Risk factors for acute kidney injury following coronary artery bypass graft surgery in a Chinese population and development of a prediction model

BACKGROUND Acute kidney injury(AKI)after coronary artery bypass graft(CABG)surgery is associated with significant morbidity and mortality.This retrospective study aimed to establish a risk score for postoperative AKI in a Chinese population.METHODS A total of 1138 patients undergoing CABG were collected from September 2018 to May 2020 and divided into a derivation and validation cohort.AKI was defined according to the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes(KDIGO)criteria.Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to determine the independent predictors of AKI,and the predictive ability of the model was determined using a receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve.RESULTS The incidence of cardiac surgery–associated acute kidney injury(CSA-AKI)was 24.17%,and 0.53%of AKI patients required dialysis(AKI-D).Among the derivation cohort,multivariable logistic regression showed that age≥70 years,body mass index(BMI)≥25 kg/m2,estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)≤60 mL/min per 1.73 m2,ejection fraction(EF)≤45%,use of statins,red blood cell transfusion,use of adrenaline,intra-aortic balloon pump(IABP)implantation,postoperative low cardiac output syndrome(LCOS)and reoperation for bleeding were independent predictors.The predictive model was scored from 0 to32 points with three risk categories.The AKI frequencies were as follows:0-8 points(15.9%),9-17 points(36.5%)and≥18 points(90.4%).The area under of the ROC curve was 0.730(95%CI:0.691-0.768)in the derivation cohort.The predictive index had good discrimination in the validation cohort,with an area under the curve of 0.735(95%CI:0.655-0.815).The model was well calibrated according to the Hosmer-Lemeshow test(P=0.372).CONCLUSION The performance of the prediction model was valid and accurate in predicting KDIGO-AKI after CABG surgery in Chinese patients,and could improve the early prognosis and clinical interventions.

Research on the Influencing Factors of Personal Credit Based on a Risk Management Model in the Background of Big Data

Between states, between enterprises and enterprises, between people, it can be stated that credit is full of every corner of our lives. But the current lack of social credit is fundamental. Credit risk is particularly prominent. In the extensive data generation today, the information on personal credit statistics is very large, but still lack the data system processing and screening. Through the information retrieval of 200 credit information reports, this paper constructs the evaluation system of personal credit by using the basic information of the individual. The basic information of these individuals has great convenience in information collection and information statistics, and this basic information covers all aspects that are likely to result in the breach of contract. Through the use of single factor analysis and logistic model to solve the index system, you can not only find the impact of individual indicators on the degree of personal credit, but also see the overall impact of indicators on the degree of credit, that is, the weight of the indicators. Finally, four different credit ratings are divided by assigning the indicators to the scores. Credit rating can clearly measure the respective credit situation. Through the classification of these levels, measuring the credit line when a person in the individual credit operation, at the same time, it can provide reference and proval to administrative departments, which is benefit for managing credit risks. It has a substantial meaning and value in use. The solution to the rating system cannot only be applied to individuals, but also to the enterprises, with a wide range of versatility.

Neuroprotective effects of salidroside on focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury involve the nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2 pathway

Salidroside,the main active ingredient extracted from Rhodiola crenulata,has been shown to be neuroprotective in ischemic cerebral injury,but the underlying mechanism for this neuroprotection is poorly understood.In the current study,the neuroprotective effect of salidroside on cerebral ischemia-induced oxidative stress and the role of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2（Nrf2）pathway was investigated in a rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion.Salidroside（30 mg/kg）reduced infarct size,improved neurological function and histological changes,increased activity of superoxide dismutase and glutathione-S-transferase,and reduced malon-dialdehyde levels after cerebral ischemia and reperfusion.Furthermore,salidroside apparently increased Nrf2 and heme oxygenase-1 expression.These results suggest that salidroside exerts its neuroprotective effect against cerebral ischemia through anti-oxidant mechanisms and that activation of the Nrf2 pathway is involved.The Nrf2/antioxidant response element pathway may become a new therapeutic target for the treatment of ischemic stroke.

