i.e.,dry-sieving,wet-sieving,and the Le Bissonnais.High-throughput sequencing was used to determine the diversity and composition of microbial communities under PP and MP.We then built partial least squares path models(PLS-PM)for assessing the responses of SAS to the variations in soil microorganisms and HS components.Results:The MP stands had significantly greater SAS(P<0.05),higher content of HAs and more rapid organic matter humification within aggregates,than the PP stands.High-throughput sequencing confirmed that the Pielou andα-diversity index values(Chao1 and Shannon)for fungi were all significantly higher under MP than under PP,while no marked difference was found in bacterialα-diversity between the two plantation types.Moreover,there were markedly greater abundance of three bacterial phyla(Verrucomicrobia,Chloroflexi,and Gemmatimonadetes)and three fungal phyla(Ascomycota,Kickxellomycota,and Glomeromycota),and significantly less abundance of two bacterial phyla(Planctomycetes and Firmicutes)and four fungal phyla(Basidiomycota,Mortierellomycota,Mucoromycota,and Rozellomycota)under MP than under PP.The Chloroflexi and Ascomycota phyla appeared to be the primary drivers of soil aggregate distribution.Our findings revealed that the promotion of SAS under MP was mainly driven by increased soil organic matter(SOM)content,which altered bacterial communities and enhanced fungal diversity,thereby increasing HAs content and the rate of organic matter humification.Conclusions:Considering the combined effects of enhanced soil quality,productivity,and relevant economic costs,introducing broadleaved tree species into Chinese fir plantations can be an effective strategy for stabilizing soil structure against erosion in subtropical China.Our study elucidated the controls on variations of SAS in Chinese fir-dominated plantations and demonstrated the benefit of converting pure Chinese fir plantation to multi-layered mixed plantations in increasing soil structural stability and improving site quality.
基金This paper is a phased achievement of the subject“Research on Inter-civilizational Exchanges in the Context of Building a human community with a shared future”(21CKS049),a project of the National Social Science Foundation of China。
文摘China,under the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy,is making all-round efforts to pursue major-country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics and has achieved a series of historical achievements.Major-country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics significantly diverges from conventional Western major-country diplomacy.It is characterized by a vision that prioritizes national rejuvenation,aims to advance human civilizations,emphasizes the establishment of a new type of international relations,and strives for the building of a human community with a shared future.
文摘Human society is now confronted with a variety of threats.Given that,the idea and initiative of building a community of shared future for mankind is positively echoed by people around the world.Accordingly,international Chinese language education should play an active role in building a community of shared future for mankind,which is determined by the mission and nature of this educational cause.The idea of building a community of shared future for mankind points a right way for the development of international Chinese language education,injects new vigor to this cause,and also creates a more friendly and favorable external environment.International Chinese language education should help facilitate the building of a community of shared future for mankind and contribute Chinese wisdom to the common progress of mankind in the new era.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China, Number 30800953
文摘Objective To assess the reliability and validity of a new Chinese version of the Addiction Severity Index (ASI-C) in drug users in the community. Methods Three hundred and eighty-one drug users in the community in Chengdu, Sichuan province were recruited. They were interviewed with a questionnaire consisting of the ASI-C revised on the basis of the previous Chinese version and 38 were interviewed for the second time at an interval of 7 days to evaluate test-retest reliability. Results Cronbach's c~ coefficients for the internal consistency of the scale varied from 0.49 to 0.86. Test-retest correlation coefficients ranged from 0.50 to 0.93. Criterion validity was found acceptable, as compared with the Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90). Conclusion The ASI-C presented acceptable reliability and validity in a sample of drug users in the community.
文摘On 29th November 2004, BSI Group Chairman Sir David John and senior colleagues were in Beijing to meet with Management Systems’ clients of the BSI Group and to consolidate already established relationships with the Chinese standards community. This trip came in the wake of last year’s visit of the Group Chairman to Beijing and Shanghai, which paved the way for the signing of a cooperation agreement between BSI and the Standardization Adminis-
文摘Professional learning communities(PLCs)have seen a rapid spread all around the world over the past 30 years.Since then it has been proved that they can improve teaching quality and thereby the achievement of students,and so PLCs have attracted increasing attention especially from education systems.In China,PLCs have been developed vigorously within schools since the implementation of the‘New Curriculum Reform’in 2000.However,the west has paid scant attention to and were not familiar with them since most research in this field in China was published in Chinese.Furthermore,PLCs are influenced by contextual and cultural factors,and therefore PLCs in Chinese education systems are different from those in Anglo-American settings due to long-standing cultural differences,which require consideration.Therefore,this research will investigate the PLCs in China that may be of interest.Many recent studies have shown that,although PLCs have made significant progress in Chinese urban middle schools through the enthusiastic efforts of educators and scholars,there are still several barriers.The primary purpose of this research is to review the development of PLCs and additionally to analyse the challenges faced by the principals.
