Wuzhen -- ＂the Last Riverine Town in China＂

Wuzhen is a typical riverine town south of the Yangtze River.Due to the World Internet Conference being held there,it seems to have become a place where CEOs a nd bosses of inter net compa n ies working on plans for the industry’s development gather.

Linguistic landscape and its impacts on place-making in mountain destination:A case of Mogan Mountain Town of Huzhou City,China

The place and placeness are believed to be a crucial perspective for comprehending the transformative dynamics of tourist destinations in the context of globalization and the rapid development of the tourism industry.As the material carrier of language,linguistic landscape is an intermediary for people to endow emotions and personalities into the place,becoming an effective path for exploring the place-making in a certain area.Mogan Mountain is a famous national tourist resort,which is located in Mogan Mountain Town,Deqing County,Huzhou City,China.This is a good case area for studying the relationship between linguistic landscape and placemaking in tourist destinations.There are two theories that form the theoretical foundation of the study,namely the place and the geosemiotics.Firstly,the results showed the overall style of the linguistic landscape.Multilingual labelling(52.7%),official signs(55.3%),and standardized Chinese characters predominantly shaped the linguistic landscape,with English and other languages being complementary.Secondly,from the perspective of three dimensions of the geosemiotics framework,such as inscription,language preference,and placement position,we conduct a comprehensive semiotic analysis of the linguistic landscape,which encompasses diverse facets such as fonts,materials,shifts in state,text vectors,and symmetrical arrangements.Finally,we explore the influence of linguistic landscapes on the place-making of Mogan Mountain through the dimensions of location,locale,and sense of place.The information on linguistic landscapes indicates the geographical location.These linguistic landscapes play an important role in constructing the language order,nostalgic atmosphere,exotic atmosphere,and elegant and tasteful lifestyle of the public space in Mogan Mountain.Readers of linguistic landscapes,including tourists and residents,generate and identify with the unique sense of place in Mogan Mountain.These linguistic landscapes construct the destination placeness of Mogan Mountain that combines both foreign and nostalgic styles,and the integration of Chinese and Western cultures.It will help promote the image positioning of tourism destinations and have practical guiding significance for the tourism planning,landscape-making,language management,and other aspects of tourism destinations.

From theme park to cultural tourism town:Disneyization turning of tourism space in China

Theme park development has become an important choice for tourism space development in Chinese cities,and the theming of space as well as the implied consumption symbols and cultural implications are usually viewed as examples for the development of other urban spaces,such as cultural tourism towns.The result is the Disneyization of urban tourism space.With the construction of characteristic towns being vigorously promoted throughout China,cultural tourism towns are springing up.They are typical of the“Wuzhen Town Mode”and represent the process of the Disneyization of tourism space in China.This research reflects on the evolution of the characteristics of tourism space in China.Taking the Wuzhen Town Mode as an example,this study reveals the characteristics and conversion mechanism of the Disneyization of tourism space in Chinese cities.According to this research,the Wuzhen Town Mode of the Disneyization is characterized by theming,hybrid consumption,merchandising,and performative labor.Residential function is a unique characteristic of the Disneyization of cultural tourism towns in China.Moreover,the Wuzhen Town Mode of the Disneyization is jointly motivated by the driving force of local governments,the propulsive force of tourist demand,the attractive force of the social environment,and the driving force of capital.Finally,suggestions and policy proposals are provided for the Disneyization of tourism space in China.

Benefit Evaluation on Land Comprehensive Consolidation in the Small Towns——A Case of Daxing District,Beijing,China

Taking Daxing District,Beijing,China as a example,benefit evaluation index system of small-town land comprehensive consolidation isestablished from four aspects of resource benefit,economic benefit,social benefit and ecological benefit.Weight of evaluation index is determinedby analytic hierarchy process.After the standardized treatment on the original value index,comprehensive index method is adopted to evaluate theland comprehensive consolidation benefits in 14 towns of Daxing District in the year 2005,combining with the index weight determined by analytic hi-erarchy process.Evaluation result shows that areas having significant effects are Yizhuang Town,Xihongmen Town,Yinghai Town,and JiugongTown,which are concentrated in rural-urban continuum with significant location advantages and good economic and infrastructure status.Areashaving good effects are Changziying Town,Huangcun Town,Panggezhuang Town,Beizangcun Town,and Yufa Town,which are located alongYongding River,with abundant farmland resources and good ecological environment.Areas having general effects are Weishan Town,QingyundianTown,and Anding Town,with insignificant location advantages.Areas with no significant effects are Lixian Town and Caiyu Town,with relativelypoor location,resource,and economic development status.