Personality Traits and Facebook Use: The Combined/Interactive Effect of Extraversion, Neuroticism and Conscientiousness

This study examined the influence of Big Five personality traits on Facebook usage and examined the interactions of traits in this context based on Torgersen’s (1995) typological approach. The effect of self-esteem, narcissism, loneliness, shyness and boredom proneness on Facebook usage was also investigated. The sample included both student (N = 190) and (N = 184) non-student samples. Narcissism was the strongest predictor of time spent on Facebook per day for both students and non-students. Narcissism was also the strongest predictor of number of daily logins for non-students, however, agreeableness was the strongest predictor of logins for students. Extraversion was the strongest predictor of number of Facebook friends for both students and non- students, however the interaction of Extraversion and Neuroticism was also a predictor of Facebook friends for students, and the interaction of Extraversion and Conscientiousness for non-students. Future research should consider the combined effect of personality traits on overall Facebook use.

The Relationship between Psychological Suzhi and Mental Health among Chinese College Students

Object: To explore the relationship between psychological suzhi and mental health among Chinese college students, and to gain psychological suzhi factors that are predictors for mental health. Method: By using stratified sampling method, an investigation was conducted among 734 subjects. They were assessed with the College Student Psychological Suzhi Scale (CSPS, including 3 subscales, 28 factors) and General Health Questionnaire-20 item (GHQ-20, including 3 subscales). Results: 1) Psychological suzhi score for Chinese college students had negative correlation with the score of GHQ-20, GHQ-depression and GHQ-anxiety (p < 0.001), and positive correlation with the score of GHQ-self-affirmation (p < 0.001);2) Psychological suzhi score for Chinese college students was predictor of the score for GHQ-20 and its subscales namely GHQ-self-affirmation, GHQ-depression, and GHQ-anxiety (β = ?0.448, 0.439, ?0.262, ?0.259, p < 0.001);the variance explained by the score of GHQ-20 and its subscales were 19.9%, 19.1%, 6.7%, 6.5%;3) There were 12 psychological suzhi factors that were predictors for GHQ-self-affirmation which was known as the positive indicator of mental health (p < 0.05);11 psychological suzhi factors were predictors for GHQ-depression and GHQ-anxiety which was known as the negative indicator of mental health (p < 0.05). Conclusion: There exists a correlation between psychological suzhi and mental health, particularly in positive mental health. Indeed, the psychological suzhi factors are able to enhance the pertinence of mental health education.

Effect of personality on fraud detection： The Malaysian case

Auditing standards require external auditors to provide reasonable assurance that the financial statements are free from material misstatements, either due to fraud or error. Inability of the external auditors to detect the material misstatements, particularly fraud, may expose them to litigation. The present study aims to examine the effect of personality factors （i.e., neuroticism, extraversion, conscientiousness, openness to experience and agreeableness） on the external auditors＇ ability to detect the likelihood of fraud. An experimental approach is adopted by sending case materials to audit partners and audit managers attached to auditing firms operating in Malaysia. The result shows that personality does not have a positive effect on the external auditors＇ ability to detect the likelihood of fraud.

数实融合对中国式现代化的影响与机制研究——基于有调节的中介效应检验

扎实推进中国式现代化是当前我国的重要任务。文章基于2012—2022年中国30个省级面板数据,从要素配置视角建立有调节的中介模型,实证探讨数实融合对中国式现代化的影响效应及作用机制。研究发现:数实融合对中国式现代化具有显著正向影响;要素配置在数实融合与中国式现代化之间发挥部分中介作用;政府治理效率可正向调节数实融合对中国式现代化的影响,且对要素配置的中介效应也具有正向调节作用;数实融合对中国式现代化的影响存在基于数实融合和政府治理效率的单门槛效应。基于此,应激活数实融合发展潜力、完善要素市场化配置服务、加速推动数字政府建设,以推进中国式现代化建设。

融合多维度相似算法的中药复方个性化煎煮推荐研究

目的:为实现中药汤剂智能煎煮设备煎煮参数快速推荐,提出一种融合方剂多维度相似算法,借鉴古代经典名方的个性化煎煮推荐。方法:选取30首经典名方,给出算法推荐的煎煮参数值,比较与典籍记载对应的煎煮参数值之间的差异。针对中药复方的组成成分、剂量以及功用维度特性,分别采用Jaccard相似系数、夹角余弦相似度和潜在狄利克雷分布(LDA)主题模型相似度算法,计算实验方剂与煎煮数据库中方剂间的相似度,将各维度最为相似方剂的煎煮参数加权融合,获取30首经典名方的个性化煎煮参数。结果:加水量、武火及文火时长参数值之间的相对误差分别为5.3%、3.4%、7.1%。结论:2组煎煮参数值较为接近,较好地借鉴和传承经典名方煎煮工艺。