基金The 2021 Special Fund for Basic Scientific Research Business Expenses of Central Universities“Special Project for Serving the Society”(Grant Number:2021SYYXSS55)。
文摘"With copper as a mirror,you can wear a crown;with history as a mirror,you can know the rise and fall."This paper takes the 70-year development process of Southwest Minzu University as the carrier,the casting of the Chinese national community as the main line while tracing back to the source,adopts the recording method of"oral history of the school,"interviews witnesses to the development of Southwest Minzu University,including school leaders,teachers,alumni,and other representative figures,records the memories of these parties on the practices of Southwest Minzu University in different periods to cast the awareness of the Chinese national community,and collates them into a text.From the perspective of students,it is important to understand the history of the Chinese national community in the past 70 years since the establishment of Southwest Minzu University,collect and sort out the historical memories of Southwest Minzu University for the education of the Chinese national community,supplement and confirm the school's historical documents,preserve the history,make up for the gap in the history of the school,and at the same time provide a realistic basis for Southwest Minzu University to formulate future development strategies.
文摘Sponsored by the China Society for Human Rights Studies and the Publicity Department of the Tianjin Municipal Committee,the symposium on building a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind and Global Human Rights Governance starts today at Nankai University.On behalf of the China Society for Human Rights Studies,I would like to extend my warm congratulations to the conveners of conference,and
文摘Despite a plethora of studies on how corporate social responsibility(CSR)generates favorable consumer outcomes,the existing literature provides limited insights about how CSR may affect inter-consumer connection and brand community engagement.Enhancing consumer engagement in the brand community is one of the key marketing objectives for strengthening the brand-consumer relationship.This study aims to explore the role of corporate social responsibility in enhancing brand community engagement and examines the dual mediating role of brand identification and community identification.Quantitative research was conducted and an adapted questionnaire was used.Survey data were collected from 405 Chinese consumers,and structural equational modeling was used to test the hypothesis.Results demonstrated that CSR motivates consumers to engage with the brand community.Further,brand identification and community identification perform the role of partial mediators.
基金supported by Chinese Polar Environment Comprehensive Investigation and Assessment Program (Grant nos. CHINARE2017-01-05-02 and CHINARE2017-04-01-05)the Aoshan Science and Technology Innovation Program (Grant no. 2015ASKJ02-02)
文摘Zooplankton are considered an important trophic link between primary producers and higher trophic level species in the Southern Ocean ecosystem. Since 1989, when the Chinese Antarctic Zhongshan Station was built, zooplankton have regularly been sampled and investigated in Prydz Bay through oceanographic surveys of each Chinese National Antarctic Research Expedition. This review summarizes the main results from zooplankton ecology studies conducted in Prydz Bay by Chinese researchers. Major topics covered in this review are: (1) a description of the biology and ecology of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba), the key zooplankton species of the Southern Ocean ecosystem; (2) zooplankton community structure, including the horizontal distribution in the epipelagic region and vertical distribution between 0-1500 m; (3) feeding ecology of dominant species such as Antarctic krill, salps and copepods; (4) a short introduction to the molecular research; and (5) prospects for future research.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos 40890052 and 40505018)
文摘Complex networks have been studied across many fields of science in recent years. In this paper, we give a brief introduction of networks, then follow the original works by Tsonis et al (2004, 2006) starting with data of the surface temperature from 160 Chinese weather observations to investigate the topology of Chinese climate networks. Results show that the Chinese climate network exhibits a characteristic of regular, almost fully connected networks, which means that most nodes in this case have the same number of links, and so-called super nodes with a very large number of links do not exist there. In other words, though former results show that nodes in the extratropical region provide a property of scale-free networks, they still have other different local fine structures inside. We also detect the community of the Chinese climate network by using a Bayesian technique; the effective number of communities of the Chinese climate network is about four in this network. More importantly, this technique approaches results in divisions which have connections with physics and dynamics; the division into communities may highlight the aspects of the dynamics of climate variability.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(31772093)Key innovation projects of Chengdu Science and Technology(2019-YF05-00066-SN)Key Laboratory of Collaborative Control and Remediation of Soil and Water Pollution(GHBK-003)。
文摘Effects of a starter culture composed of Lactobacillus sakei,Pediococcus pentosaceus,Staphylococcus xylosus and S.carnosus at the ratios(m/m)of 1:1:1:1 on bacterial profile and biogenic amine accumulation in Chinese Sichuan sausages were demonstrated.In starter culture-inoculated sausages,Lactobacillus spp.,Pediococcus spp.and Staphylococcus spp.were predominant bacterial genus and their relative abundances ranged from 70.14%to 25.98%,57.66%to 14.08%,and 15.71%to 13.40%during fermentation,respectively.Accordingly,Lactobacillus spp.and Weissella spp.were predominant bacterial genus and their relative abundances ranged from 63.14%to 24.70%and 49.40%to 11.96%during spontaneous fermentation,respectively.Furthermore,the abundances of undesirable microorganisms such as Yersinia spp.,Enterobacter spp.,Acietobacter spp.and Psychrobacter spp.were lower than that of the control.The levels of histamine,putrescine,tyramine and cadaverine in Chinese Sichuan sausages with starter cultures inoculation were significantly lower(P<0.05)than that of the control,and were decreased by 83.09%,69.38%,51.87%and 57.20%,respectively,at the end of the ripening.These results revealed that the starter cultures inoculation was a better alternative for microbial quality improvement and biogenic amine reduction of Chinese Sichuan sausages with good sensory attributes.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China Nos.81273876 and 81473800Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Founding for doctoral candidate No.2014-JYBZZ-XS-003.
