This study examines the development and trends of China’s alfalfa market and imports, identifies key factors for the rapid increase in China’s alfalfa imports, and discusses potential impacts of the U.S.-China trade...This study examines the development and trends of China’s alfalfa market and imports, identifies key factors for the rapid increase in China’s alfalfa imports, and discusses potential impacts of the U.S.-China trade dispute and retaliations on the alfalfa markets and trade in both nations. China’s rapid transition toward larger-scale commercial dairy production, with enhanced feed and cost management as well as quality and safety control, and its limited resources for high-quality alfalfa production are key factors for the dramatic increase in its alfalfa imports, from 19 601 metric tons in 2008 to 1.38 million metric tons(mmt) in 2018. While the United States dominated China’s alfalfa imports with an average share of 97.01% from 2007 to 2017, the share dropped to 83.76% in 2018 and 63.28% in January 2019 due to the trade dispute and retaliations started in 2018. China will likely remain a large importer of alfalfa because of both its growing demand and the comparative advantages of imported alfalfa in quality and price, but the imports from the United States will be highly affected by the ongoing trade dispute and negotiations. China is also expected to make more efforts to reduce its dependence on U.S. alfalfa through increased investment in domestic alfalfa production and identification of alternative sources of alfalfa and other hay imports.展开更多
This paper compares the internal structures of the manufacturing industries in China and the U.S. from 1998 to 2005 and leads to three major discoveries: First, the gaps between China and the U.S.'s manufacturing ...This paper compares the internal structures of the manufacturing industries in China and the U.S. from 1998 to 2005 and leads to three major discoveries: First, the gaps between China and the U.S.'s manufacturing capacity have been narrowing at a high speed in the last seven years, during which the share of added value of China's manufacturing industry to that of the U.S. increased from 13% to 52%, and then reached 76% in 2007. Second, the labor force employed in China's manufacturing industry increased by 50%, of which the increase in capital and technology-intensive production sectors exceeded that in labor-intensive sectors. Meanwhile, the labor force employed in the U.S. manufacturing industry decreased. Third, labor productivity in China's manufacturing industry increased by 2.78 times, and profits increased by 2.21 times, much higher than the U.S. growth rates of 18.2% and 49.5%. Obviously, the narrowing gaps between China and the U.S.'s production capacities mean China's industrial progress and the hierarchy of world industrial powers will be rearranged.展开更多
This study reviews productivity growth in the five major transportation industries in the United States (airline, truck, rail, pipeline, and water) and the pooled transportation industry from 2004 to 2011. We measure ...This study reviews productivity growth in the five major transportation industries in the United States (airline, truck, rail, pipeline, and water) and the pooled transportation industry from 2004 to 2011. We measure the average productivity for these eight years by state in each transportation industry and the annual average productivity by transportation industry. The major findings are that the U.S. transportation industry shows strong and positive productivity growth except that in the years of the global financial crisis in 2007, 2008, and 2010, and among the five transportation industries, the rail and water sectors show the highest productivity growth in 2011.展开更多
China’s automobile industrydevelopment can be dividedinto two stages. The first stage(1953-1978)focused on developing the No.1Auto Plant,No.2 Auto Plant and abatch of factories for producingautomobile components to m...China’s automobile industrydevelopment can be dividedinto two stages. The first stage(1953-1978)focused on developing the No.1Auto Plant,No.2 Auto Plant and abatch of factories for producingautomobile components to meet theneeds of national economicdevelopment,laying a foundationfor the automobile industry,Becauseof the deficiency of nationalcomprehensive strength and theimplementation of the plannedeconomic management system,automobile products were in shortsupply for a long time. The second stage(1978-1993)witnessed the rapid developmentafter China introduced the reformand opening policy.The annualaverage growth rate of automobileoutput stood at 13 percent,and thatof motors at 40 percent.展开更多
