The grouping characteristics of sea waves in the Shijiu Port

A review concerning the methods of studying and describing wave groups is presented in this paper. After analysing 78 field records collected in the Shijiu Port, China, the measured parameters of wave groups and some factors describing wave groupness and their variations are given. Moreover, these results are compared with those of theory.

Geochemical Characteristics of Proterozoic Mafic Dykes from the Bomdila Group of Rocks, NE Lesser Himalaya, India

The mafic dykes from the Paleoproterozoic Bomdila Group of metasedimentary rocks,Arunachal Pradesh,NE Lesser Himalaya,India have been analyzed for major and trace elements geochemistry essentially to understand their

Group Decision-making Models on Determining the Importance Ratings of Technical Characteristics

Determining the importance ratings of technical characteristics is a typical group decision-making process. The linguistic-based approach can effectively manage the imprecise and multi-granularity information i;n quality function deployment and facilitate decision-making in deriving the importance ratings. Based on the linguistic weighted averaging （LWA） operator and the linguistic hybrid averaging （LHA） operator, a practical approach is proposed to first aggregate the individual judgments into a collective value for each technical characteristic under linguistic environment, and then measure the deviation degree of linguistic variables to obtain the importance ratings of technical characteristics. A case study shows the application of the proposed method.

Developing a Large Multinational Group with Chinese Characteristics—The China National Cereals,Oils and Foodstuffs I/E Corporation(COFCO)

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Sociodemographic characteristics, cultural biases, and environmental attitudes: An empirical application of grid-group cultural theory in Northwestern China

Natural resource-management studies have become increasingly attentive to the influences of human factors. Among these,cultural biases shape people’s responses to changes in natural resource systems. Several studies have applied grid-group cultural theory to assess the effects of multiple value biases among stakeholders on natural resource management. We developed and administered a questionnaire in the Heihe River Basin(n = 364) in northwestern China to investigate the appropriateness of applying this theory in the Chinese context of natural resource management. The results revealed various cultural biases among the respondents. In descending order of prevalence, these biases were hierarchism(46.98%), individualism(26.65%), egalitarianism(18.96%), and fatalism(2.78%), with the remaining respondents(4.67%) evidencing no obvious bias. Our empirical study revealed respondents’ worldviews and the influence of sociodemographic characteristics on cultural biases, as theoretically posited. Among the variables examined, age had a positive and significant effect across all biases except individualism. The correlation of income to all cultural biases was consistently negative. Only education had a negative and significant effect across all biases. Women were found to adhere to egalitarianism, whereas men adhered to individualism and hierarchism. Thus, grid-group cultural theory was found to be appropriate in the Chinese context, with gender, age, education, and income evidently accounting for cultural biases. Relationships between environmental attitudes and cultural biases conformed with the hypothesis advanced by grid-group cultural theory. This finding may be of value in explaining individuals’ environmental attitudes and facilitating the development and implementation of natural resource-management policies.

Wave Characteristics at the South Part of the Radial Sand Ridges of the Southern Yellow Sea

Based on one-year wave field data measured at the south part of the radial sand ridges of the Southern Yellow Sea, the wave statistical characteristics, wave spectrum and wave group properties are analyzed. The results show that the significant wave height （H1/3） varies from 0.15 to 2.22 m with the average of 0.59 m and the mean wave period （Tmean） varies from 2.06 to 6.82 s with the average of 3.71 s. The percentage of single peak in the wave spectra is 88.6 during the measurement period, in which 36.3% of the waves are pure wind waves and the rest are young swells. The percentage with the significant wave height larger than 1 m is 12.4. The dominant wave directions in the study area are WNW, W, ESE, E and NW. The relationships among the characteristic wave heights, the characteristic wave periods, and the wave spectral parameters are identified. It is found that the tentative spectral model is suitable for the quantitative description of the wave spectrum in the study area, while the run lengths of the wave group estimated from the measured data are generally larger than those in other sea areas.

Analysis of the severe group dust storms in eastern part of Northwest China

Based on the available original dust storm records from 60 meteorological stations, we discussed the identification standard of severe dust storms at a single station and constructed a quite complete time series of severe group dust storms in the eastern part of Northwest China in 1954–2001. The result shows that there were 99 severe group dust storms in this region in recent 48 years. The spatial distribution indicates that the Alax Plateau, most parts of the Ordos Plateau and most parts of the Hexi Corridor are the main areas influenced by severe group dust storms. In addition, the season and the month with the most frequent severe group dust storms are spring and April, accounting for 78.8% and 41.4% of the total events respectively. During the past 48 years the lowest rate of severe group dust storms occurred in the 1990s. Compared with the other 4 decades, on the average, the duration and the affected area of severe group dust storms are relatively short and small during the 1990s. In 2000 and 2001, there were separately 4 severe group dust storms as the higher value after 1983 in the eastern part of Northwest China.

