By studying the county-level census data of 1990 and 2000, we analyzed the spatial and temporal changes in the floating population in China between 1990 and 2000. The results of the analysis revealed the following cha...By studying the county-level census data of 1990 and 2000, we analyzed the spatial and temporal changes in the floating population in China between 1990 and 2000. The results of the analysis revealed the following characteris- tics. First, the spatial distribution of the migrants (referred to as 'floaters' in this paper) became increasingly concentrated in the cities during the 1990s. Second, the number of floaters increased rapidly during this period, and the area in which the floaters settled expanded quickly into four population explosion belts: the coast, the Changjiang River Delta, the Beijing-Guangzhou Railway and national border belts. Third, the number of inter-province floaters increased rapidly and exceeded that of intra-province floaters in the 1990s. In addition, to obtain a quantitative relationship between the number of floaters and 10 socio-economic variables by using statistical methods and also to find the chiefly important pulling factors of the migration destination, the authors selected approximately 100 cities with the largest population of floaters. Consequently, we found that four factors-GDP, passenger trips per 10,000 persons, per capita GDP and foreign direct investment-could provide an explanation for 83.7% of the number of floaters in 2000. The GDP showed the highest correlation with the number of floaters, suggesting that a highly developed economy is the most important factor that attracts floaters. Furthermore, a fairly close relationship between the number of floaters and the GDP was also found in 2000 for all the counties.展开更多
This research examines the shifts in age profiles among migrants in China,utilizing microdata derived from four national censuses and two 1%population sample surveys conducted since 1990.Our findings indicate:(1)there...This research examines the shifts in age profiles among migrants in China,utilizing microdata derived from four national censuses and two 1%population sample surveys conducted since 1990.Our findings indicate:(1)there has been a surge in age-specific migration intensity across all age groups over the past two decades;(2)the age profiles of the flow floating population differ from both the entire and the residual migrant populations;and(3)the age profiles of China’s flow floating population exhibit a blend of Asian and Western patterns-a prevalence among individuals in their early 20s,typical of Asian patterns,and a broad range of ages post-peak,indicative of Western patterns.Consequently,we propose that future population projections prioritize the flow floating population over the traditionally employed entire floating population.Furthermore,recognizing heterogeneity is critical for accurately understanding migrants in China,necessitating a comprehensive migration policy that safeguards the rights and welfare of these individuals.展开更多
China has witnessed unprecedented urbanization over the past decades. The rapid expansion of urban population has been dominantly contributed by the floating population from rural areas, of which the spatiotemporal pa...China has witnessed unprecedented urbanization over the past decades. The rapid expansion of urban population has been dominantly contributed by the floating population from rural areas, of which the spatiotemporal patterns, driving forces, and multidimensional effects are scrutinized and evaluated in this study by using the latest national censuses conducted in 2000 and 2010. Analysis based on the county-level data comes to conclusions as follows. The spatial pattern of floating population has remained stable over the first decade of the new century. The top 1% cities with the largest floating population received 45.5% of all migrants in China. As the rapid development of mega-city regions, the coastal concentration areas of floating population tended to geographically united as a whole, whereas the spatial distribution of migrants within each region varied significantly. The migrant concentration area in the Yangtze River Delta was the largest and its expansion was also the most salient. However, the floating population has growingly moved into provincial capitals and other big cities in the inland regions and its gravity center has moved northward for around 110 km during the study period. The spatial pattern of floating population has been formed jointly by the state and market forces in transitional China and the impacts of state forces have been surpassed by those of market forces in the country as a whole. The attractiveness of coastal cities and counties to the floating population comes mainly from the nonagricultural employment opportunities and public services, reflecting that long-distance and long-term migrants have moved coastward not only to gain employment but also to enjoy city life. By contrast, in the central and western regions, places with a higher economic development level and at a higher administrative level are more attractive to floating populations, demonstrating that the state remains to play an important role in allocating economic resources and promoting regional development in inland China. As the main body of new urban residents, the floating population has contributed substantially to the elevation of the urbanization levels of migrant-sending and -receiving places, by 20.0% and 49.5% respectively. Compared with ex- tensively investigated interprovincial migrants, intra-provincial migrants have higher intention and ability to permanently live in cities and thus might become the main force of China＇s urbanization in the coming decades. The internal migration has also reshaped China＇s urban system in terms of its hierarchical organization and spatial structure.展开更多
On the basis of the analysis of the standards for the city/town populationstatistics in the past censuses,the author makes a proportional analysis of the city/townpopulation according to the data obtained from the fou...On the basis of the analysis of the standards for the city/town populationstatistics in the past censuses,the author makes a proportional analysis of the city/townpopulation according to the data obtained from the fourth census,and points out the dis-crepancies in the standard for the the city/town population statistics used in the fourthcensus and proposes ways for their correction.展开更多
Population distribution and their temporal variation are a direct proxy of urbanization. This study evaluates the population density variation of China between 2000 and 2010 at the township level by using the data of ...Population distribution and their temporal variation are a direct proxy of urbanization. This study evaluates the population density variation of China between 2000 and 2010 at the township level by using the data of the fi fth and sixth national population censuses. The urbanization patterns of China in 2000 and 2010 are depicted based on the population densities at various levels and the urbanization process of China between 2000 and 2010 is then analyzed through a comparative approach. It also tries to visualize the population density dynamics and urbanization pattern variations of China at the township level.展开更多
The population of China has entered an era of low fertility and aging,with a slower growth rate in the last decade.This commentary briefly reviews demographic changes in China in the last seven decades with some impor...The population of China has entered an era of low fertility and aging,with a slower growth rate in the last decade.This commentary briefly reviews demographic changes in China in the last seven decades with some important years of change in mortality,fertility and urbanization,and discusses future trends according to the information provided by the 2020 Census.China has experienced“compressed”population change,and population aging will continue to advance,meanwhile the size of the population is expected to reach its peak in the near future.To prepare proper response to the challenges proactively,institutional change which adapts to population changes is necessary.展开更多
基金Under the auspices of the Domestic Research Fellowship of the Japan Foundation of Public Communication on Scienceand Technology (No. H-3)
文摘By studying the county-level census data of 1990 and 2000, we analyzed the spatial and temporal changes in the floating population in China between 1990 and 2000. The results of the analysis revealed the following characteris- tics. First, the spatial distribution of the migrants (referred to as 'floaters' in this paper) became increasingly concentrated in the cities during the 1990s. Second, the number of floaters increased rapidly during this period, and the area in which the floaters settled expanded quickly into four population explosion belts: the coast, the Changjiang River Delta, the Beijing-Guangzhou Railway and national border belts. Third, the number of inter-province floaters increased rapidly and exceeded that of intra-province floaters in the 1990s. In addition, to obtain a quantitative relationship between the number of floaters and 10 socio-economic variables by using statistical methods and also to find the chiefly important pulling factors of the migration destination, the authors selected approximately 100 cities with the largest population of floaters. Consequently, we found that four factors-GDP, passenger trips per 10,000 persons, per capita GDP and foreign direct investment-could provide an explanation for 83.7% of the number of floaters in 2000. The GDP showed the highest correlation with the number of floaters, suggesting that a highly developed economy is the most important factor that attracts floaters. Furthermore, a fairly close relationship between the number of floaters and the GDP was also found in 2000 for all the counties.