国际中文线上教学满意度影响因素与模型构建

基于顾客满意度模型,本研究探索了国际中文线上教学满意度的影响因素,并尝试建构教学满意度模型。本研究采用探索性因子分析法提取出1个满意度因子和7个影响因子,分别为:教学满意度、质量感知、感知价值、技术支持、生生互动、学生期望、教师形象、教师经验;利用回归分析和结构方程模型,本研究探讨了7个影响因子对教学满意度的作用关系。结果发现:教学满意度受多个因素共同影响,影响最直接也是最大的因素是感知价值和技术支持;质量感知和生生互动通过感知价值间接影响教学满意度;学生期望通过质量感知间接影响教学满意度;教师形象和教师经验通过学生期望间接影响教学满意度。教学满意度模型为国际中文线上教学满意度测评提供了一定的参考。

基于ISM模型的中医药应对公共卫生事件防治体系层级结构研究

[目的]分析中医药应对公共卫生事件防治影响因素,探讨各影响因素之间的层级结构关系,构建中医药应对公共卫生事件防治解释结构模型(ISM),为建立中医药应对公共卫生事件防治体系提供参考依据。[方法]2021年9月—2022年12月收集中医药应对公共卫生事件防治相关文献资料,通过文献分析、ISM小组成员讨论和专家访谈等方式确定14个影响因素,对各影响因素之间的关系进行两两比较,建立中医药应对公共卫生事件防治因素邻接矩阵,利用Matlab软件计算可达矩阵并进行层级结构分析,最终建立中医药应对公共卫生事件防治因ISM模型。[结果]中医药应对公共卫生事件防治影响因素ISM模型呈6层阶梯结构,直接影响因素L1={S11}、核心影响因素L2={S9,S10,S13,S14}、L3={S8,S12}、L4={S6}、深层影响因素L5={S2,S3,S4,S5,S7}、L6={S1}。各层级间相互影响、层层递进,共同影响中医药应对公共卫生事件防治体系。[结论]中医药应对公共卫生事件防治体系是一个较为复杂的系统,涉及政府机构、医疗和教育机构、社会民众等多维度共同协调配合。根据中医药应对公共卫生事件防治影响因素不同层级结构和路径特点健全中医药应对公共卫生事件防治体系,可以进一步完善中国应对公共卫生事件防控救治体系。

新质生产力、全国统一大市场与中国式产业链现代化

新质生产力是对马克思生产力理论的创新性发展与创造性转化,是符合新时代现代化产业体系建设的生产力“跃迁”,亦是加速推进中国式产业链现代化建设的“先棋手”。本文基于2013~2023年中国30个省级面板数据,对新质生产力、全国统一大市场与中国式产业链现代化间的关系进行探析。研究发现,新质生产力能够促进中国式产业链现代化建设,且全国统一大市场在其中发挥正向调节作用。异质性结果表明,新质生产力对高创新水平地区中国式产业链现代化的作用效果更明显。拓展性检验发现,新质生产力可产生正向空间溢出效应,对周边地区中国式产业链现代化建设产生带动作用。由此,应积极推进全国统一大市场建设,加快培育新质生产力,为加速推进中国式产业链现代化建设进程赋能蓄力。

基于网络平台的“中西医临床医学”教学模式研究

近年来,在网络平台的支持下,中西医临床医学教育取得了显著的进步。探讨基于网络平台的“中西医临床医学”教学模式的构建与实践,以期为其他学科的教学改革提供借鉴和参考。通过阐述网络平台在“中西医临床医学”教学中的优势,提出了基于网络平台的“中西医临床医学”教学模式的构建原则和构成要素。结合实际案例分析,展示了网络平台在教学中的应用效果。讨论了网络平台在教学中面临的挑战,并提出了相应对策,以期对网络平台教学实现更广泛的应用和推广。

基于渐进机器学习的中文问句匹配方法

问句匹配旨在判断不同问句的意图是否相近.近年来,随着大型预训练语言模型的发展,利用其挖掘问句对在语义层面隐含的匹配信息,取得了目前为止最好的性能.然而,由于基于独立同分布假设,在真实场景中,这些深度学习模型的性能仍然受制于训练数据的充足程度和目标数据与训练数据之间的分布漂移.本文提出一种基于渐进机器学习的中文问句匹配方法.该方法基于渐进机器学习框架,从不同角度提取问句特征,构建融合各类特征信息的因子图,然后通过迭代的因子推理实现从易到难的渐进学习.在特征建模中,设计并实现了两种类型特征的提取:(1)基于TF-IDF(Term frequency-inverse document frequency)的关键词特征;(2)基于DNN(Deep neural network)的深度语义特征.最后,通过通用的基准中文数据集LCQMC和BQ corpus验证了所提方法的有效性.实验表明,相比于单纯的深度学习模型,基于渐进机器学习的方法可以有效提升问句匹配的准确率,且其性能优势随着标签训练数据的减少而增大.