The Ejffect of Vertical Internal Baffles on Fluidization Hydrodynamics and Grain Drying Characteristics

The effect of vertical internal baffles on the particle mixing and graindrying characteristics in a batch fluidized bed column is investigated. Experimental work wascarried out in a 3m high rectangular fluidized bed dryer of cross sectional area of 0.15 m x 0.61 mat different operating conditions using paddy, a group D particle, as the fluidizing material. Theresults of the study showed that the fluidized bed dryer system with vertical internal baffles gavebetter particle mixing effect in the bed of particles than that without vertical internal baffles.This is due to the fact that the vertical internal baffle act as gas bubble breakers by breaking upthe large gas bubbles into smaller ones. The smaller bubbles cause a more vigorous mixing in the bedof particles before finally erupting at the bed surface. This improves the contacting efficiencyand enhanced the heat and mass transfer of the fluidized bed system. Thus a higher drying rate wasobtained in the falling rate period because the higher contacting efficiency increases theevaporation rate at the particle surface. However, the drying rate in the diffusion region showslittle improvement because the moisture diffusivity does not depend on the contacting efficiency.The fluidized bed dryer with vertical internal baffles could therefore be used in the initial rapiddrying stage in a two stage drying strategy for paddy. The insertion of vertical internal bafflesinto a fluidized bed system improves the processing of Group D particles in a fluidized bed systemespecially if the system is large in scale.

Study on the characteristics of earthquake's impact on cities

Firstly, the impact of historical earthquakes on 34 China province-level capital cities is evaluated by using historical earthquake catalog. The distribution of affected intensity shows, about 53% of cities have even not been affected by earthquake intensity VI, and 44% of cities have been hit by earthquake intensity VII to IX. For most of the cities, occurrence frequency of affected intensity VI is usually higher than that of affected intensity larger than VI, and the value of affected intensity with maximal occurrence frequency may be very different among cities. So both the maximal affected intensity and the affected intensity with maximal occurrence frequency should be taken into account when the prevention seismic intensity needs to be determined. Secondly, considering the incompleteness of records of historical earthquakes, a method of earthquake catalog computer simulation is introduced to study the features of affected intensity of big cities. 69 county-level cities of Fujian Province are selected to be statistical objects. The statistical result shows, for different risk levels the seismic intensity changes greatly among cities, the seismic intensity of 2% probability of exceedance in 50 years can be regarded as the characteristic affected intensity of city, and can be the basis of determining the city special earthquake prevention level and a proper indicator of future earthquakes impact on cities.

Anomalies of Precursory Group and Grouped Strong Earthquakes in the Sichuan-Yunnan Region

Three methods of extracting the information of anomalies of a precursory group are put forward, i.e., the mathematical analyses of the synthetic information of earthquake precursors (S), the inhomogeneous degree of precursory groups (ID) and the values of short-term and impending anomaly in near-source area (NS). Using these methods, we calculate the observational data of deformation, underground fluid and hydrochemical constituents obtained from different seismic stations in the Sichuan-Yunnan region and conclude that the synthetic precursory anomalies of a single strong earthquake with M S6.0 differ greatly from those of the grouped strong earthquakes, for the anomalous information of precursory groups are more abundant. The three methods of extracting the synthetic precursory anomaly and the related numerical results can be applied into the practice of prediction to the grouped strong earthquakes in the Sichuan-Yunnan region. Inhomogeneous degree (ID) of synthetic precursory anomaly can be identified automatically because it takes the threshold of distributive characteristics of the anomalies of precursory group as its criterion for anomaly.

