Exploring the Factors Associated with 12-Month Non-Return to Work among Motorcyclists Involved in Road Accidents

Introduction: Motorcyclists bear a disproportionate burden of morbidity and mortality from road accidents. In addition, the consequences of these accidents affect the ability of victims to return to work. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with non-return to work among surviving motorcyclists involved in road accidents 12 months after the event. Materials and Methods: It was a cross-sectional study conducted using data from a cohort of motorcyclists involved in accidents and recruited in five hospitals in Benin from July 2019 to January 2020. The dependent variable was non-return to work 12 months after the accident (yes vs no). The independent variables were categorized into two groups: baseline and 12-month follow-up variables. Logistic regression was used to determine the factors associated with non-return to work at 12 months among the participants. Results: Among the 362 participants, 55 (15.19%, 95% CI = 11.84 - 19.29) had not returned to work 12 months after the accident. Risk factors for non-return to work identified were: smoking (aOR = 4.41, 95% CI = 1.44 - 13.56, p = 0.010), hospitalization (aOR = 2.87, 95% CI = 1.14 - 7.24, p Conclusion: The prevalence of non-return to work at 12 months was high among surviving motorcyclists involved in road accidents in Benin. Integrated support for patients based on identified risk factors should effectively improve their return to work.

A Review on Technologies for the Use of CO2 as a Working Fluid in Refrigeration and Power Cycles

The use of carbon dioxide as a working fluid has been the subject of extensive studies in recent years, particularly in the field of refrigeration where it is at the heart of research to replace CFC and HCFC. Its thermodynamic properties make it a fluid of choice in the efficient use of energy at low and medium temperatures in engine cycles. However, the performance of transcritical CO2 cycles weakens under high temperature and pressure conditions, especially in refrigeration systems;On the other hand, this disadvantage becomes rather interesting in engine cycles where CO2 can be used as an alternative to the organic working fluid in small and medium-sized electrical systems for low quality or waste heat sources. In order to improve the performance of systems operating with CO2 in the field of refrigeration and electricity production, research has made it possible to develop several concepts, of which this article deals with a review of the state of the art, followed by analyzes in-depth and critical of the various developments to the most recent modifications in these fields. Detailed discussions on the performance and technical characteristics of the different evolutions are also highlighted as well as the factors affecting the overall performance of the systems studied. Finally, perspectives on the future development of the use of CO2 in these different cycles are presented.

The action mechanism of the work done by the electric field force on moving charges to stimulate the emergence of carrier generation/recombination in a PN junction

It is discovered that the product of the current and the electric field in a PN junction should be regarded as the rate of work(power)done by the electric field force on moving charges(hole current and electron current),which was previously misinterpreted as solely a Joule heating effect.We clarify that it is exactly the work done by the electric field force on the moving charges to stimulate the emergence of non-equilibrium carriers,which triggers the novel physical phenomena.As regards to Joule heat,we point out that it should be calculated from Ohm’s law,rather than simply from the product of the current and the electric field.Based on this understanding,we conduct thorough discussion on the role of the electric field force in the process of carrier recombination and carrier generation.The thermal effects of carrier recombination and carrier generation followed are incorporated into the thermal equation of energy.The present study shows that the exothermic effect of carrier recombination leads to a temperature rise at the PN interface,while the endothermic effect of carrier generation causes a temperature reduction at the interface.These two opposite effects cause opposite heat flow directions in the PN junction under forward and backward bias voltages,highlighting the significance of managing device heating phenomena in design considerations.Therefore,this study possesses referential significance for the design and tuning on the performance of piezotronic devices.

The Impact of the Digital Economy on Rural Residents’Working Hours:Mechanisms and Empirical Evidence

The rapid development of the digital economy has provided a new impetus for rural residents to extend their working hours.Based on the data collected by the China Labor-force Dynamics Survey(CLDS)in 2014,2016,and 2018,this paper measured the development level of the digital economy in China from the perspectives of internet development and digital financial inclusion,and tested the mechanisms of how the digital economy affected rural residents’working hours.The results showed that the digital economy extended rural residents’working hours by expanding information channels and enhancing human capital,and this mechanism was affected by heterogeneity in rural residents’educational background,age,and social capital.Building on these findings,this paper holds that to increase rural residents’income by extending their working hours and achieving common prosperity for all,it is necessary to expand the opportunities for rural residents to participate in skills training and promote their accumulation of human capital.

