The military situation of the thirteenth century required that the Song and the Mongols construct a great number of defensive works,relying on the mountains or facing the rivers,in the mountainous Sichuan Province and...The military situation of the thirteenth century required that the Song and the Mongols construct a great number of defensive works,relying on the mountains or facing the rivers,in the mountainous Sichuan Province and Chongqing.In recent years,a special kind of explosive firearms,huolei火雷(bombs),was unearthed in the large-scale excavations of the site of Diaoyu Fortress钓鱼城in Hechuan District合川and the Baidicheng白帝城in Fengjie County奉节,both of which were defensive works constructed in this mountainous area during the Southern Song dynasty.In addition,the ruins of kilns and the clay molds that were relevant to the casting of iron huolei have been discovered at the site of Baidicheng,indicating that these huolei might have been produced locally.The Southern Song iron huolei unearthed in Chongqing are the most direct evidence of the evolvement of gunpowder and firearms,and are of great significance to the history of science and technology,in particular the history of military technology.展开更多
How to realise the goal of city revival through the preservation of historic districts is an important issue for all historic cities.This article introduces the Preservation and Renovation Project of Zhongshan Road in...How to realise the goal of city revival through the preservation of historic districts is an important issue for all historic cities.This article introduces the Preservation and Renovation Project of Zhongshan Road in Hangzhou regarding its guiding principles,design concepts,and the entire construction process.In this project,the existing historical buildings along Zhongshan Road were preserved by keeping the remains of different historical periods and various lifestyles of the inhabitants.Rather than merely refurbishing the street front only,we reconstructed the Southern Song Dynasty city-block walls along Zhongshan Road and restored the Fangxiang city fabric to create the streetscape of the former Imperial Avenue.Afforested terraced teahouses were built along the road,and the original water system was restored so as to realise the atmosphere of‘watertown’.New buildings were added by adopting local materials and vernacular building forms.The article summarises two strategies for the preservation of a historic district in a large city.One is the comprehensive project planning by research and investigation.The other is the overall design guideline for the street blocks.It also reflects on the disappointing aspects that mainly resulted from time limitations and the poor taste in the refurbishment of shop houses.展开更多
文摘The military situation of the thirteenth century required that the Song and the Mongols construct a great number of defensive works,relying on the mountains or facing the rivers,in the mountainous Sichuan Province and Chongqing.In recent years,a special kind of explosive firearms,huolei火雷(bombs),was unearthed in the large-scale excavations of the site of Diaoyu Fortress钓鱼城in Hechuan District合川and the Baidicheng白帝城in Fengjie County奉节,both of which were defensive works constructed in this mountainous area during the Southern Song dynasty.In addition,the ruins of kilns and the clay molds that were relevant to the casting of iron huolei have been discovered at the site of Baidicheng,indicating that these huolei might have been produced locally.The Southern Song iron huolei unearthed in Chongqing are the most direct evidence of the evolvement of gunpowder and firearms,and are of great significance to the history of science and technology,in particular the history of military technology.
文摘How to realise the goal of city revival through the preservation of historic districts is an important issue for all historic cities.This article introduces the Preservation and Renovation Project of Zhongshan Road in Hangzhou regarding its guiding principles,design concepts,and the entire construction process.In this project,the existing historical buildings along Zhongshan Road were preserved by keeping the remains of different historical periods and various lifestyles of the inhabitants.Rather than merely refurbishing the street front only,we reconstructed the Southern Song Dynasty city-block walls along Zhongshan Road and restored the Fangxiang city fabric to create the streetscape of the former Imperial Avenue.Afforested terraced teahouses were built along the road,and the original water system was restored so as to realise the atmosphere of‘watertown’.New buildings were added by adopting local materials and vernacular building forms.The article summarises two strategies for the preservation of a historic district in a large city.One is the comprehensive project planning by research and investigation.The other is the overall design guideline for the street blocks.It also reflects on the disappointing aspects that mainly resulted from time limitations and the poor taste in the refurbishment of shop houses.
