人肺癌细胞药物敏感性的琼脂培养MTT测定

采用修改Ｈａｍｂｕｒｇｅｒ－Ｓａｌｍｏｎ体外双层琼脂法与琼脂培养ＭＴＴ法同时对人肺癌细胞进行药物敏感性测定。结果表明：琼脂培养ＭＴＴ法成功率为１００％（４２／４２）；双层琼脂法成功率为５０％（２１／４２）。两法同时可供药敏分析的１２６药物浓度次中，琼脂培养ＭＴＴ法测定肺癌细胞的药物敏感率为３２．５％（４１／１２６），双层琼脂法的药物敏感率为３９．７％（５０／１２６），两者间无明显差异（ｐ＞０．０５）；两法测定结果的总符合率为９２．８％（１１７／１２６）。提示琼脂培养的ＭＴＴ法测定可以取代双层琼脂法测定人实体瘤对不同药物的反应以供临床参考。

琼脂培养MTT法测定卵巢癌对顺铂的体外敏感性与临床疗效观察

目的：观察琼脂培养ＭＴＴ法测定卵巢癌对顺氯氨铂（ＤＤＰ）体外敏感性与临床疗效的关系。方法：用琼脂培养ＭＴＴ法对２６例卵巢癌患者的癌组织标本行药敏测定，同时观察ＤＤＰ对卵巢癌治疗的临床疗效。结果：卵巢癌接种活细胞数与光密度（ＯＤ值）在一定范围内呈线性相关（ｒ＝０．９７２８，Ｐ＜０．０１）。临床缓解组ＤＤＰ对卵巢癌细胞的相对抑制率（７３±５）明显较临床无效组（３６±９）高（Ｐ＜０．０１）。卵巢癌对顺铂体外敏感性与临床疗效相关，体内外阳性符合率是８８％（１６／１８），阴性符合率为１００％（８／８），总符合率是９２％（２／２６）。

Evaluation of berries of Phytolacca dodecandra for growth inhibition of Histoplasma capsulatum var.farciminosum and treatment of cases of epizootic lymphangitis in Ethiopia

Objective:To evaluate the berries of Phytolacca dodecundra(P.dodecandra) for its effect on Histoplasma cupsulatum var.farciminosum(HCF) and for the treatment of cases of epizootic lymphangitis(ELi.Methods:Samples were collected from un-ruptured nodules of cases of EL at Debre Zeit and Akaki(central Ethiopia).Mycologieal culture and isolation of HCF were performed at the Akliln Lemma Institute of Pathobiology.Phytochemical screening was done for n-butanol extract of P.dodecandra to delect alkaloids,saponins,phenolic compounds and flavonoids.The minimum inhibitory concentrations(MICs) and minimum fungicidal concentrations(MFCs) ol aqueous and n-butanol extracts of P.dodecandra against FICF were determined by agar dilution assay.For the in vivo trial.5%simple ointment was prepared from n-butanol extract and applied topically to 24(twelve early and twelve moderate) cases of F.L.Results:Phytochemical screening showed that n-butanol extract ol P.dodecandra was positive lor alkaloids.saponins and phenolic compounds but negative for flavonoids.The MFCs of n-butanol and aqueous extracts of P.dodecandra were(0.039%-0.078%) and(0.625%-1.250%),respectively.The MFCs of n-butanol and aqueous extracts of P.dodecandra were(0.078%t-0.156%)and(1.250%-2.500%),respectively.The MIC and MFC of ketoconazole(positive control) was(1.200×10^(-5)%-2.500×10^(-5)%) and(5.000× 10^(-5)%-1.000×10^(-4)%),respectively while growth was observed on free medium(negative control).From the total of 24 treated cases of EL,14(58.3%) responded lo treatment;however,10(41.7%) did not respond to treatment.There was no significant difference in the degree of response to treatment between early and moderate cases(χ~2=0.086:P=0.408.Conclusions:It can be concluded that n-butanol extract of P.dodecandra demonstrates antifungal effects while the aqueous extract shows no antifungal activity.

Inhibition of Aspergillus parasiticus and Cancer Cells by Marine Actinomycete Strains

Ten actinomycete strains isolated from the Yellow Sea off China＇s coasts were identified as belonging to two genera by 16S rDNA phylogenetic analysis： Streptomyces and Nocardiopsis. Six Streptomyces strains （MA10, 2SHXF01-3, MA35, MA05-2, MA05-2-1 and MA08-1） and one Nocardiopsis strain （MA03） were predicted to have the potential to produce aromatic polyketides based on the analysis of the KSa （ketoacyl-synthase） gene in the type II PKS （polyketides synthase） gene cluster. Four strains （MA03, MA01, MA10 and MA05-2） exhibited significant inhibitory effects on mycelia growth （inhibition rate 〉50%） and subsequent aria- toxin production （inhibition rate 〉75%） of the mutant aflatoxigenic Aspergillus parasiticus NFRI-95. The ethyl acetate extracts of the broth of these four strains displayed significant inhibitory effects on mycelia growth, and the IC50 values were calculated （MA03： 0.275 mg mL-1, MA01：0.106 mg mL-1, MA10：1.345 mg mL-1 and MA05-2：1.362 mg mL-1）. Five strains （2SHXF01-3, MA03, MA05-2, MA01 and MA08-1） were selected based on their high cytotoxic activities. The ethyl acetate extract of the Nocardiopsis strain MA03 was particularly noted for its high antitumor activity against human carcinomas of the cervix （HeLa）, lung （A549）, kidney （Caki-1） and liver （HepG2） （IC50： 2.890, 1.981, 3.032 and 2.603 μgmL-1, respectively）. The extract also remarkably inhibited colony formation of HeLa cells at an extremely low concentration （0.5μgmL 1）. This study highlights that marine-derived actinomycetes are a huge resource of compounds for the biological control of aflatoxin contamination and the development of novel drugs for human carcinomas.

极大螺旋藻胞内多糖对人血癌细胞生长的影响

应用半固体琼脂培养法和ＭＴＴ法研究了极大螺旋藻胞内多糖对人血癌细胞Ｕ９３７和ＨＬ－６０的影响。实验结果显示，对体外生长的Ｕ９３７细胞有促进生长的作用，而对体外生长的ＨＬ－６０细胞有抑制生长的作用。提示极大螺旋藻胞内多糖对人的血癌细胞的生长有明显的影响。