Examinations of the German colonial empire often focus on questions of ideology, metropolitan politics, or seek to address questions related to the ＂special path＂ of German history. All too often, the German invader...Examinations of the German colonial empire often focus on questions of ideology, metropolitan politics, or seek to address questions related to the ＂special path＂ of German history. All too often, the German invaders are portrayed as omnipotent and intellectually superior to their African allies and opponents. This paper argues for the primacy of ＂events on the ground＂, and instead focuses on the initiative and choices made by local African actors during the protracted conflict between the Germans and the Hehe in German East Africa （modem Tanzania） in the 1890s. During this conflict, African elites sought to maximize their own power, wealth, and prestige by utilizing German resources to their own ends. Overall, this work argues for the centrality of African politics and policy-making during early colonialism.展开更多
The experience of＂The Other＂ has become a common one for people in the 21st century, and yet it continues to be a major problem for everyone involved. Increasingly, however, immigrants and their descendants adjust a...The experience of＂The Other＂ has become a common one for people in the 21st century, and yet it continues to be a major problem for everyone involved. Increasingly, however, immigrants and their descendants adjust and soon participate in and with the new culture（s）. At the same time, those who encounter ＂The Other＂ through the contact with immigrants, have also to adapt, to learn, and to realize considerable changes in themselves in that process. Recently, a new German novelist, Renate Ahrens, has created several major works in which she reflects on this intricate phenomenon typical of our times. The present study might well be the first critical analysis of her last two novels, Zeit der Wahrheit （Time of Truth, 2005） and Fremde Schwestern （Alienated Sisters, 2011）, which prove to be outstanding and first-rate literary treatments of the theme of＂The Other＂ in an intercultural context. As Ahrens illustrates in both novels, each individual carries a heavy baggage imposed on them by the own family history, and so in both cases the confrontation with ＂The Other＂ serves exceedingly well to break open the shell of self-isolation and self-alienation. Love finally overcomes ancient conflicts and paves the way for new integrative forces supporting the formation of the ＂global village＂ we all are really living in.展开更多
The following essay aims to critically discuss the first transposition of Guy de Maupassant’s novel Bel-Ami to the screen by Austrian film director Willi Forst at the end of the 1930s.Forst’s film preceded by a deca...The following essay aims to critically discuss the first transposition of Guy de Maupassant’s novel Bel-Ami to the screen by Austrian film director Willi Forst at the end of the 1930s.Forst’s film preceded by a decade Hollywood’s version The Private Affairs of Bel Ami,of 1947,with George Sanders as Bel-Ami,while Maupassant’s novel was first brought to the screen in France by Louis Daquin in the 1950s.Yet Forst’s film has been paid but scarce attention in scholarly studies on the cinematic adaptations of Maupassant’s work.In discussing Forst’s film,the present essay will specifically examine Forst’s work in its relation to Maupassant’s novel.In particular,attention will be focused on the metamorphosis of the character of Bel-Ami on the screen in comparison to the novel,and Forst’s film shall simultaneously be analyzed in the context of Forst’s oeuvre.By drawing attention to the first film to be adapted from Maupassant’s world-famous novel,this essay aims to fill a gap in scholarly literature on the relationship between the French novelist and cinema.展开更多
The main goal of this review is to give an overview of scientific publications concerning the employer attractiveness of German hospitals from the perspective of medical doctors in order to identify future research po...The main goal of this review is to give an overview of scientific publications concerning the employer attractiveness of German hospitals from the perspective of medical doctors in order to identify future research possibilities. After a summary of central problems concerning the German health sector and its current challenges, the study design behind the systematic content analysis as well as its criteria are presented. Selected results describe characteristics of expert literature for employer attractiveness in general, the attractiveness of German hospitals as employers (“hospital employer attractiveness” for short) as well as employer attractiveness from a medical doctor’s point of view. For each of these areas, focal points of research and main results are summarized and research gaps are pointed out.展开更多