Profile of Factors of Arduous Work among Healthcare Professionals in Healthcare Facilities in Northern Benin in 2021

Introduction: Work environments create the basis for arduous nursing work. This is what led us to research the factors of arduousness in the exercise of the health profession in North Benin, through this study. Methods: This is a cross-sectional and descriptive study which focused on health professionals in the health zones of Parakou-N’dali and Tchaourou. The sampling was an exhaustive census. All health workers who had given their free and informed consent were included. The data was collected using a questionnaire. The variables studied were the factors of arduous work and socio-professional characteristics. The data collected was processed and analyzed with the Epi info 7.2.0.1 software. Results: A total of 692 were surveyed, the participation rate was 85.11% and the sex ratio (M/F) equal to 0.7. The average age was 38 years old. Nurses made up 32.66% of the sample. They were 86.42% subject to night work and 82.66% to alternating work. Overall, 70.23% worked more than 40 hours per week. Between 78.12% and 96.46% of non-specialist doctors, nurses, midwives and biomedical analysis technicians were required to work night shifts. Nurses, midwives, radiology and laboratory technicians were between 89.53% and 97.35%, organized in alternating work. In the sample, 55.20% complained about the insufficient number of work materials, 26.29% handled harmful chemical substances. Among those surveyed, 58.14% had been attacked. Conclusion: All professional categories of caregivers are subject to arduous work. Measures are needed to reverse the situation.

Research on the Ideological and Political Work of Nursing Students in the New Era under the Strategy of Healthy China

Nursing students have uniqueness within the general university student population as they are among the primary practitioners of the “Healthy China Strategy 2030” and guardians of people’s health. Innovating and strengthening ideological and political education for nursing students, enhancing their skills in serving the people, is a significant political task for medical universities. Against the backdrop of the “Healthy China Strategy,” how to effectively improve nursing students’ professional competencies, integrate life education, medical humanities education, and general ideological and political education, and utilize life education to construct a more suitable ideological and political education system for nursing students, in order to better establish correct worldviews, values, and professional outlooks, are urgent practical issues that need to be addressed in ideological and political education in medical universities. This article takes life education as an entry point and focuses on integrating it with the internalization and unification of ideological and political education courses, aiming to explore the possibilities and new pathways for integrating life education into the ideological and political education of nursing students in the new era.

Examining the Interplay between Trait Mindfulness and Thriving at Work among Teachers in Western China:The Mediating Role of General Self-Efficacy

This study explores the nuanced relationship between trait mindfulness and thriving at work among educators in Western China,emphasizing the mediating role of general self-efficacy.Employing a sample of 378 primary and secondary school teachers,this research utilizes the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire(FFMQ),Thriving at Work Scale(TWS),and the General Self-Efficacy Scale(GSES)to conduct a thorough investigation.The findings indicate a significant positive correlation between trait mindfulness and thriving at work,between trait mindfulness and general self-efficacy,and between general self-efficacy and thriving at work.Additionally,trait mindfulness was found to have a positive predictive effect on both thriving at work and general self-efficacy,with general self-efficacy also showing a positive predictive effect on thriving at work.Importantly,general self-efficacy was identified as playing a partial mediating role in the relationship between trait mindfulness and thriving at work.These results underscore the importance of cultivating mindfulness and self-efficacy among teachers to enhance their enthusiasm for work,suggesting potential pathways for professional development and well-being in the educational sector.

A Study on the Work Process-Based Practical Training Model for Basic Nursing Skills in Vocational Colleges

Objective:To explore and analyze the work process-based practical training teaching model for basic nursing skills in vocational colleges and its implementation effects.Methods:A total of 82 nursing students from our school were selected for the study,which was conducted from April 2023 to April 2024.Using a random number table method,the students were divided into an observation group and a control group,each with 41 students.The control group received conventional practical training teaching,while the observation group followed the work process-based practical training model for basic nursing skills.The assessment scores and teaching satisfaction of the two groups were compared.Results:The comparison of assessment scores showed that the observation group performed significantly better than the control group(P<0.05).The comparison of teaching satisfaction also indicated that the observation group had significantly higher satisfaction than the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The work process-based practical training teaching model for basic nursing skills in vocational colleges can improve students’assessment scores and enhance teaching satisfaction,demonstrating its value for wider application.