真武汤加地龙联合顺铂对恶性胸腔积液模型小鼠血清白细胞介素7、血管内皮生长因子水平的影响

目的观察真武汤加地龙联合顺铂给药对恶性胸腔积液模型小鼠血清白细胞介素7(IL-7)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)的影响。方法选取8周龄的雌性C57BL/6小鼠40只,适应性喂养1周后随机均分为空白对照组、模型对照组、顺铂组、真武汤加地龙组、真武汤加地龙+顺铂组,每组8只。除空白对照组外,其余4组的32只均采用LLC小鼠肺癌细胞建立小鼠恶性胸腔积液模型。建模成功3天后,顺铂组予顺铂溶液6 mg/kg腹腔注射,隔3日1次,共3次;真武汤加地龙组予33.78 g/kg的真武汤加地龙溶液灌胃,每日1次,连续10天;真武汤加地龙+顺铂组予顺铂溶液6 mg/kg腹腔注射,隔3日1次,共3次,联合33.78 g/kg的真武汤加地龙溶液灌胃,每日1次,连续10天;空白对照组和模型对照组分别予等容积0.9%氯化钠注射液灌胃,每日1次,连续10天。给药结束后,常规麻醉小鼠,暴露胸腔,用注射器抽取胸水,精确到0.1 mL,记录胸水量。采用酶联免疫吸附法检测各组小鼠血清中IL-7、VEGF含量。结果与空白对照组比较,模型对照组和各药物治疗组胸水量均升高(P<0.05);与模型对照组比较,各药物治疗组胸水量均下降(P<0.05)。真武汤加地龙+顺铂组效果最佳,优于真武汤加地龙组和顺铂组(P<0.05)。与空白对照组比较,模型对照组和各药物治疗组血清VEGF水平均升高(P<0.05);与模型对照组比较,各药物治疗组血清VEGF水平均降低(P<0.05);真武汤加地龙+顺铂组血清VEGF水平低于真武汤加地龙组和顺铂组(P<0.05)。与空白对照组比较,模型对照组和各药物治疗组血清IL-7水平均降低(P<0.05);与模型对照组比较,真武汤加地龙组和真武汤加地龙+顺铂组血清IL-7水平均升高(P<0.05),顺铂组血清IL-7水平降低(P<0.05);真武汤加地龙组和真武汤加地龙+顺铂组血清IL-7水平高于顺铂组(P<0.05);真武汤加地龙组血清IL-7水平高于真武汤加地龙+顺铂组(P<0.05)。结论真武汤加地龙联合顺铂对小鼠恶性胸腔积液疗效良好,可以显著降低小鼠胸水量,这可能与下调血清VEGF、上调IL-7表达有关,且真武汤加地龙可以逆转顺铂引起的IL-7下降。

厚朴酚对实验性牙周炎大鼠治疗作用的研究

目的观察厚朴酚对实验性牙周炎大鼠模型的治疗作用。方法将50只3月龄雄性SD大鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、局部治疗组、厚朴酚组、局部治疗+厚朴酚组,每组10只。除空白组外,其余组予钢丝结扎上颌第一磨牙建立实验性牙周炎模型,模型建立4周后,按照分组分别进行相应的治疗8周,进行口腔检查,股动脉放血处死大鼠,制作牙周组织切片,苏木精-伊红(HE)染色观察牙周组织变化,免疫组化法检测牙周组织中肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、基质金属蛋白酶8(MMP-8)表达情况。结果厚朴酚配合牙周局部治疗能够显著改善牙周组织的破坏情况,降低牙周组织中的TNF-α、MMP-8表达,对大鼠实验性牙周炎起到了很好的治疗作用。结论厚朴酚对实验性牙周炎治疗效果明显,并且能够显著降低牙周组织中的炎症细胞因子,促进牙周病变愈合,促进牙槽骨的新生。

