Magna Carta was introduced into China around the mid-19th century under the context that learning from the West was then a trend for Chinese politicians and the academia to modernize China. The English constitutionali...Magna Carta was introduced into China around the mid-19th century under the context that learning from the West was then a trend for Chinese politicians and the academia to modernize China. The English constitutionalism originating from Magna Carta was considered as one of the models for China to reference. Even though the constitutional reform in the late Qing Dynasty failed to establish the constitutionalism in China, the strive for rule of law and democracy in China was never disrupted from then on. In the first century of Magna Carta＇s introduction into China, the academia used the ideas of constitutional rights, the rule of law embedded in Magna Carta to influence constitutionality in China, especially to push forward the protection of human rights and democracy. Even though the constitutionalism was not finally established in the Republic of China, the research on Magna Carta inspired the idea of constitutionalism in China. In addition, the Chinese academia realized that what China should learn was the spirit of Magna Carta, and that the construction of Chinese constitutionalism shall be based on the context of Chinese history and culture.展开更多
目的:针对飞行学员基础性抗荷体能训练要求,研究制定基础性抗荷体能高效训练方案,并验证基础性抗荷体能高效训练方案对飞行学员力量素质的提升效果,为构建飞行学员基础性抗荷体能高效训练体系提供参考依据。方法:采用随机对照实验法,选...目的:针对飞行学员基础性抗荷体能训练要求,研究制定基础性抗荷体能高效训练方案,并验证基础性抗荷体能高效训练方案对飞行学员力量素质的提升效果,为构建飞行学员基础性抗荷体能高效训练体系提供参考依据。方法:采用随机对照实验法,选取某飞行学院2018级138名男性飞行学员,随机分为实验组(n=68)和对照组(n=70),测试下肢蹬伸、躯干屈曲和伸展、上肢推和拉等长肌力。实验组进行12周每周2次、每次90 min的力量训练和每周3次、每次10 min功率自行车的高强度间歇训练(high intensity interval training),对照组进行每周2次、每次45 min的传统抗荷体能训练。采用重复测量方差分析各实验指标变化情况。结果:1)实验后,实验组下肢蹬伸等长肌力极显著高于对照组(左侧:171.68 kg vs 140.63 kg,P<0.01;右侧:170.43 kg vs 137.89 kg,P<0.01),且实验组与对照组下肢蹬伸等长肌力均极显著高于训练前。2)实验后,实验组躯干屈曲和伸展等长肌力高于对照组(屈曲:80.49 kg vs 70.91 kg,P<0.05;伸展:91.09 kg vs 82.18 kg,P<0.01)。3)实验后,实验组上肢推和拉等长肌力极显著高于对照组(推:144.86 kg vs 131.69 kg,P<0.01;拉:103.07 kg vs 93.94 kg,P<0.01)。结论:基础性抗荷体能高效训练方案可以显著提高飞行学员抗载荷基础力量,提升飞行学员抗载荷体质,有利于飞行员抗荷体质与高性能战斗机间更匹配,提升空军战斗力。展开更多
文摘Magna Carta was introduced into China around the mid-19th century under the context that learning from the West was then a trend for Chinese politicians and the academia to modernize China. The English constitutionalism originating from Magna Carta was considered as one of the models for China to reference. Even though the constitutional reform in the late Qing Dynasty failed to establish the constitutionalism in China, the strive for rule of law and democracy in China was never disrupted from then on. In the first century of Magna Carta＇s introduction into China, the academia used the ideas of constitutional rights, the rule of law embedded in Magna Carta to influence constitutionality in China, especially to push forward the protection of human rights and democracy. Even though the constitutionalism was not finally established in the Republic of China, the research on Magna Carta inspired the idea of constitutionalism in China. In addition, the Chinese academia realized that what China should learn was the spirit of Magna Carta, and that the construction of Chinese constitutionalism shall be based on the context of Chinese history and culture.
文摘目的:针对飞行学员基础性抗荷体能训练要求,研究制定基础性抗荷体能高效训练方案,并验证基础性抗荷体能高效训练方案对飞行学员力量素质的提升效果,为构建飞行学员基础性抗荷体能高效训练体系提供参考依据。方法:采用随机对照实验法,选取某飞行学院2018级138名男性飞行学员,随机分为实验组(n=68)和对照组(n=70),测试下肢蹬伸、躯干屈曲和伸展、上肢推和拉等长肌力。实验组进行12周每周2次、每次90 min的力量训练和每周3次、每次10 min功率自行车的高强度间歇训练(high intensity interval training),对照组进行每周2次、每次45 min的传统抗荷体能训练。采用重复测量方差分析各实验指标变化情况。结果:1)实验后,实验组下肢蹬伸等长肌力极显著高于对照组(左侧:171.68 kg vs 140.63 kg,P<0.01;右侧:170.43 kg vs 137.89 kg,P<0.01),且实验组与对照组下肢蹬伸等长肌力均极显著高于训练前。2)实验后,实验组躯干屈曲和伸展等长肌力高于对照组(屈曲:80.49 kg vs 70.91 kg,P<0.05;伸展:91.09 kg vs 82.18 kg,P<0.01)。3)实验后,实验组上肢推和拉等长肌力极显著高于对照组(推:144.86 kg vs 131.69 kg,P<0.01;拉:103.07 kg vs 93.94 kg,P<0.01)。结论:基础性抗荷体能高效训练方案可以显著提高飞行学员抗载荷基础力量,提升飞行学员抗载荷体质,有利于飞行员抗荷体质与高性能战斗机间更匹配,提升空军战斗力。
