REMARKS ON THE CONTRIBUTIONS OF CONSTANTINE M.DAFERMOS TO THE SUBJECT OF CONSERVATION LAWS

Constantine M. Dafermos has done extensive research at the interface of partial differential equations and continuum physics. He is a world leader in nonlinear hyperbolic conservation laws, where he introduced several fundamental methods in the subject including the methods of relative entropy, generalized characteristics, and wave-front tracking, as well as the entropy rate criterion for the selection of admissible wave fans. He has also made fundamental contributions on the mathematical theory of the equations of thermomechanics as it pertains in modeling and analysis of materials with memory, thermoelasticity, and thermoviscoelasticity. His work is distinctly characterized by an understanding of the fundamental issues of continuum physics and their role in developing new techniques of mathematical analysis.

A Research Report on the Prescription Rights of Chinese Nurses

Objective: To explore the feasibility of the nurse’ s prescription right in China, to develop the requirements for the qualification of the ap-plicant for the prescription right of nurse, and to determine the content of certain prescriptions in the specific circumstances. Methods: Literature review on the relevant articles/material with the contents of the nurse’ s right of prescription home and a-broad. Semi-structured depth interview method was used to interview 18 experts on whether the nurses can participate in the graded nursing decision and whether nurses with certain ability can make the decision. Using the self-made questionnaire“Nur-ses involved in graded nursing decision-recognition questionnaire”, 553 nurses completed questionnaires on willingness to nurse decision-making grading. Using the analytic hierarchy process, the 23 experts’ judgment on the main body of the graded nurs-ing was rated. Using semi-structured depth interview method, 17 experts were interviewed on the graded nursing quality assess-ment and training outline. The form of expert personal judgment and the“grading nursing qualification experts predict question-naire”were used as a preliminary designing tool, 32 experts were asked to predict the graded nursing quality. The relatively im-portant factors that might promote implementation of right of Chinese nurse prescribing weights setting were obtained by analytic hierarchy process. Using Delphi method, 2 rounds of consultation to 291 experts/times were performed, and determined its con-tent on the fields of graded nursing decision, nurses’ job description, decision making nurse in graded nursing work process and related management system, decision-making main body of clinical nursing, nurse authority of prescription application qualifi-cation, clinical nurses, diabetes specialist nurses, tumor specialist nurses, nurses in emergency department, community nurses in certain circumstances writing prescription, and nursing undergraduate added with nurse authority of prescription related courses. Results: The physician is not considered to be the best decision-making main body of clinical nursing work and graded nurs-ing, nurses can participate in the work of decision-making. The qualification of hierarchical decision-making nurse and nurse prescribing applicants have been determined. The hierarchical nursing decision-making nurses’ position description and training outline have been compiled. Experts suggest that clinical nurses with certain qualifications should be given the rights of some prescription form ( independent prescription, prescription, prescription protocol extension) to prescribe specific drugs in high fe-ver, hypoglycemia, hypertension, anaphylactic shock and other 11 specific circumstances. The nurses of the diabetes should be given the right of prescribing sulfonylureas, biguanides, glucosidase inhibitor, and protamine zinc insulin, and the right to write the prescription and consultation for part of medical equipment, health education, and four routine tests, which contains blood sugar monitoring, urine glucose monitoring, glycosylated hemoglobin assay, and oral glucose tolerance test. Tumor specialist nurses should be given the right to write the prescription of 7 specific circumstances including blood routine tests, electrocardio-gram, blood biochemistry and other 9 laboratory tests, constipation, phlebitis, and cancer pain, and the right of 5 tumor emer-gency prescription including chemotherapy drug allergy, hemorrhagic shock, acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Nurses in e-mergency department with certain qualification should be given the right to prescribe specific drugs in 15 circumstances which include cardiac arrest, ventricular fibrillation, and acute cardiogenic chest pain. Community nurses with certain qualification should be given the right to write the prescriptions on 14 contents including disinfection and cleaning, sterile infusion type, and wound care products. Experts suggest that nursing undergraduate education in China should be added with 2 courses which are prescription rights related laws and regulations and nursing intervention, and that pharmacology course should be supplemented with related course in order to adapt to the implementation of nurse prescribing rights. Conclusions: China’ s nurses with certain qualification or after special training have the ability to accept and should be given the right of prescriptions in certain circumstance within the scope of their work.

A Comparative Analysis of Three Versions of Junior High School English Textbook from the Aspect of Discourse

The quality of English textbooks has a great effect on English teaching. Based on the discourse, the study is going to make an analysis of three versions of English textbooks for junior high school, including PEP, FLTRP and OUP. Through comparing the subject matter and the type of writing of the reading comprehension, the researcher is to provide some suggestions to users. Also, there are still some limitations, which can be improved in the future.

The Skills of A Practical Writing for Tour Guide(I)——Language Differentials

This thesis is about the skills of practical writing for Tour Guide.In this article,the differences between English and Chinese are discussed.As a Tour Guide,one needs to grasp these characteristics of the two languages,and has ability of describing sceneries beautifully and accurately by writing.