On the Correlation between Historicity and Textuality—An In-depth Analysis of New Historicism

Different literary criticism theories have paved the way to analyse and evaluate the literature works from various per?spectives. In the last century, especially during the 1940s to the 1960s, the New Criticism almost dominated the literature analysis field. However, in the 1970s and early 1980s, a kind of literary criticism theory which maintained that the personal biases could largely affect the interpretation of the literature work and all history could be subjective seized the literature critic's eyeballs. And the appearance of New Historicism marked a vital transition of literature criticism theories. By analyzing the historicity of texts and the textuality of history, New Historicism does not set a clear distinction between history and literature.New Historicism mainly connects the texts and history and puts an end to the texts isolation. By figuring out the origin of New Historicism, trying to analyse the historicity and textuality thoroughly in this literature criticism theory, and exploring the disputes over this theory, the origins, concepts,historicity and textualityof New Historicism will be clarified.

Marx’s Theory of World History Explained: Basic Connotations and Contemporary Context

Marx’s theory of world history is an important part of his materialist conception of history(i.e., historical materialism). Marx and Engels summarized the evolution of social history and the laws behind it based on their observations and analyses of human activities and their material conditions in real life and raised the realistic possibility of “transformation of history into world history” in the future. From the Marxist perspective of world history, we attempt to catch a glimpse of his profound, scientific criticism of capitalism and understand the contemporaneity and supercontemporaneity of Marxism. Also, we try to perceive new issues of our time and develop a new theory grounded in the scientific, rational, and universal insights from Marxism. The study of Marx’s theory of world history and criticism of capitalism can help understand today’s major issues such as globalization and anti-globalization. In short, Marx’s theory of world history is of profound theoretical and practical significance.

A First Tour of Wulong Pool——Nanjing city, the ancient capital of six dynasties, had kept lots of interesting places and historical relics for us to explore.

Last October, the Nanjing-based aiwan, Hongkong, Macao and verseas Chinese Literature Society went to Wulong Pool. Zhang Chao, vice-chairman of the society, invited me to go to see the place with him. We went eastward out of Longpanli along bustling and seething Guangzhou Avenue. by the side of the high Suolong Bridge, we found a garden gate with flower-

Female directors in the boardroom and intellectual capital performance:Does the“critical mass”matter?

This research aims to investigate the influence of female directors on Intellectual Capital Performance(ICP)using a sample of manufacturing-listed companies in China.Our study investigates the link between having two or more female directors and the Modified Value-Added Intellectual Coefficient(MVAIC)methodology,employing the critical mass theory from 2004–2017.We find that having a critical mass of female directors(three or more)shows a significant positive impact on MVAIC and its components,including human capital efficiency,structural capital efficiency,relational capital efficiency,and physical capital efficiency,with physical capital being the critical driver.Our study reveals that the critical mass participation of female directors substantially influences the IC efficiency of privately owned companies compared to state-owned companies.Moreover,the number of female directors also affects the IC performance of manufacturing companies in multiple regions.Our findings support the validity of group classification identified by Kanter and Critical Mass Theory.To the best of our knowledge,this is one of the few pieces of research that studies the role of female board directors in IC performance and Chinese manufacturing firms using MVAIC as an IC measure.

A Comparative Study of Lao Zi's Eco-philosophy and Western Contemporary Eco-philosophy

Based on the brief introduction of western contemporary eco-philosophies and Lao Zi’s eco-philosophy,there will be an analysis of the differences according to historical context and critical target and their convergence.The analysis leads to the conclusion that eco-philosophies,whether contemporary or ancient,are against any form of domination and centrism.