The Grouping of the Strike-Slip Offset Data and Its Relation With the Seismicity Along Middle Segment of the Xiaojiang Active Fault

The data of the strike-slip offset along the Xiaojiang active fault can be obviously grouped.The groups of small orders of magnitude data within 100 m show clear linear characteristics of increments between 8 m and 12 m,which indicates that the segments of the Xiaojiang active fault is of characteristic seismicity and the distribution of the values of each group indicates that there are smaller earthquakes and creep between two large earthquakes along each segment of the Xiaojiang active fault.The interval between two characteristic large earthquakes can be calculated with the increments for two groups of slip data and the slip rate of the fault.Furthermore,the frequency of smaller earthquakes can also be estimated by comparing the distributions of the displacements of the large earthquakes with the distributions of the values of each group of data.The groups of large slip displacements show that there is close relationship between the records of the displacements of the fault and the changes of the

Population sizes and group characteristics of Siberian Crane(Leucogeranus leucogeranus) and Hooded Crane(Grus monacha) in Poyang Lake Wetland

Both the Siberian Crane(Leucogeranus leucogeranus) and Hooded Crane(Grus monacha) have limited population sizes and are considered endangered by domestic Chinese and international agencies.To document the current size of their respective populations and characterize their groups,between October 2012 and April 2013 we undertook fieldwork at four nature reserve areas within the Poyang Lake wetlands.We divided Poyanghu National Nature Reserve(PYH) into the Wucheng(PWC) and Hengfeng areas(PHF),because each are each located in different counties.Our fieldwork showed that the Siberian Crane occurred mainly in PYH(364 in the PHF,158 in the PWC) and the Nanjishan Wetland National Nature Reserve(NJS,with 200 individuals).The Hooded Crane was mainly distributed in PYH(302 in the PHF and 154 in the PWC).Family groups accounted for more than 50% of the total number of groups among both species,with Hooded Cranes forming more family groups than Siberian Cranes.Typically,these groups were formed of two adults with one offspring(Siberian Crane),and two adults with two offspring(Hooded Crane),with the mean family group size of the Siberian Crane and Hooded Crane being respectively 2.65±0.53(n=43) and 3.09±0.86(n=47) individuals per group.The mean collective group size of the Siberian Crane and Hooded Crane included 28.09±24.94(n=23) and 28.94±27.97(n=16) individuals per group,respectively,with the proportion of juveniles among Hooded Cranes being more than double that seen among the Siberian Cranes.

Hydrodynamic Characteristics and Sediment Transport of A Tidal River Under Influence of Wading Engineering Groups

By taking the Yong River for example in this paper, based on the multiple measured data during 1957 to 2009, the change process of runoff, tide feature, tidal wave, tidal influx and sediment transport are analyzed. Then a mathematical model is used to reveal the influence mechanism on hydrodynamic characteristics and sediment transport of the wading engineering groups such as a tide gate, a breakwater, reservoirs, bridges and wharves, which were built in different periods. The results showed the hydrodynamic characteristics and sediment transport of the Yong River changed obviously due to the wading engineering groups. The tide gate induced deformation of the tidal wave, obvious reduction of the tidal influx and weakness of the tidal dynamic, decrease of the sediment yield of flood and ebb tide and channel deposition. The breakwater blocked estuarine entrances, resulting in the change of the tidal current and the reduction of the tidal influx in the estuarine area. The large-scale reservoirs gradually made the decrease of the Yong River runoff. The bridge and wharf groups took up cross-section areas, the cumulative affection of which caused the increase of tidal level in the tidal river.

Impact of Crosswind on Steady-State and Dynamic Performance of Natural Draft Dry Cooling Tower Group:A Numerical Analysis

This study investigates the performance of a natural draft dry cooling tower group in crosswind conditions through numerical analysis.A comprehensive three-dimensional model is developed to analyze the steady-state and dynamic behavior of the towers.The impact of wind speed and direction on heat rejection capacity and flow patterns is examined.Results indicate that crosswinds negatively affect the overall heat transfer capacity,with higher crosswind speeds leading to decreased heat transfer.Notably,wind direction plays a significant role,particularly at 0°.Moreover,tower response time increases with higher crosswind speeds due to increased turbulence and the formation of vortices.The response times are generally similar for wind directions of 45°and 90°,but differ when facing 0,where the leeward tower exhibits a shorter response time compared to the windward tower.These findings provide valuable insights into the performance of natural draft dry cooling tower groups under crosswind conditions,which can inform the design and operation of similar systems in practical applications.

