目的:基于药动学(pharmacokinetics,PK)/药效学(pharmacodynamics,PD)模型和蒙特卡洛模拟(Mote Carlo simulation,MCS),分析大肠埃希菌所致脓毒症休克患者抗感染治疗方案的优化过程,为临床感染患者构建合理有效的治疗方案提供参考。方法...目的:基于药动学(pharmacokinetics,PK)/药效学(pharmacodynamics,PD)模型和蒙特卡洛模拟(Mote Carlo simulation,MCS),分析大肠埃希菌所致脓毒症休克患者抗感染治疗方案的优化过程,为临床感染患者构建合理有效的治疗方案提供参考。方法:一患者因不明原因发热入院,初步诊断为尿路感染和脓毒症休克。入院后第一时间完善了相关实验室检查,随后采用PK/PD模型和MCS依据微生物培养结果及其药敏试验确定最优的抗感染治疗方案。结果:入院第3天,微生物培养检出大肠埃希菌,随后的药敏试验提示其对美罗培南、亚胺培南敏感,而对头孢哌酮-舒巴坦钠中介;采用PK/PD模型和MCS对拟定的几个抗感染治疗方案进行分析,结果发现美罗培南(1 g,q8h)和亚胺培南(0.5 g,q6h)的达标概率(probability of target attainment,PTA)均为100.00%,而头孢哌酮-舒巴坦钠(3 g,q12h)的PTA为1.14%,头孢哌酮-舒巴坦钠(3 g,q8h)的PTA为7.65%;最终,临床选择了美罗培南(1 g,q8h)治疗,1周后患者的感染指征基本消失。结论:PK/PD模型和MCS两个工具可以较好地帮助临床药师预测抗感染治疗方案的可能效果,从而更好地协助医生制定和优化治疗方案,进而最大程度保证患者的治疗效果。展开更多
With the development of the PK-PD model,its application in veterinary antimicrobials has also received great attention.This paper expounded the theory of PK-PD model,and made a brief analysis of the dosing regimens of...With the development of the PK-PD model,its application in veterinary antimicrobials has also received great attention.This paper expounded the theory of PK-PD model,and made a brief analysis of the dosing regimens of various antibiotics according to the parameters of antimicrobial drugs,in order to optimize the clinical drug delivery plan and promote the rational use of clinical antibiotics.展开更多
No-carrier-added 6-[^18F] fluoro-L-DOPA(6-FDOPA) was synthesized via a multistep procedure from a commercial available precursor,6-nitroveratraldehyde,The total synthesis time was 75min,with a radiochemical yield of (...No-carrier-added 6-[^18F] fluoro-L-DOPA(6-FDOPA) was synthesized via a multistep procedure from a commercial available precursor,6-nitroveratraldehyde,The total synthesis time was 75min,with a radiochemical yield of (10±3)%,high radiochemical purity(>99%) and high enantiomeric purity(>95%).The biodistributions of 6-FDOPA in normal and unilateral PD model rats were measured.The results from normal rats showed the expected high concentration of radioactivity in striatum and low distrbutions in cerebrum,cortex and cerebellum.The ration of the radioactivity in striatum to cerebellum reached a peak value(5.9) at 60 min.In unilateral PD model rate.whose substania nigra of the right side had been damaged by pre-treated with 6-OHDA,the radioactive concentration in striatum of the damaged side was significantly lower than that of the undamaged side or that of both sides in striatum of control groups.展开更多
基金Supported by China UK Technology and Innovation Project ICUK
文摘With the development of the PK-PD model,its application in veterinary antimicrobials has also received great attention.This paper expounded the theory of PK-PD model,and made a brief analysis of the dosing regimens of various antibiotics according to the parameters of antimicrobial drugs,in order to optimize the clinical drug delivery plan and promote the rational use of clinical antibiotics.
基金Supported by the National Nature Sciences Foundation(10075073)
文摘No-carrier-added 6-[^18F] fluoro-L-DOPA(6-FDOPA) was synthesized via a multistep procedure from a commercial available precursor,6-nitroveratraldehyde,The total synthesis time was 75min,with a radiochemical yield of (10±3)%,high radiochemical purity(>99%) and high enantiomeric purity(>95%).The biodistributions of 6-FDOPA in normal and unilateral PD model rats were measured.The results from normal rats showed the expected high concentration of radioactivity in striatum and low distrbutions in cerebrum,cortex and cerebellum.The ration of the radioactivity in striatum to cerebellum reached a peak value(5.9) at 60 min.In unilateral PD model rate.whose substania nigra of the right side had been damaged by pre-treated with 6-OHDA,the radioactive concentration in striatum of the damaged side was significantly lower than that of the undamaged side or that of both sides in striatum of control groups.