MEMPHIS-A National Cotton Council delegation traveling to Beijing on June 19-30 will make a number of visits with key Chinese officials to:1)provide updates on the U.S. cotton industry’s efforts to improve its cotton...MEMPHIS-A National Cotton Council delegation traveling to Beijing on June 19-30 will make a number of visits with key Chinese officials to:1)provide updates on the U.S. cotton industry’s efforts to improve its cotton quality and 2) ascertain its Chinese textile customers’needs.展开更多
基金the Vermont Agricultural Experiment Station at the University Vermont,USA,and the National Social Science Fund of China(17ZDA067)for financial support of this project。
文摘This study examines the development and trends of China’s alfalfa market and imports, identifies key factors for the rapid increase in China’s alfalfa imports, and discusses potential impacts of the U.S.-China trade dispute and retaliations on the alfalfa markets and trade in both nations. China’s rapid transition toward larger-scale commercial dairy production, with enhanced feed and cost management as well as quality and safety control, and its limited resources for high-quality alfalfa production are key factors for the dramatic increase in its alfalfa imports, from 19 601 metric tons in 2008 to 1.38 million metric tons(mmt) in 2018. While the United States dominated China’s alfalfa imports with an average share of 97.01% from 2007 to 2017, the share dropped to 83.76% in 2018 and 63.28% in January 2019 due to the trade dispute and retaliations started in 2018. China will likely remain a large importer of alfalfa because of both its growing demand and the comparative advantages of imported alfalfa in quality and price, but the imports from the United States will be highly affected by the ongoing trade dispute and negotiations. China is also expected to make more efforts to reduce its dependence on U.S. alfalfa through increased investment in domestic alfalfa production and identification of alternative sources of alfalfa and other hay imports.
基金sponsored by "Empirical Research Project on China's Industrial Innovation Strategies and Policy Options",which is a major project of a key humanities and social sciences research center of the Ministry of Educationfunded by the "regional" sub-project of China's International Economic Competitiveness Research and Innovation Center of Fudan University
文摘This paper compares the internal structures of the manufacturing industries in China and the U.S. from 1998 to 2005 and leads to three major discoveries: First, the gaps between China and the U.S.'s manufacturing capacity have been narrowing at a high speed in the last seven years, during which the share of added value of China's manufacturing industry to that of the U.S. increased from 13% to 52%, and then reached 76% in 2007. Second, the labor force employed in China's manufacturing industry increased by 50%, of which the increase in capital and technology-intensive production sectors exceeded that in labor-intensive sectors. Meanwhile, the labor force employed in the U.S. manufacturing industry decreased. Third, labor productivity in China's manufacturing industry increased by 2.78 times, and profits increased by 2.21 times, much higher than the U.S. growth rates of 18.2% and 49.5%. Obviously, the narrowing gaps between China and the U.S.'s production capacities mean China's industrial progress and the hierarchy of world industrial powers will be rearranged.
文摘This study reviews productivity growth in the five major transportation industries in the United States (airline, truck, rail, pipeline, and water) and the pooled transportation industry from 2004 to 2011. We measure the average productivity for these eight years by state in each transportation industry and the annual average productivity by transportation industry. The major findings are that the U.S. transportation industry shows strong and positive productivity growth except that in the years of the global financial crisis in 2007, 2008, and 2010, and among the five transportation industries, the rail and water sectors show the highest productivity growth in 2011.
文摘China’s automobile industrydevelopment can be dividedinto two stages. The first stage(1953-1978)focused on developing the No.1Auto Plant,No.2 Auto Plant and abatch of factories for producingautomobile components to meet theneeds of national economicdevelopment,laying a foundationfor the automobile industry,Becauseof the deficiency of nationalcomprehensive strength and theimplementation of the plannedeconomic management system,automobile products were in shortsupply for a long time. The second stage(1978-1993)witnessed the rapid developmentafter China introduced the reformand opening policy.The annualaverage growth rate of automobileoutput stood at 13 percent,and thatof motors at 40 percent.
文摘MEMPHIS-A National Cotton Council delegation traveling to Beijing on June 19-30 will make a number of visits with key Chinese officials to:1)provide updates on the U.S. cotton industry’s efforts to improve its cotton quality and 2) ascertain its Chinese textile customers’needs.