Studies on the Exploration of Constructing Towns in Mountainous Areas in Southwest China

Urbanization is an inevitable trend and an important force for the development in Yunnan,but the urbanization process was delayed by the mountainous and fragile environment conditions. Reform and innovation is very necessary to solve the contradiction between limited supply and unlimited demands on land resources. A preliminary analysis was made on the exploration of constructing mountainous towns in Yunnan Province,and suggestions were put forward on scientific sustainable construction in mountainous towns.

Characteristic Analysis of the Village and Town Structure——A Case of Jinhu County in Jiangsu Province,China

This thesis gives overview of the connotation of rural spatial structure,indicating 4 kinds of elements,namely nodus,passage,region and flow.Their spatial arrangement and interaction lead to the corresponding rural spatial structure.This thesis also offers panorama of the related theoretical progress of intra-county and rural areas,indicating that the research theories of regional spatial structure at present,mainly focus on macroscopic region or urban space,but there is shortage of researches on county spatial structure,especially microscopic rural spatial structure.On such basis,4 kinds of theoretical models and characteristics of regional spatial structure have been introduced.We build analysis index system of rural structural elements on the basis of 4 elements,and conduct rural spatial structural analysis,taking Jinhu County as an example.The result shows that rural spatial structure in Jinhu County is still at stage of nucleus-cluster development and rural system is not so sound.In addition,the passage network system of infrastructure has not taken shape,and county economy presents diseconomy of scale.The spatial interaction and association among towns in Jinhu County are weak.The characteristic analysis model of spatial structure in this research can objectively reflect regional characteristic of spatial structure.

Problems in the Development of Small Cities and Towns in West China and Countermeasures: A Case Study of Luzhou City, Sichuan Province

New urbanization targets at coordinated urban-rural development, and construction of ecological and livable environment, it is the foundation for breaking urban-rural dual structure of China and promoting the agricultural modernization. Small cities and towns as carriers of new urbanization have already become important paths of realizing new urbanization and solving problems concerning 300 million peasants in China. Considering the requirements of new urbanization, this paper took Luzhou City in Sichuan Province for example to explore development path suitable for small cities and towns in west China and gave pertinent suggestions.

Cangzhou City will be the Third Chemical Town of China

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The Art of Imitation:Thames Town and the 'The Copy' in China

■Shanghai has always been China'smost receptive city.During the nineteenthcentury,while the rest of the country clungto provincial traditions,Shanghai hadbegun to act as a gateway to the rest ofthe world.Along with the opium

Testing coral paleothermometers(B/Ca, Mg/Ca, Sr/Ca, U/Ca and δ^(18)O) under impacts of large riverine runoff

Sea surface temperature （SST） proxies including B/Ca, Mg/Ca, St/Ca, U/Ca and δ180 were analyzed in the skeleton of a Porites coral collected from the Zhujiang River （Pearl River） Estuary （ZRE）. These geochemical proxies are influenced by river runoff and this area of the northern South China Sea is strongly affected by seasonal freshwater floods. We assessed the robustness of each SST proxy through comparison with the local instrumental SST. Coral St/Ca shows the highest correlation with SST variations （r2=0.59）, suggesting St/Ca is the most robust SST proxy. In contrast, coral δ180 （r2=0.46）, B/Ca （r2=0.43） and U/Ca （r2=0.41） ratios were only moderately correlated with SST variations, suggesting that they are disturbed by some other factors in addition to SST. The poor correlation （r2=0.27） between SST and Mg/Ca indicates that Mg/Ca in coral skeletons is not a simple function of SST variations. This may ultimately limit the use of Mg/Ca as a coral paleothermometer.