牙周风险评估系统的应用现状

牙周风险评估系统可有效地预测患者的牙周疾病风险,并为个性化治疗方案提供指导。牙周风险评估系统已在临床实践和临床科研领域中得到广泛应用。由于不同牙周风险评估系统所纳入的牙周临床指标和全身危险因素存在差异,其适用范围也相应不同。目前临床中较常用的牙周风险评估系统如下:基于个体层面的牙周风险评估工具牙周风险指数(periodontal risk calculator,PRC),可以同时收集患者牙周和全身状况指标进行预测;牙周评估工具(periodontal assessment tool,PAT),可以量化区分牙周病不同阶段;牙周风险评估(periodontal risk assessment,PRA)及改良牙周风险评估(modified periodontal risk assessment,mPRA)操作简便明了;而分类回归树(classification and regression trees,CART)则可基于单颗患牙周预后牙评估;另外还有在患者需要多学科联合治疗时的正畸-牙周联合风险评估系统、植体周病风险评估系统等。本文对牙周风险评估系统的应用现状进行综述。

非特异性腰痛的中医体质类型及其黄韧带厚度的影响因素分析

【目的】探究非特异性腰痛(nonspecific low back pain,NLBP)患者的中医体质类型及其黄韧带厚度与年龄、体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)、性别、中医体质类型、有无糖尿病、高血压分级的相关性。【方法】选取2023年1月~2023年6月广东省第二中医院收治的60例NLBP患者为研究对象,辨别患者的中医体质类型,测量电子计算机断层扫描(CT)图像腰椎4/5节段(L4/5)椎间盘水平黄韧带的厚度,记录患者的年龄、性别、中医体质类型、BMI、有无糖尿病、高血压分级,通过相关分析、线性回归分析探讨NLBP患者黄韧带厚度的相关影响因素。【结果】(1)60例NLBP患者黄韧带厚度平均为(2.60±0.72)mm。(2)NLBP患者的中医体质呈4类,其中以血瘀质分布最多,达21例(35.0%),其他从高到低依次为湿热质19例(31.7%)、痰湿质12例(20.0%)、气虚质8例(13.3%)。(3)相关分析结果显示:NLBP患者的BMI、性别、中医体质类型、有无糖尿病对黄韧带厚度的影响差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而不同年龄、高血压分级对黄韧带厚度的影响差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。(4)线性回归分析结果显示:不同年龄对黄韧带厚度的影响差异有统计学意义(b=0.034,t=6.282,P<0.01),而不同高血压分级对黄韧带厚度的影响差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。【结论】NLBP患者的中医体质类型以血瘀质为主,其黄韧带厚度受年龄影响较为显著,而高血压可能是潜在的黄韧带厚度的影响因素。

支持商密SM9算法框架的多因素认证方案

无线传感器技术使用公开无线信道且存储和计算资源受限,这使其容易遭受潜在的主动攻击(篡改等)和被动攻击(监听等)。身份认证是保障信息系统安全的第一道防线,如何为无线传感器设备设计多因素认证方案是目前安全协议研究的热点。目前,大多数身份认证方案都基于国外密码标准设计,不符合国家核心技术自主可控的网络空间安全发展战略。商密SM9标识密码算法是中国密码标准,已由ISO/IEC标准化并被广泛使用。因此,该文研究如何在商密SM9标识密码算法框架下,将口令、生物特征以及智能卡相结合来设计多因素身份认证方案,并利用模糊验证技术和蜜罐口令方法增强口令安全。该文在随机谕言模型(Random Oracle Model, ROM)下证明了方案的安全性,并给出启发式安全分析。与相关身份认证方案的对比结果表明,该文提出的身份认证方案在提供安全性的同时能够适用于资源受限的无线传感器网络。

数字化时代大学生“慢就业”的影响因素

运用二元Logistic回归模型对数字化时代大学生“慢就业”的影响因素进行实证分析。结果表明,大学生“慢就业”受到个人因素、家庭因素、学校因素三方面的影响。应届生的重要程度、是否愿意从事与专业不符的工作、高校对学生就业指导的帮助均在0.1的水平上显著影响大学生“慢就业”,清晰的职业规划、家庭年收入均在0.05的水平上显著影响大学生“慢就业”。基于此,高校应加强对学生的就业指导,通过建立与家长沟通互动的平台及时向家长传达就业形势与就业政策变化,帮助每位学生都明晰自身职业生涯规划,从而顺利进入工作岗位,缓解“慢就业”现象的发生。