Test analysis of stress characteristics on reinforcing rock slope with group anchorage cable

To research the reinforcement effect of a rock slope with group anchorage cables and the stress characteristics of pre-stressed anchorage cables in the fractured surface, the rock slope calculated model of a wedge block within the double-slide face was established by using the finite difference software according to the actual slope project combined with indoor model test. The pre-stress loss rule of the anchorage cable and the distribution of axial force and the force-transferring mechanism of the anchorage cable were analyzed during simulation. Also, based on the displacement contour and the safety factor of the calculated results, the quantitative analysis for the reinforcement ef- fect of the rock slope with group pre-stressed anchorage cable was discovered. The results computed by the software conform with the data in the experiment, which can prove the effectiveness and correctness of parameter selection and model building. Keywords group anchorage reinforcement, rock slope, joint fissure, pre-stressed anchorage cable, stress characteristics

Creative Expression: Effectiveness of a Weekly Craft Group with Women Who Have Experienced Trauma

Creativity interventions have been shown to positively influence psychological and emotional health indicators. Nurses can play an important role in the development and implementation of interventions designed to counter the longer-term emotional and psychological consequences of trauma. The purpose of this study was to explore how participation in a nurse-facilitated weekly craft group may influence anxiety, depression, self-esteem, and self-confidence among women who have emotional and physical experienced trauma. A pre/post visual analog scale was used during a 7-week intervention to measure changes in anxiety, depression, stress, self-esteem and self-confidence among a convenience sample of adult female trauma survivors (n = 33). A paired sample t test was used to evaluate the intervention with significance set at p = 0.05. Participant observation and field notes were used for qualitative data generation. Significant reductions were noted in anxiety, depression, and stress along with significant increases in self-esteem and self-confidence. Cohen’s d statistic indicated a large effect size for anxiety (0.72) and stress (0.69). Moderate effect size was determined for self-confidence (0.36), depression (0.41), and self-esteem (0.52). Emergent qualitative themes included: creative expression improved confidence to sooth the self, safe spaces fostered creativity, a sense of accomplishment was stimulated through creative activities, and creative expression groups provided opportunities for positive affirmation. Offered as a complementary intervention, nurse-facilitated creative expression groups can support continued healing long after traditional support services have been exhausted. It is important for nurses to pursue a greater understanding of the art of nursing and the important contribution of creativity when used as a nursing intervention with trauma survivors.

Study on the Development of Modern Characteristic Agriculture in Ethnic Minority Areas in China

China's ethnic minority areas are rich in agricultural resources,but due to natural and historical reasons,the economic foundation is weak,the level of social and economic development is low,and it lags behind in the national economic development.The development of modern characteristic agriculture is the need to speed up the economic development of ethnic minority areas,a strong means to promote the supply-side structural reform of agriculture in ethnic minority areas,and a breakthrough point to promote the economic development of ethnic minority areas.Under the new normal,profound changes have taken place in the new level of development of productive forces and the property rights relations,and the internal and external environment of agricultural development has changed dramatically.Profound changes have taken place in the supply and demand of agricultural products.Ethnic minority areas should give full play to their regional endowments,transform traditional agriculture,creatively develop modern characteristic agriculture,and accelerate their social and economic development.This paper considers and analyzes the importance,present situation and restrictive factors of developing modern characteristic agriculture in ethnic minority areas,and puts forward some ideas and measures for the creative development of modern characteristic agriculture in ethnic minority areas.

Improving the Design of Children's Books Art and Design Applied to Books——Research in the UK

This article is mainly on the research of how to improve the design of children's books.

The analysis of migrant workers social security

National development proved that the transfer of rural surplus labor force to towns is a common phenomenon of industrialization and urbanization with the system, and the generation of migrant workers is the based on dual household registration management system in China＇s social management system under the special groups. For a long time, the edge of the migrant workers living in the city, become second-class citizens of the city, not only discrimination in employment and all aspects of life, but also lack in social rights, the main performance is the lack of social security. In urban employment for the urban prosperity, the economic development of hard work,added some job vacancy city, become a indispensable workforce urban construction and development, however, cannot and town worker also enjoy social security, this not only is the embodiment of the social injustice, the long down will also hinder the development of economy,and even threaten social stability. Therefore, the problem of social security of peasant workers should and we should pay more attention to the problem.

Evotherm温拌橡胶沥青的老化特性及红外光谱分析

模拟Evotherm温拌橡胶沥青热-氧-水浸老化试验,采用红外光谱考察Evotherm温拌橡胶沥青在水老化过程中各组分及官能团的变化。结果表明,Evotherm温拌橡胶沥青水老化前后吸收峰的形状和官能团的位置相似,未生成新的官能团。Evotherm温拌橡胶沥青在热-氧-水老化条件下,以氧化反应为主;老化5 h后,芳香分、沥青质增多,饱和分减少;老化后,羟基和羰基变得更加突出,亚砜基变化不明显;热-氧-水浸环境下的含氧官能团比热-氧-水蒸气环境下的含氧官能团含量更多;采用羰基和碳氢键峰面积表征Evotherm温拌橡胶沥青的水老化更合适。