The research paper explores belongingness and identity in post-WWII German literature through the lens of iconic scholars,including Wolf,Şenocak,and Grass.The three authors are central and prominent figures in buildin...The research paper explores belongingness and identity in post-WWII German literature through the lens of iconic scholars,including Wolf,Şenocak,and Grass.The three authors are central and prominent figures in building German literature in the aftermath of the war.National divisions in Germany,rebuilding destroyed communities,and guilt struggles marked this literature.German authors utilized literature during the war to question and comprehend fractures,structures,and the comprehensive identity of a nation with issues of guilt,war,splitting,differences,and divisions.By comprehensively linking Wolf and Grass’authorships to modern debates on multiculturism and migration,we derive fundamental insights and ideas into their applicability to issues affecting our world today.Some of the contemporary issues are immigration,civil wars,and trauma affecting people.Authors like Grass had a significant role to play during post-WWII in Germany,like dealing with and handling migrant and refugee experiences,returning of soldiers,the Holocaust,and the hardships of life.展开更多
The history of Georgian writing starts much earlier than when Goethe introduced the term"Weltliteratur."It starts from the era of Christianity from the 4th century.Due to the fast spread of Christianity in t...The history of Georgian writing starts much earlier than when Goethe introduced the term"Weltliteratur."It starts from the era of Christianity from the 4th century.Due to the fast spread of Christianity in the Early Medieval period,Georgia was already included in the European net of Christian writing.All branches of Christian spiritual literature were presented.Georgian culture and literature naturally were developing in the frame of the Western European tradition.The period of the 11th-12th centuries was a Golden Era for Georgia,and the heyday of fame for Georgian culture and literature as well.Precisely during this period,"The Knight in the Panther's Skin"was created by Shota Rustaveli.Apart from its aesthetic,philosophical,and worldview depth,it is a first text in Georgian literature as well as in European literature which reflects the clashing of two huge universes in Georgian culturethe West and the East.The Western principles are revealed in the Christian worldview of the text,in the way of thinking of the author and in its genre;however,the 12th century is already a period of strengthening of the influence of Eastern culture and literature in the European part of the Caucasus,and Rustaveli regards with obvious favor the Oriental poetic motifs.Unfortunately,at this stage of European literary history,Georgian literature was separated from the Western European literary process due to tragic political events.As for literature,it was a period of almost three centuries of silence.After the fall of Constantinople,Georgian literature had to move closer to the Eastern area as an historically offered alternative.From the 17th century,the process of the returning of Georgian political and cultural life back within the European frame had been started.Genuine Georgian writers were able to tie Georgian literature to the cultural models of European Classicism and the Enlightenment.展开更多
文摘Examinations of the German colonial empire often focus on questions of ideology, metropolitan politics, or seek to address questions related to the ＂special path＂ of German history. All too often, the German invaders are portrayed as omnipotent and intellectually superior to their African allies and opponents. This paper argues for the primacy of ＂events on the ground＂, and instead focuses on the initiative and choices made by local African actors during the protracted conflict between the Germans and the Hehe in German East Africa （modem Tanzania） in the 1890s. During this conflict, African elites sought to maximize their own power, wealth, and prestige by utilizing German resources to their own ends. Overall, this work argues for the centrality of African politics and policy-making during early colonialism.
文摘The experience of＂The Other＂ has become a common one for people in the 21st century, and yet it continues to be a major problem for everyone involved. Increasingly, however, immigrants and their descendants adjust and soon participate in and with the new culture（s）. At the same time, those who encounter ＂The Other＂ through the contact with immigrants, have also to adapt, to learn, and to realize considerable changes in themselves in that process. Recently, a new German novelist, Renate Ahrens, has created several major works in which she reflects on this intricate phenomenon typical of our times. The present study might well be the first critical analysis of her last two novels, Zeit der Wahrheit （Time of Truth, 2005） and Fremde Schwestern （Alienated Sisters, 2011）, which prove to be outstanding and first-rate literary treatments of the theme of＂The Other＂ in an intercultural context. As Ahrens illustrates in both novels, each individual carries a heavy baggage imposed on them by the own family history, and so in both cases the confrontation with ＂The Other＂ serves exceedingly well to break open the shell of self-isolation and self-alienation. Love finally overcomes ancient conflicts and paves the way for new integrative forces supporting the formation of the ＂global village＂ we all are really living in.