文摘Objective:To propose and test a new approach based on community detection in the field of social computing for uncovering consensuses and treatment principles in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).Methods:Three Chinese databases(CNKI,VIP,andWan Fang Data)were searched for published articles on TCM treatment of diabetic nephropathy(DN)from their inception until September 31,2014.Zheng classification and herbdatawereextractedfromincluded articlesand usedto construct a Zheng classification and treatment of diabetic nephropathy(DNZCT)network with nodes denoting Zhengs and herbs and edges denoting corresponding treating relationshipsamong them.Community detection was applied to the DNZCT and detected community structures were analyzed.Results:A network of 201 nodes and 743 edges were constructed and six communities were detected.Nodes clustered in the samecommunity captured the samesemantic topic;different communities had unique characteristics,and indicated different treatment principles.Large communities usually represented similar points of view or consensuses on common Zheng diagnoses and herb prescriptions;small communities might help to indicate unusual Zhengs and herbs.Conclusion:The results suggest that the community detection-based approach is useful and feasible for uncovering consensuses and treatment principles of DN treatment in TCM,and could be used to address other similar problems in TCM.
文摘ANY foreigner who has studied Chinese is aware that to learn Chinese well, they must first grasp Pinyin (a phonetic system). Then they will be able to have a good command of Chinese pronunciation, and better equipped to obtain a basic knowledge of Chinese culture. However, the written form of Chinese, just like ancient Hebrew, is hieroglyphic, and there is no indication of the pronunciation in the written form. So what is the origin of the Pinyin used by Chinese people and the international community?
文摘Introduced to a greatly changing world,Xi Jinping thought on diplomacy is a strategic planning and top-level design for major-country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics and has a leading role in Chinese diplomacy.Building a new type of international relations and a community with a shared future is at the heart of Chinese foreign policy.Under Xi Jinping’s diplomatic thought,China has shifted focus from a peaceful rise and harmonious world to seeking the core values of globalization.Xi Jinping’s diplomatic thought guides major-country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics in philosophy,principles and practice.
基金Grant No.(2019JWZD22),Granted by(Tianjin Municipal Education Commission).
文摘The modern criminal justice system includes community corrections,which play a preventive role in lowering recidivism among offenders.However,some offenders continue to commit crimes during community corrections.This research focuses on community corrections in Chinese community policing practice,particularly offender recidivism.The study collected a total of 500 questionnaires from offenders in the provincial administrative regions of northern China,which included first offense status,psychological status,and recidivism behavior.The study found that most recidivists are usually arrested for“drunk driving”,which may be related to their ability to exercise self-restraint,and that alcohol may contribute to their deviant behavior.Another important finding relates to young recidivists,who may have difficulty securing employment during community corrections and thus use crime again to gain income.In general,this study explores the offender population in Chinese community corrections practice and discusses the factors within it that influence offender recidivism.This may support law enforcement agencies in further evaluating the effectiveness of community corrections,and may provide new information for understanding community corrections in China.
基金sponsored by the 2021 Research Project of Hainan Research Center for Applied Foreign Languages(HNWYJD21-05)by the Scientific Research Project of Hainan Higher Education Institutions(Hnky2023-20).
文摘Hoi An Ancient Town in Vietnam is not only a UNESCO(United Nations Educational,Scientific,and Cultural Organization)World Heritage Site but also a convergence point of traditional and modern cultures.Throughout its historical transitions,the cultural heritage of Hoi An Ancient Town has been well preserved and developed,and the worship of Mazu,an essential component of Hoi An’s culture,is no exception.As far as is known,Hoi An in central Vietnam houses the most Mazu temples,including the Chung Wah Hall,the Guangzhou Assembly Hall,the Fujian Assembly Hall,the Teochew Assembly Hall,and the Hainan Assembly Hall,among others,with the Fujian Assembly Hall being the most vibrant center of Mazu worship.This study employs field surveys and literature research to explore the Mazu worship practices at the Fujian Assembly Hall in Hoi An,Quang Nam Province,Vietnam.