Urban built heritage protection and realistic dilemmas:the development process,protection system,and critical thinking of historic districts in Dalian

In China,the northeastern region has preserved many valuable modern built heritage buildings,which are undergoing difficult exploratory protection during the industrial and urbanisation process.Taking Dalian city as a case study,this article retraces the history of Dalian’s opening up and colonial management from the perspective of urban planning and historic district protection and management systems.This article sorts out the influence of national and local institutional policies on Dalian’s urban construction and development to analyse the past evolution,current problems and internal causes of the renovation and protection of Dalian’s typical historic districts.This influence is mainly reflected in the lack of protection and damage done to unofficial heritage,the disconnection between historic districts and the surrounding environments and urban textures,and the Chinese-style transformation and economic decline of exotic areas.This paper calls for attention to and the rapid clarification of the built heritage list,the improvement of planning and protection systems and related supporting policies,and a focus on the protection of the authenticity of colonial heritage.This paper provides strategic guidance for improving the protection of historic districts in Dalian in Northeast China and hopes to serve as a reference for the protection of built heritage in other nonfamous historic and cultural cities.

Searching Images of Kengtung: An Old Walled City Town

Geopolitically Kengtung region was located in a most strategic place in Myanmar. It shares borders with China on the north and Thailand on the east. Kengtung is a place which forms a significant historical site in the easternmost part of Myanmar. From the geopolitical point of view, the region was located in a most strategic place. Its situation forced to safeguard the region. The town lies on a critical point of Myanmar’s defences. The restriction of exacting money as a yearly tribute did not concern for Kengtung. The tradition of paying homage was appeased to the King. The ruling Sawbwa which achieved the valuable return presents of the Burmese King. Kengtung came in the first class, and was the most important of the Myanmar’s possessions east of the Thanlwin River. Its position may be roughly judged by the tribute paid to the King and the contigent it was bound to supply to the royal army. Therefore, Kengtung was very important for the security of Myanmar’s eastern frontier during the Konbaung period. It was like a small Union within an Empire together with multinational races of Myanmar. A good deed of past events blanket over the town till today.

An Eco-Critical Discourse Analysis of Texts in English Textbooks Based on Discourse-Historical Approach

As one of major textbooks wildly used in China among secondary school students and high schools, Go For It series published by People's Education Press have obtained and still maintained unshakeable since last century. This study aims at exploring and investigating English texts by People's Education Press trying to find out the conduct of environmental education through English Learning to uncover how language choices in English textbooks are invested with ideological implications based on Discourse-Historical Approach(DHA).

历史唯物主义视域下马克思政治经济学的“术语革命”——基于“资本”范畴的分析

历史唯物主义是马克思变革、超越古典政治经济学的重要理论基础。正是立足历史唯物主义,马克思赋予政治经济学范畴与以往截然不同的全新内涵,发动了“术语革命”。从资本范畴来看,马克思批判并革新了古典政治经济学家将资本理解为物的观点,揭示了其“社会关系”本质,归正了对资本的理解,开显了资本的本真意蕴。马克思政治经济学的“术语革命”,不仅起到了革新政治经济学的巨大作用,而且对历史唯物主义的证实、丰富、完善和发展具有极为重要的理论意义。

图像资本的视觉叙事及其意识形态批判

在现代消费社会,随着表意图谱在视觉经验处的集结,图像借助视觉技术成功地实现了对社会再生产过程的全面占领,商品的生产、流通、消费都受制于图像逻辑的规制,图像就此完成其资本身份的社会性建构。在本质上讲,图像资本不是图像本身,而是一种以图像为中介的人与人之间的社会关系。图像资本通过制造“假象”意识形态,激活人们的伪欲望结构,为资本的剩余价值增殖提供源源不断的伪消费驱动。图像资本通过将影像编织成被隔离的“景观”意识形态世界,进而把资本意识形态统治纳入到无意识控制之中。图像资本通过对非实在的象征性的结构化“符号”意识形态的控制,来完成隶属于资本的能指意识形态的再生产过程。图像资本开启了意识形态直接物化的大门,建构了比现实还真实的超真实“场境”意识形态,使受众自愿地投入到资本意识形态的逻辑框架之中。从“假象”到“景观”、到“符号”再到“场境”,验证了马克思的政治经济学批判范式对于图像资本意识形态依然具有持续的解释力。