Hook Benefit Evaluation on the Increase of Urban Construction Land and the Decrease of Rural Construction Land in the Suburbs of Chongqing City,China

According to the socio-economic statistical data and the land use data of Jingguan Town in the year 2008,hook benefit evaluation index system suitable for the actual situation of research region is determined,based on the systematic analyses of the basic data of current status and the related information of hook in research region.Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method is adopted to evaluate the increase of construction land of Jingguan Town before and after the hook.Result shows that the economic,social and ecological benefits of research region have significantly improved after the hook.And the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation index system and evaluation methods established in this research can provide references for the hook benefit evaluation in the suburbs of Chongqing City,China.

Characteristics and Driving Forces of Spatial Expansion of Oasis Cities and Towns in Hexi Corridor, Gansu Province, China

This paper presents an integrated study of urban spatial expansion in the Hexi Corridor, Gansu Province, China based on TM, ETM remote sensing data in 1987, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2006 and 2011. The study explores the characteristics of urban spatial expansion and dynamic mechanism by using expansion speed index, expansion intensity index, compact index, fractal dimension, and extended flexibility index. We built the index system of influencing factors of urban spatial expansion by using the grey incidence model. The results showed that urban spatial expansion rate in the Hexi Corridor has been on the upward trend since 1987. Expansion intensity showed an obvious upward trend, however, the upward trend varied in different urban areas. In addition, the urban structure was loose relatively, but the urban compactness was more obvious. The urban spatial form tended to be simple, and the urban land use tended to become more intensive. Urban spatial expansion experienced several stages: padding internally, external expansion and padding internally. The main driving factors of urban spatial expansion are not the urban water resources and the oasis scale, but one or several factors such as economy, traffic, population, resource and national policy.

Planning of Small Cities and Towns in Northwest China Based on New Urbanization Concepts

Construction and development of small cities and towns is signifi cant for promoting economic and social development,and solving issues concerning "agriculture,rural areas and peasants". In view of the rapid development of small cities and towns,confl icts and problems in the planning and construction of the small cities and towns in northwest China have emerged and brought negative infl uence on their healthy and sustainable development. On the basis of analyzing scientifi c connotations and construction needs of new urbanization,development of northwest China,and reviews on planning of small cities and towns in this region,planning paths against the background of new urbanization were explored.

Expansion Strategy of Agricultural Industrial Chain of Suburban Villages and Towns in the Process of Urbanization——A Case Study of Yongle Town in Nanming District of Guiyang City

On the basis of introducing the connotation of agricultural industrial chain, taking Yongle Town in Nanming District of Guiyang City as an example, this paper analyzes the advantages and constraint factors of the suburban villages and towns in the process of expanding agricultural industrial chain in the context of urbanization. Corresponding strategies of expanding the agricultural industrial chain of Yongle Town in the process of urbanization as follows: vigorously develop the leading enterprises; strengthen the construction of farmers' specialized cooperatives and agricultural associations; build and perfect agricultural industrial chain organizations; set up the public information platform; rely on the food industrial park to propel the deep processing of agricultural products; vigorously develop the logistics of agricultural products; promote the development of operation model of "brand+ standard+ scale"; vigorously develop ecology-oriented rural tourism; give full play to the functional role of the government.

Paired Border Towns or TwinCities from Finland and China

This paper discusses cross-border cooperation at the level of urban socio-economic systems. Worldwide, cross-border urban cooperation has in several cases produced socio-economic and political coherence supported by various joint programs and efforts. However, the degree of coherence varies and seldom cre-ates socio-economically and politically tightly integrated "Twin-Cities" where the state border becomes highly transparent or ob-scure. Focusing on Finlan d and China, our aim is to identify whether the selected border towns represent coherent TwinCities or a more loose type of "paired border towns". The study uses an empirical examination of three Finnish towns (Helsinki, Tornio, Imatra) and their neighboring towns in Estonia, Sweden, and Rus-sia as a benchmark. Then, a comparative study is made regarding three Chinese cross-border cities facing Russia, Vietnam and Ka-zakhstan. We highlight the differences in cross-border integration from the viewpoint of shared public sector programs, cross-border enterprise relocation and networking, and integrated social sector in terms of labor market, education and shopping area.

