Objective:Aqueous extracts of Zapoteca portoricensis are used traditionally as antidiarrhea agent and in the treatment of diverse gastrointestinal disorders here in Nigeria specifically,the southern part.Similarly,the...Objective:Aqueous extracts of Zapoteca portoricensis are used traditionally as antidiarrhea agent and in the treatment of diverse gastrointestinal disorders here in Nigeria specifically,the southern part.Similarly,the aqueous extract of the plant is also used traditionally as anticonvulsant,antispasmodic and in the treatment of tonsillitis.Recently too,the anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities of the methanol extracts of the root of Zapoteca portoricensis was reported.In this research,we are set to investigate the trypanocidal activity of Zapoteca portoricensis.Methods:The methanol extract of the root of Zapoteca portoricensis was investigated for both in vitro and in vivo trypanocidal activity following established models.In summary,phytochemical analysis was carried out on both the crude powdered root and on the methanol extract following standard procedures. The oral acute toxicity test(LD<sub>50</sub> ) of the crude methanol extract was determined according to the method described by Lorke(1983).Albino mice(17g-21g) of either sex were used.The methanol extract was suspended in 3%v/v tween 85 and administered orally at doses of 10 mg/kg,100 mg/kg and 1 000 mg/kg to three groups of mice(n = 3 ).The animals were observed for 24 hours.Based on the result obtained in this initial test,doses of 4 mg/kg,6 mg/kg,and 8 mg/kg were administered to three different mice.The LD<sub>50</sub> was calculated as the geometric mean of the lowest dose killing a mouse and the highest dose showing no death.The invivo /in-vitro antitrypanosomal evaluations were carried out in experimental animals and tissue cell culture respectively. Results:The result of the in vitro studies shows the inhibitive concentration-50(IC-50) against Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense(T.b.rhodesiense) to be 0.372 mg/kg,while the control drug melarsoprol was 0.006 mg/kg.On Trypanosoma brucei brucei(T.cruzi),the IC-50 is 6.42 mg/kg against 0.87 of the reference drug Benznidazole.The cytotoxicity on L-6 cells exhibited an IC-50 of 0.039 6 mg/kg against the reference drug,podophyllotoxin of 0.01 mg/kg.However,the in vivo study shows that the extract,at the administered doses,could not exhibit appreciable reduction of parasitemia and hence resulted to the death of test animals. Conclusion:The present data suggests that Zapoteca portoricensis could yield useful leads for the development of potentially potent antitrypanocides.展开更多
目的扩增弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤(diffuse large B cell lymphoma,DLBCL)相关抗原特异T细胞克隆的全长TCRα和β链基因序列,并对其三维空间结构进行预测。方法从已鉴定的2例伴有克隆性增殖TCR Vα6和Vβ13亚家族T细胞的DLBCL患者外周血中克...目的扩增弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤(diffuse large B cell lymphoma,DLBCL)相关抗原特异T细胞克隆的全长TCRα和β链基因序列,并对其三维空间结构进行预测。方法从已鉴定的2例伴有克隆性增殖TCR Vα6和Vβ13亚家族T细胞的DLBCL患者外周血中克隆全长TCRα和β基因序列,利用Primer Premier 5.0分析软件推算其相应的氨基酸序列,并通过自动化蛋白质模建服务器SWISS-MODEL进行三维空间结构预测。然后利用蛋白质三维图像分析软件Rasmol对所获得的TCR三维空间结构进行显示和分析。结果获得DLBCL相关抗原特异TCRα6和β13全长基因序列及其氨基酸序列。2例患者的TCR Vα6的空间结构与PDB ID:3ffcD模型相似,序列同源性分别为92.16%和91.71%;而2个TCR Vβ13也均具有同一个空间结构模型PDB ID:2ialD,序列同源性分别为92.95%和92.18%。结论来自不同DLBCL患者外周血中克隆性增殖的TCR Vα6或Vβ13亚家族T细胞的TCR具有高度同源性的空间结构,提示其可能识别相同的肿瘤抗原表位。展开更多
文摘Objective:Aqueous extracts of Zapoteca portoricensis are used traditionally as antidiarrhea agent and in the treatment of diverse gastrointestinal disorders here in Nigeria specifically,the southern part.Similarly,the aqueous extract of the plant is also used traditionally as anticonvulsant,antispasmodic and in the treatment of tonsillitis.Recently too,the anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities of the methanol extracts of the root of Zapoteca portoricensis was reported.In this research,we are set to investigate the trypanocidal activity of Zapoteca portoricensis.Methods:The methanol extract of the root of Zapoteca portoricensis was investigated for both in vitro and in vivo trypanocidal activity following established models.In summary,phytochemical analysis was carried out on both the crude powdered root and on the methanol extract following standard procedures. The oral acute toxicity test(LD<sub>50</sub> ) of the crude methanol extract was determined according to the method described by Lorke(1983).Albino mice(17g-21g) of either sex were used.The methanol extract was suspended in 3%v/v tween 85 and administered orally at doses of 10 mg/kg,100 mg/kg and 1 000 mg/kg to three groups of mice(n = 3 ).The animals were observed for 24 hours.Based on the result obtained in this initial test,doses of 4 mg/kg,6 mg/kg,and 8 mg/kg were administered to three different mice.The LD<sub>50</sub> was calculated as the geometric mean of the lowest dose killing a mouse and the highest dose showing no death.The invivo /in-vitro antitrypanosomal evaluations were carried out in experimental animals and tissue cell culture respectively. Results:The result of the in vitro studies shows the inhibitive concentration-50(IC-50) against Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense(T.b.rhodesiense) to be 0.372 mg/kg,while the control drug melarsoprol was 0.006 mg/kg.On Trypanosoma brucei brucei(T.cruzi),the IC-50 is 6.42 mg/kg against 0.87 of the reference drug Benznidazole.The cytotoxicity on L-6 cells exhibited an IC-50 of 0.039 6 mg/kg against the reference drug,podophyllotoxin of 0.01 mg/kg.However,the in vivo study shows that the extract,at the administered doses,could not exhibit appreciable reduction of parasitemia and hence resulted to the death of test animals. Conclusion:The present data suggests that Zapoteca portoricensis could yield useful leads for the development of potentially potent antitrypanocides.
文摘目的扩增弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤(diffuse large B cell lymphoma,DLBCL)相关抗原特异T细胞克隆的全长TCRα和β链基因序列,并对其三维空间结构进行预测。方法从已鉴定的2例伴有克隆性增殖TCR Vα6和Vβ13亚家族T细胞的DLBCL患者外周血中克隆全长TCRα和β基因序列,利用Primer Premier 5.0分析软件推算其相应的氨基酸序列,并通过自动化蛋白质模建服务器SWISS-MODEL进行三维空间结构预测。然后利用蛋白质三维图像分析软件Rasmol对所获得的TCR三维空间结构进行显示和分析。结果获得DLBCL相关抗原特异TCRα6和β13全长基因序列及其氨基酸序列。2例患者的TCR Vα6的空间结构与PDB ID:3ffcD模型相似,序列同源性分别为92.16%和91.71%;而2个TCR Vβ13也均具有同一个空间结构模型PDB ID:2ialD,序列同源性分别为92.95%和92.18%。结论来自不同DLBCL患者外周血中克隆性增殖的TCR Vα6或Vβ13亚家族T细胞的TCR具有高度同源性的空间结构,提示其可能识别相同的肿瘤抗原表位。