哈特穆特·罗萨与马克思诊断“社会加速”的路径差异

人类历史进入近现代以来,以商品生产为根本特征的扩大再生产成为生产的主要形式,带来了社会加速这一崭新的历史景观,它在推动人类文明进步的同时也导致了一系列社会矛盾和挑战。新一代法兰克福学派批判理论家哈特穆特·罗萨以“时间结构”作为其社会研究的方法路径,明确把晚期现代社会诊断为“加速社会”,指出社会加速体现为“技术、社会变化和生活节奏”的加速,并由此带来了“空间异化”、“物界异化”、“行动异化”、“时间异化”和“自我异化与社会异化”等新的异化危机,进而试图通过重建主体与世界之间关系的“共鸣”道路来摆脱异化的困境。这一探讨尽管启发了我们对于人的生存、技术治理和社会建设等重大课题的进一步思考,但无论是其诊断路径还是解决方案,都存在着抽象性和理想化的理论局限。事实上,马克思运用历史唯物主义对资本主义社会的加速现象进行了科学分析,指出社会加速及其困境根本上源自“价值增殖”这一资本逻辑的推动,因此只有消灭资本主义私有制才能真正克服社会加速带来的异化困境。深入考察哈特穆特·罗萨与马克思诊断“社会加速”的两种理论路径,对于我们化解加速社会存在的一系列矛盾具有重要的理论意义和实践价值。

《资本论》的社会建设逻辑探赜

《资本论》的伟大绝不仅仅在于其论证了资本主义的发展逻辑,更在于它蕴含了未来的社会建设逻辑。如果说《资本论》既属于一部哲学著作又属于一部经济学著作,那是因为《资本论》既论证了资本主义必然灭亡又阐明了资本主义如何灭亡。《资本论》的这一写作特性表明,《资本论》还应该属于社会哲学著作的范畴。因为《资本论》所阐释的不仅是一种具有批判性质的学说,而且还是一种蕴含着以建构社会良性运行机制为己任的学说,即《资本论》批判资本主义体制不是最终目标,构筑共产主义体制才是它的终极追求。按照社会哲学的学科原则理解,《资本论》中的资本逻辑批判不只是包含抽象性质的宏大叙事式的社会批判,而且还包含有社会实践中存在着有比资本主义体制更为合理的社会形式的思想意蕴,而表征这一思想意蕴的社会哲学理论的基本原则,就应该被称为马克思的社会建设逻辑。

作为空间范畴的数字资本主义——基于资本主义发展史的考察

资本主义是一种创造更大空间生产的制度,空间是资本的存续之根。通过对资本主义发展历史的空间性考察,分析其在不同时期空间组织形式的变化,可以看到资本在国家空间形态的生产场域的运作中推动了世界性生产空间的形成。随着资本主义进入数字时代,数字资本主义的核心是生产资料和生产单位的数字空间化,数字空间化的媒介是数字平台。如果任由作为空间力量的资本主义无限制地发展下去,由数字资本主导人类文明的发展,资本主义就会利用数字生产力地发展,在不断制造和占有空间中实现物质与数字世界的双重统治。数字资本并非以数据为中心,而是以数字空间的布局为中心的资本发展形态。数字时代是人类创造一种新的文明形态的历史时代,需要立足于对数字资本主义的空间性考察,寻求实现人的空间解放的历史性力量。