Landscape Spatial Characteristics of Streets and Lanes in Traditional Towns of Sichuan and Chongqing in China

The physical space and viewing perception of streets and lanes in traditional towns of Sichuan and Chongqing in China are deeply influenced by the terrain conditions of the area.The adaptation of the geographical environment with the change of the terrain height difference creates rich spatial rhythm changes in the spatial continuity and opening and closing processing of streets and lanes.The aspect ratio of building elevation and street front of frontage makes the street and lane scale adapt to the different functional requirements of business and life.At the same time,the changeable terrain height difference creates the composition level of street landscape perception of close shot,medium shot and long shot,which constitutes the unique regional charm of streets and lanes in traditional towns of Sichuan and Chongqing.

An Undiscouered Scenic Town in Western China

WE came across Fubao (fortune and trea-sure) Town by chance during a trip to Fobao (Buddhist Treasure) Mountain in Sichuan Province. Cloaked in dense forest, watered by rivers and waterfalls, and the habitat of various wild animals, the mountain is 46 kilometers from Hejiang County, Luzhou City. At its foot nestles the small secluded town of Fubao, little changed throughout the centuries.First emerging in the late Song Dynasty, Fubao Town took shape during the Ming Dynasty.

A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON RURAL INDUSTRIALIZATION IN CHINA

In recent ten years, the economic structure in rural China has gradually changed and industry become the main body in rtral economy. Based on detailed field work in seven towns of six provinces, this article focuses on the mechanism of rural development, the role the rural industry played in rural modemization, the regional differences in rural industrialization level and industrial structure, as well as mutual relationship between rural industrial development and population migration,and rural urbanization.

Study on Increase of Farmers' Income in Tibet from an Ecological Tourism Perspective——A Case Study of Puqu Town in Nyingchi County

Based on investigation data of farmers＇ income in Puqu Town, Nyingchi County during 2008 -2013, sources of farmers＇ income and effects of ecological tourism on increase of farmers＇ income in Puqu Town were analyzed. The results show that crop farming and animal husbandry are still main sources of increase of farmers＇ income, and ecological tourism has played increasingly important roles in increase of farmers＇ income; household productive management income is dominant but increases slowly, but household service management income increases rapidly; all kinds of subsidies also contribute to increase of farmers＇ income; ecological tourism and increase of farmers＇ income show rational retum trends to a cer- tain degree; because of shortcomings in tourism management, ecological tourism in Puqu Town develops slowly; the overall development of ecolog- ical tourism is not consistent with increase of farmers＇ income.

Architectural Landscape Organization of TouristCities in China

The article deals with the current problem in field studies of architectural landscape organization of tourist cities Suzhou andZhouzhuang in China. Levels of the general construction plan and the individual components of the landscape, such as the relief,soft cape and water areas, are investigated. The results of the earlier urban field studies in Europe, America, Australia, Asia andmany others countries are presented.The results show that the structures of the cities are split by river channels, which allows to organize additional hiking tours byfloating facilities within a year and to improve the ecological environment. This is facilitated by favorable climatic conditions withwarm climate, which also helps to make gardens with artificial stone structures and reservoirs. The gardens have paths made ofsmall pebbles and stone slabs forming the national ornaments and small architectural forms. Arch bridges are constructed throughthe river channels and some building facades have vertical gardening. Temples, pagodas and other structures distinguish their traditionalChinese architectural style with curved roof coatings.The ancient Chinese cities of Suzhou and Zhouzhuang have highly artistic microlandscape. This is unique feature of Chinese citiesknown as landscape art has brought them the international fame.