间断theta脉冲磁刺激对空间工作记忆相关神经振荡及其同步性的影响

目的间断theta脉冲磁刺激(iTBS)已被证实可以通过夹带大脑不同频段神经振荡调控工作记忆功能,但其对神经振荡及其同步性的调节尚不清晰。本研究旨在探讨iTBS对大鼠局部脑区及跨脑区神经振荡及其同步性的影响,探究iTBS调控工作记忆的作用机制。方法24只大鼠根据年龄及是否接受iTBS分为4组,应用时频分布、相位同步性以及相位-幅值耦合分析方法,对比分析各组大鼠在进行空间工作记忆(SWM)行为学任务的过程中前额叶和海马脑区theta及gamma频段局部场电位信号神经振荡的变化规律。结果随着年龄增长,老年大鼠学会SWM任务规则所用时间明显增加(P=0.0056);iTBS可以缩短成年大鼠(P=0.0011)和老年大鼠(P=0.0090)学会SWM任务规则所用时间。相比成年大鼠,老年大鼠前额叶和海马脑区theta和gamma频段神经振荡的时频能量(theta:P<0.0001;gamma:P<0.0001)、跨脑区相位-幅值耦合作用(PFC-HPC:P=0.0002;HPC-PFC:P=0.0277)均出现一定程度的下降;iTBS可以提高成年大鼠(theta:P<0.0001;gamma:P<0.0001)和老年大鼠(theta:P=0.0144;gamma:P=0.0006)神经振荡的时频能量以及老年大鼠跨脑区相位-幅值耦合作用(PFC-HPC:P=0.0180;HPC-PFC:P=0.0221)。此外,两脑区各频段信号的时频能量及相位-幅值耦合与大鼠行为学正确率均具有正相关关系。结论iTBS可以增强老年大鼠的SWM能力以及认知功能,这与老年大鼠SWM任务期间跨脑区theta频段和gamma频段神经振荡的时频能量以及跨脑区相位幅值耦合增强有关。对于成年大鼠,iTBS通过提升成年大鼠SWM任务期间两脑区theta频段和gamma频段神经振荡的时频能量增强其SWM能力与认知功能。

A Blockchain-Based Life-Cycle Environmental Management Framework for Hospitals in the COVID-19 Context

During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) emergency, many hospitals were built or renovated around the world to meet the challenges posed by the rising number of infected cases. Environmental management in the hospital life cycle is vital in preventing nosocomial infection and includes many infection control procedures. In certain urgent situations, a hospital must be completed quickly, and work process approval and supervision must therefore be accelerated. Thus, many works cannot be checked in detail. This results in a lack of work liability control and increases the difficulty of ensuring the fulfillment of key infection prevention measures. This study investigates how blockchain technology can transform the work quality inspection workflow to assist in nosocomial infection control under a fast delivery requirement. A blockchain-based life-cycle environmental management framework is proposed to track the fulfillment of crucial infection control measures in the design, construction, and operation stages of hospitals. The proposed framework allows for work quality checking after the work is completed, when some work cannot be checked on time. Illustrative use cases are selected to demonstrate the capabilities of the developed solution. This study provides new insights into applying blockchain technology to address the challenge of environmental management brought by rapid delivery requirements.

The Effect of Stress, Fatigue, and Sleep Quality on Shift-Work Nurses in Japan

Purpose: To investigate the relationship between stress, fatigue and sleep quality among shift work nurses in Japan. Design: A descriptive correlation design using self-administered surveys. Methods: Questionnaires on stress, fatigue and sleep quality (the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index;PSQI-J) among shift work nurses were distributed to 653 nurses in Japan from January 2015 to February 2015. Results: Participants who reported higher levels of fatigue reported higher levels of stress (r = 0.774, p = 0.000), lower levels of sleep satisfaction (r = −0.411, p = 0.000) and overall lower levels of health (r = −0.323, p = 0.000).PSQI scores were also significantly correlated with reported levels of stress (r = 0.294, p = 0.000), fatigue (r = 0.291, p = 0.000) and levels of health (r = −0.370, p = 0.000). Nurses who have stress-relieving recourses were younger (t = −2.842, p = 0.005), reported higher levels of overall health (t = 2.727, p = 0.007), had higher levels of sleep quality measured by the PSQI (t = −2.560, p = 0.011), and required less time to fall asleep (t = −3.207, p = 0.001). Conclusions: This study showed an association between stress and sleep satisfaction among shift work nurses in Japan. In addition, nurses that engage in activities to manage stress might achieve higher levels of health and high sleep quality.

Profile of Declared Work Accidents at the Parakou Agency of the National Social Security Fund, 2015-2021, Benin

Introduction: Work accidents (WA) have consequences for both the individual and the company. The objective of this study is to study the profile of work accidents declared to the Parakou agency of the National Social Security Fund (CNSS) from 2015 to 2021. Method: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection. It concerned workers affiliated with the CNSS in Parakou, victims of declared WA whose file was available and exploitable. The sampling was exhaustive. Data was collected from registers and worker records. The variables studied were socio-demographic and related to the accident. They were analyzed using R version 4.1 software. Results: The annual incidence rate of WA varied from 5.8% in 2015 to 1.7% in 2021. The victims were 90.6% male. There were more subjects aged 28 to 37 years (37.1%). Workers and laborers were the most concerned. Fractures (22.9%) were the major lesions. At 38.5% they sat in the thoracic limbs and at 22.5% in the pelvic limbs. The majority (63.6%) of these accidents occurred in the workplace. The processing industry sector was mainly (52.1%) the place of accidents. Conclusion: The prevalence of WA declared to the agency of the National Social Security Fund of Parakou from 2015 to 2021 is decreasing. The most affected were young people. It is important to assess their socio-economic impacts.