基于价值链逻辑的历史文化整体性保护及其创新性发展

中华人民共和国成立以来,我国文化遗产保护传承体系在发展中完善,逐渐形成了增强文化自信、振奋民族精神的文化场域和整体性保护的中国方案,是铸牢中华民族共同体意识的重要基石。随着我国文物保护体系、历史文化名城名镇名村体系和传统村落,以及非物质文化遗产保护体系的多元化形态和价值凸显,新形势下适应文化遗产整体性保护的目标及其创新发展诉求,从文化遗产本体价值-关联价值-转译价值出发,基于价值链逻辑,阐释文化遗产的时空脉络和文化内涵,即文脉价值;针对现实矛盾与发展困境,从多头管理的现实出发,建构以历史文化价值保护为核心的制度体系和保障;从人与遗产环境的共生关系,认知其社会价值,并适应于社会经济需求和价值约束,实现文化传承与复兴发展,即从固守到“守正适变”的创造性转化和创新性发展。

视角、史实与文本——重译《中国十八省府·苏州》一得

20世纪初西方地理学探险家威廉·埃德加·盖洛曾到中国考察,并撰著《中国十八省府》,其中有《苏州》章。盖洛不通汉语,亦非学者,一方面他所吸收、采纳和记录的苏州资料有相当的广泛性和多样性,另一方面这些资料的可信度和价值意义需要读者仔细斟酌考辨。通过重译《苏州》章并与之前的译文进行比较,发现对于此类文本侧重文史互证的翻译方式较为有效,它不仅凸显盖洛观察苏州选取的独特视角和人文深度,也最大程度地保证了译文的信实度,还原历史的真实细节。

马克思历史性思维的呈现方式与当代建构

马克思始终坚持以历史性思维方式展开对现实世界的思考,并在理论研究与实践所需的双重推动下实现对历史性现实运动的内在把握。这种历史性思维呈现为:以把握特定时代的社会历史特质和世界发展趋势作为基本前提,探求现实对象在历史总体进程中展现出的一般必然性与特殊规定性,形成对特定社会现实的批判性解构,据此建构起对历史发展脉络的整体性理解。当代中国正处于世界百年未有之大变局与中华民族伟大复兴战略全局交汇的历史时刻,面对更加严峻的理论挑战和实践任务,需要正确认识中国所处的时代方位和历史阶段,在自我批判与自我革命中形成对中国实践的规律性认识,由此建构历史性思维再现实化的中国逻辑。

青年马克思对黑格尔批判方法的再现实化

马克思在“对黑格尔的辩证法和整个哲学的批判”中,首次明确肯定“黑格尔辩证法的积极的环节”。这个隐藏于批判主题下常被忽视的变化,成为马克思从费尔巴哈总问题必然地走向黑格尔总问题的开端,即从解构式批判到建构式批判的过渡。马克思正是借助对黑格尔异化概念的“批判的形式”和作为“推动原则和创造原则的否定性”的肯定和再现实化,才创立起真正的批判方法,意识到黑格尔思辨哲学与国民经济学异化现实的同构关系,辩证地揭示出私有财产的普遍本质和历史意义。正是马克思的批判引入了更具现实性的“历史性”维度,才为超越费尔巴哈的伦理逻辑、迈向唯物史观提供了理论契机。

马克思对资本主义的批判是否存在双重路径?--对艾伦·布坎南内在批判与外在批判的反思

如何阐释马克思对资本主义的批判,是理解马克思正义思想的前提。艾伦·布坎南提出了双重路径的建构与阐释视角--非法权的外在批判与法权的内在批判,从而把马克思正义思想以内在批判的形式呈现出来。然而,布坎南的建构与阐释是失败的。首先,其双重建构存在着两条路径之间的对抗。其次,其外在建构忽略了法权批判的可能性。最后,其内在建构违背了历史唯物主义对资本主义的批判逻辑。布坎南失败的根本原因在于误读了历史唯物主义,但这并不意味着双重路径的设想没有合理性。基于历史唯物主义,我们仍然可以提出一种马克思批判资本主义的双重路径--低阶批判与高阶批判。这样理解的“双重路径”,清晰地呈现了马克思正义思想的内在构成,将为马克思主义正义理论的当代建构提供真正合乎马克思本人思想的方法论支持。