文摘The following essay aims to critically discuss the first transposition of Guy de Maupassant’s novel Bel-Ami to the screen by Austrian film director Willi Forst at the end of the 1930s.Forst’s film preceded by a decade Hollywood’s version The Private Affairs of Bel Ami,of 1947,with George Sanders as Bel-Ami,while Maupassant’s novel was first brought to the screen in France by Louis Daquin in the 1950s.Yet Forst’s film has been paid but scarce attention in scholarly studies on the cinematic adaptations of Maupassant’s work.In discussing Forst’s film,the present essay will specifically examine Forst’s work in its relation to Maupassant’s novel.In particular,attention will be focused on the metamorphosis of the character of Bel-Ami on the screen in comparison to the novel,and Forst’s film shall simultaneously be analyzed in the context of Forst’s oeuvre.By drawing attention to the first film to be adapted from Maupassant’s world-famous novel,this essay aims to fill a gap in scholarly literature on the relationship between the French novelist and cinema.
文摘The main goal of this review is to give an overview of scientific publications concerning the employer attractiveness of German hospitals from the perspective of medical doctors in order to identify future research possibilities. After a summary of central problems concerning the German health sector and its current challenges, the study design behind the systematic content analysis as well as its criteria are presented. Selected results describe characteristics of expert literature for employer attractiveness in general, the attractiveness of German hospitals as employers (“hospital employer attractiveness” for short) as well as employer attractiveness from a medical doctor’s point of view. For each of these areas, focal points of research and main results are summarized and research gaps are pointed out.
文摘The research paper explores belongingness and identity in post-WWII German literature through the lens of iconic scholars,including Wolf,Şenocak,and Grass.The three authors are central and prominent figures in building German literature in the aftermath of the war.National divisions in Germany,rebuilding destroyed communities,and guilt struggles marked this literature.German authors utilized literature during the war to question and comprehend fractures,structures,and the comprehensive identity of a nation with issues of guilt,war,splitting,differences,and divisions.By comprehensively linking Wolf and Grass’authorships to modern debates on multiculturism and migration,we derive fundamental insights and ideas into their applicability to issues affecting our world today.Some of the contemporary issues are immigration,civil wars,and trauma affecting people.Authors like Grass had a significant role to play during post-WWII in Germany,like dealing with and handling migrant and refugee experiences,returning of soldiers,the Holocaust,and the hardships of life.
文摘The history of Georgian writing starts much earlier than when Goethe introduced the term"Weltliteratur."It starts from the era of Christianity from the 4th century.Due to the fast spread of Christianity in the Early Medieval period,Georgia was already included in the European net of Christian writing.All branches of Christian spiritual literature were presented.Georgian culture and literature naturally were developing in the frame of the Western European tradition.The period of the 11th-12th centuries was a Golden Era for Georgia,and the heyday of fame for Georgian culture and literature as well.Precisely during this period,"The Knight in the Panther's Skin"was created by Shota Rustaveli.Apart from its aesthetic,philosophical,and worldview depth,it is a first text in Georgian literature as well as in European literature which reflects the clashing of two huge universes in Georgian culturethe West and the East.The Western principles are revealed in the Christian worldview of the text,in the way of thinking of the author and in its genre;however,the 12th century is already a period of strengthening of the influence of Eastern culture and literature in the European part of the Caucasus,and Rustaveli regards with obvious favor the Oriental poetic motifs.Unfortunately,at this stage of European literary history,Georgian literature was separated from the Western European literary process due to tragic political events.As for literature,it was a period of almost three centuries of silence.After the fall of Constantinople,Georgian literature had to move closer to the Eastern area as an historically offered alternative.From the 17th century,the process of the returning of Georgian political and cultural life back within the European frame had been started.Genuine Georgian writers were able to tie Georgian literature to the cultural models of European Classicism and the Enlightenment.