Flow characteristics and hot workability of a typical low-alloy high-strength steel during multi-pass deformation

Heavy components of low-alloy high-strength(LAHS) steels are generally formed by multi-pass forging. It is necessary to explore the flow characteristics and hot workability of LAHS steels during the multi-pass forging process, which is beneficial to the formulation of actual processing parameters. In the study, the multi-pass hot compression experiments of a typical LAHS steel are carried out at a wide range of deformation temperatures and strain rates. It is found that the work hardening rate of the experimental material depends on deformation parameters and deformation passes, which is ascribed to the impacts of static and dynamic softening behaviors. A new model is established to describe the flow characteristics at various deformation passes. Compared to the classical Arrhenius model and modified Zerilli and Armstrong model, the newly proposed model shows higher prediction accuracy with a confidence level of 0.98565. Furthermore, the connection between power dissipation efficiency(PDE) and deformation parameters is revealed by analyzing the microstructures. The PDE cannot be utilized to reflect the efficiency of energy dissipation for microstructure evolution during the entire deformation process, but only to assess the efficiency of energy dissipation for microstructure evolution in a specific deformation parameter state.As a result, an integrated processing map is proposed to better study the hot workability of the LAHS steel, which considers the effects of instability factor(IF), PDE, and distribution and size of grains. The optimized processing parameters for the multi-pass deformation process are the deformation parameters of 1223–1318 K and 0.01–0.08 s^(-1). Complete dynamic recrystallization occurs within the optimized processing parameters with an average grain size of 18.36–42.3 μm. This study will guide the optimization of the forging process of heavy components.

Determinants of Breastfeeding Practices among Working Mothers in Solwezi District of Zambia

Background: As one of the strategies to reduce infant morbidity and mortality, the World Health Organization recommends early initiation of exclusive breastfeeding and timely introduction of complementary feeding with continued breastfeeding for up to two years or beyond. Although breastfeeding is a natural process, it is influenced by different socio-cultural factors, habits, standards, and behaviours. Rapid industrialization and changes in lifestyle have seen increasing numbers of women in the labour force, and associated poor Exclusive Breastfeeding practices among working mothers. The aim of this study was to identify the determinants of breastfeeding practices among working mothers in Solwezi District of Zambia. Methods: This was a cross-sectional comparative survey comparing determinants of breastfeeding practices among working mothers aged 15 - 49 years in urban and rural areas of Solwezi District. The study was carried out in the Under-five Clinics at Solwezi, Kimasala and Mushitala Urban Clinics, as well as St. Francis, Kapijimpanga and Kisalala Rural Health Centers. Eighty-seven participants were successfully recruited using convenience sampling. A researcher-assisted questionnaire was used to collect data. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 27.0. Descriptive statistical analysis was done using numerical measures such as measures of central tendency and dispersion. The Pearson Chi Square test, correlation and linear regression analysis were performed to test association between the variables at the 0.05 level of significance. Are you assessing exclusive breastfeeding alone or what? Results: The mean age of respondents was 27.44 years (SD = 6.042 years) and the majority of the respondents were married (71.3%, n = 62). Forty-three percent of the respondents were self-employed while the rest were in formal government or private sector employment. Overall, 97.7% of the respondents had heard of exclusive breastfeeding, with health facilities being the most frequent source of information (64.4%). Attitude towards exclusive breastfeeding was generally positive. Fifty-eight percent of respondents exclusively breastfed while the rest were on mixed feeding. Seventy-one percent of respondents reported that their workplaces did not have breastfeeding facilities at work. Only 11.5% of the respondents reported having cultural beliefs restricting breastfeeding. Statistically significant associations were obtained from cross-tabulation analysis between respondent’s occupation and baby feeding type (p 0.001);workload and feeding type (0.024);as well as knowledge of EBF and feeding type (p 0.001). Conclusion: Majority of the respondents demonstrated good knowledge and positive attitude towards exclusive breastfeeding. This study recommends sensitization campaigns in communities to raise awareness about the importance of breastfeeding, and foster behaviour change that promotes breastfeeding.