基金Funding was provided by National Planning Office of Philosophy and Social Science(Grant no.19BRK039).
文摘This research examines the shifts in age profiles among migrants in China,utilizing microdata derived from four national censuses and two 1%population sample surveys conducted since 1990.Our findings indicate:(1)there has been a surge in age-specific migration intensity across all age groups over the past two decades;(2)the age profiles of the flow floating population differ from both the entire and the residual migrant populations;and(3)the age profiles of China’s flow floating population exhibit a blend of Asian and Western patterns-a prevalence among individuals in their early 20s,typical of Asian patterns,and a broad range of ages post-peak,indicative of Western patterns.Consequently,we propose that future population projections prioritize the flow floating population over the traditionally employed entire floating population.Furthermore,recognizing heterogeneity is critical for accurately understanding migrants in China,necessitating a comprehensive migration policy that safeguards the rights and welfare of these individuals.
基金The New Teachers＇ Scientific Research Program funded by Beijing Forestry University, No.BLX2013028 National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.41371166
文摘China has witnessed unprecedented urbanization over the past decades. The rapid expansion of urban population has been dominantly contributed by the floating population from rural areas, of which the spatiotemporal patterns, driving forces, and multidimensional effects are scrutinized and evaluated in this study by using the latest national censuses conducted in 2000 and 2010. Analysis based on the county-level data comes to conclusions as follows. The spatial pattern of floating population has remained stable over the first decade of the new century. The top 1% cities with the largest floating population received 45.5% of all migrants in China. As the rapid development of mega-city regions, the coastal concentration areas of floating population tended to geographically united as a whole, whereas the spatial distribution of migrants within each region varied significantly. The migrant concentration area in the Yangtze River Delta was the largest and its expansion was also the most salient. However, the floating population has growingly moved into provincial capitals and other big cities in the inland regions and its gravity center has moved northward for around 110 km during the study period. The spatial pattern of floating population has been formed jointly by the state and market forces in transitional China and the impacts of state forces have been surpassed by those of market forces in the country as a whole. The attractiveness of coastal cities and counties to the floating population comes mainly from the nonagricultural employment opportunities and public services, reflecting that long-distance and long-term migrants have moved coastward not only to gain employment but also to enjoy city life. By contrast, in the central and western regions, places with a higher economic development level and at a higher administrative level are more attractive to floating populations, demonstrating that the state remains to play an important role in allocating economic resources and promoting regional development in inland China. As the main body of new urban residents, the floating population has contributed substantially to the elevation of the urbanization levels of migrant-sending and -receiving places, by 20.0% and 49.5% respectively. Compared with ex- tensively investigated interprovincial migrants, intra-provincial migrants have higher intention and ability to permanently live in cities and thus might become the main force of China＇s urbanization in the coming decades. The internal migration has also reshaped China＇s urban system in terms of its hierarchical organization and spatial structure.
文摘On the basis of the analysis of the standards for the city/town populationstatistics in the past censuses,the author makes a proportional analysis of the city/townpopulation according to the data obtained from the fourth census,and points out the dis-crepancies in the standard for the the city/town population statistics used in the fourthcensus and proposes ways for their correction.
文摘Population distribution and their temporal variation are a direct proxy of urbanization. This study evaluates the population density variation of China between 2000 and 2010 at the township level by using the data of the fi fth and sixth national population censuses. The urbanization patterns of China in 2000 and 2010 are depicted based on the population densities at various levels and the urbanization process of China between 2000 and 2010 is then analyzed through a comparative approach. It also tries to visualize the population density dynamics and urbanization pattern variations of China at the township level.
文摘The population of China has entered an era of low fertility and aging,with a slower growth rate in the last decade.This commentary briefly reviews demographic changes in China in the last seven decades with some important years of change in mortality,fertility and urbanization,and discusses future trends according to the information provided by the 2020 Census.China has experienced“compressed”population change,and population aging will continue to advance,meanwhile the size of the population is expected to reach its peak in the near future.To prepare proper response to the challenges proactively,institutional change which adapts to population changes is necessary.