Research on the dynamic response of connecting rod bearing bush wear of reciprocating machine under variable working conditions

As a type of reciprocating machine, the reciprocating compressor has a compact structure and many excitation sources.Once the small end bearing of the connecting rod is worn, it is easy to cause the sintering of the bearing and the abnormal vibration of the body.Based on the characteristics of poor lubrication state and complex force of connecting rod small head bearing, a mixed lubrication model considering oil groove feed was established, and the dynamic simulation of the reciprocating compressor model with lubricated bearings was carried out;considering different speeds and gas load conditions, the law of the impact of the eigenvalues changing with working conditions was explored.The fault simulation experiment was carried out by selecting representative working conditions, which verified the correctness of the simulation method.The study found that two contact collisions between the pin and the bearing bush occurred in one cycle, the collision impact was more severe under the wear fault, and the existence of the gap made the dynamic response more sensitive to the change of working conditions.This research provides ideas for the location and feature extraction of fault symptom signal angular segments in the process of complex measured signal processing.

The Central Economic Work Conference Sets the Tone for Annual Economic Work

The annual Central Economic Work Conference,which analyzes China’s economic situation and prepares plans for the development of the national economy in the coming year,is also the top-level economic conference each year.This year’s conference conveyed a lot of information,from which we have selected several sets of key phrases.Key phrases 1:pursue progress while ensuring stability,consolidate stability through progress,and establish the new before abolishing the old The Central Economic Work Conference pointed out that,generally speaking,favorable conditions outweigh unfavorable factors in China’s development,the fundamental trend towards economic recovery and a long-term positive outlook has not changed,and it is important to increase confidence.The conference stressed that it is important to stick to high-quality development.Regarding work in the coming year,the conference called for efforts to pursue progress while ensuring stability,to consolidate stability through progress,and to establish the new before abolishing the old.

The laparoscopic rating scale for the evaluation of working conditions for surgical treatment of super-obesity

In this technical note,a novel rating scale(abdominal integral index)was introduced for assessing the conditions of the working laparoscopic space based on linear measurements to select the optimal one or two-stage surgical treatment for super-obesity.Patients with the same height and similar BMI values had different rating scale scores,reflecting different conditions of laparoscopic bariatric surgery.The rating scale helps surgeons and patients make a safe option for surgery,depending on the experience of the surgeon and technical laparoscopic conditions.

Traffic Flow Characteristics in Work Zone and Non-Work Zone Environment and Its Impact on Road Crashes at the Segment Level

This study investigates relationships between congestion and travel time performance metrics and crashes on road segments. The study focuses on work zone routes in Iowa, utilizing 2021 commercially-available probe vehicle data and crash data. Travel time performance metrics were derived from the probe vehicle data, and crash counts were obtained from the crash data. Additional variables included road characteristics (traffic volume, road type, segment length) and a categorical variable for the presence of a work zone. A mixed effect linear regression model was employed to identify relationships between road segment crash counts and the selected performance metrics. This was accomplished for two sets of models that include congestion performance measures at different defining threshold values, along with travel time performance measures. The study results indicate that the congestion indicators, certain travel time performance measures, and traffic counts were statistically significant and positively correlated with crash counts. Indicator variables for rural interstate locations and non-active work zones have a stronger influence on crash count than those for municipal interstate locations and active work zones. These findings can inform decision-makers on work zone safety strategies and crash mitigation planning, especially in high traffic volume areas prone to congestion and queues.

A Study on Organizational Commitment,Work Motivation,and Job Performance After the COVID-19 Epidemic in Taiwan-The Mediating Effects of Work Motivation and Organizational Communication

The purpose of this study is to explore the correlation between organizational commitment and job performance among employees in Taiwan Residents companies after the COVID-19 epidemic,and to use work motivation and organizational communication as intermediary variables to further understand the interaction between them.Using hierarchical multiple regression analysis and bootstrap method to analyze,the research results show that organizational commitment has a significant positive impact on work motivation and work performance,and work motivation also has a significant positive impact on work performance.In addition,organizational communication has a mediating effect on organizational commitment and work motivation,and work motivation also has a mediating effect on organizational commitment and work machine performance.The results of this study hope to understand the working conditions of organizations and employees after the COVID-19 epidemic,and provide relevant business operators with follow-up references for their operations.

Work Report of the Silk Road NGO Cooperation Network Delivered by Guo Yezhou, Vice-Minister of IDCPC

Distinguished guests,Ladies and Gentlemen,friends!According to the agenda and entrusted by the Secretariat of China NGO Network for International Exchanges(CNIE),I now deliver a brief work report of the Silk Road NGO Cooperation Network,also known as SIRONET.