It is important to clarify the historical facts and summarize the characteristics of the communication and cooperation between the CPC and the JCP during the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, as it holds ...It is important to clarify the historical facts and summarize the characteristics of the communication and cooperation between the CPC and the JCP during the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, as it holds historical and contemporary relevance. The research findings indicate that the Comintern played a crucial role as the key intermediary in facilitating the establishment of connections between the CPC and the JCP and in driving the deepening of their relationship. During their exchanges, both parties adhered to a flexible and multi-layered friendship based on the unified values of patriotism and internationalism. Their efforts played a significant role in the establishment of an international anti-fascist front in the East.展开更多
It is important to clarify the historical facts and summarize the characteristics of the communication and cooperation between the CPC and the JCP during the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression,as it holds h...It is important to clarify the historical facts and summarize the characteristics of the communication and cooperation between the CPC and the JCP during the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression,as it holds historical and contemporary relevance.The research findings indicate that the Comintern played a crucial role as the key intermediary in facilitating the establishment of connections between the CPC and the JCP and in driving the deepening of their relationship.During their exchanges,both parties adhered to a flexible and multi-layered friendship based on the unified values of patriotism and internationalism.Their efforts played a significant role in the establishment of an international anti-fascist front in the East.展开更多
Modern Chinese Buddhist literature of the war of resistance against Japanese aggression is a unique literary phenomenon written in a unique era.Thematically,it combines the modern Buddhist consciousness of citizenship...Modern Chinese Buddhist literature of the war of resistance against Japanese aggression is a unique literary phenomenon written in a unique era.Thematically,it combines the modern Buddhist consciousness of citizenship and the traditional spirit of the Way of the Bodhisattva.In terms of individual life experience,it responds to the spirit of the times through the conscious and innovative use of Buddhist conceptions introduced in a modern manner;in terms of identifying a social role,its artistic practice consciously and actively answers the call of China’s wartime cultural strategy;and in terms of artistic production,it vigorously promotes modernization of expression and popular participation.These new elements and tendencies offer a perspective that cannot be overlooked if we are to gain an in-depth and comprehensive appreciation and evaluation of the role of wartime Buddhist literature in China’s national war of resistance.展开更多
The year 2005 marks the 60th anniversary of the victory of the Chinese People’s War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the world’s anti-fascist war. China and many other countries have held all kinds of a...The year 2005 marks the 60th anniversary of the victory of the Chinese People’s War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the world’s anti-fascist war. China and many other countries have held all kinds of activities to commemorate this event that has most deeply impacted human history. The Second World War, the crudest war展开更多
Drawing upon Donna Haraway’s cyborg theory,this paper argues that the bicycle can be conceived as a cyborg extension of body and identity which transcended its mechanical essence to become an integral co-partner for ...Drawing upon Donna Haraway’s cyborg theory,this paper argues that the bicycle can be conceived as a cyborg extension of body and identity which transcended its mechanical essence to become an integral co-partner for women involved in resistance activities in WWII.More specifically,the study explores how women used cycling during World War Ⅱ not only for mobility but as a profound expression of courage,endurance and solidarity which enabled them to overcome physical and symbolic barriers under totalitarian regimes.The bicycle emerges not only as a central co-agent but also actively co-creates the situations in which it emerges as a transformative force.Cycling acted as a catalyst for personal and collective empowerment,fostering new subjectivities while transcending physical and social limitations.This study sparks multidimensional discourse on how technological tools can co-create our societies and identities,offering insights into how bicycles can drive socio-political change,promote emancipation and foster inclusivity.展开更多
Chapter 1. Shenton mountain Battle making Great Prestige to the 129th DivisionChapter 2. A fierce fight in the Xiangtang town stricking the observating KMT Gen-erals dumbChapter 3. Rush Attack ! Surpris attack ! the 1...Chapter 1. Shenton mountain Battle making Great Prestige to the 129th DivisionChapter 2. A fierce fight in the Xiangtang town stricking the observating KMT Gen-erals dumbChapter 3. Rush Attack ! Surpris attack ! the 129th Division Creating A classics ofQuick attackChapter 4. Commanded by Mao Zedong, the 129th Division Rushed toward the GreatPlainChapter 5. Fallowing the Great Victory of the Xiang cheng Mountain Campaign,Casting a iarge net on the Southern Jinan Plain by the Commanders Liuand展开更多
The Chinese Anti-Japanese War was a battle between human rights protections and abuses, between civilization and brutality, and between justice and evil. During the war, the human rights of Chinese people were complet...The Chinese Anti-Japanese War was a battle between human rights protections and abuses, between civilization and brutality, and between justice and evil. During the war, the human rights of Chinese people were completely violated by the Japanese aggressors, causing an unprecedented human rights catastrophe. At the same time, Chinese people vigorously resisted the aggression in order to defend the national survival right and safeguard the human peace against war. The history of human rights’ victory over human rights abuses tells us: aggressive wars are the most serious violations of human rights. We must protect people’s right to peace for every country in the world. In order to avoid violations of human rights by war once again, we must safeguard the international postwar order and prevent the revival of fascism, whose essences are contempt for and trample on human rights. Therefore we have to respect and protect human rights and defend both the collective rights of every nation and the individual rights of every person in the world.展开更多
Microbial pathogens include bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites and together account for a significant percentage of acute and chronic human diseases. In addition to understanding the mechanisms by which various p...Microbial pathogens include bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites and together account for a significant percentage of acute and chronic human diseases. In addition to understanding the mechanisms by which various pathogens cause human disease, research in microbial pathogenesis also addresses mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance and the development of new antimicrobial agents and vaccines. Answering fundamental questions regarding host-microbe interactions requires an interdisciplinary approach, including microbiology, genomics, informatics, molecular and cellular biology, biochemistry, immunology, epidemiology, environment and interaction between host and microbe. Studies investigating the direct effects of pollutants on respiratory tract infections are very vast, but those interested in the role of a pre-existing disease and effects of the exposure on the response to secondary stresses are few. In an experimental study at concentrations of air pollutants found in urban environments, frank toxicological responses are rarely observed, however, exposure to secondary stress like the respiratory challenge with infectious bacteria can exacerbate the response of the experimental host. The models like experimental, mechanical, and mathematical are the most abstract, but they allow analysis and logical proofs in a way that other approaches do not permit. The present review is mostly concerned with these model representations particularly with a novel mathematical model explaining the interaction between pathogen and immunity including the equivalence point.展开更多
The issue of war apology remains important and controversial within Japan today, and between Japan and her neighbors. Since the 50th anniversary of the Japanese defeat on 15th August 1945, it has become customary for ...The issue of war apology remains important and controversial within Japan today, and between Japan and her neighbors. Since the 50th anniversary of the Japanese defeat on 15th August 1945, it has become customary for the Prime Minister to make a considered statement, normally including an apology for Japanese wartime atrocities and related issues. On 15th August 1995 the Socialist Prime Minister Murayama made a fulsome and unambiguous apology, which has been seen as the ＂gold standard＂ by countries at which it was directed, notably China and South Korea. The conservative Koizumi made a similar apology 10 years later. On 15th August 2015 the radical right wing Prime Minister Abe made a lengthy statement, interleaving apologies with explanations and justifications of Japan＇s past actions. This article analyses the texts of these and other relevant statements, and concludes that current war apology exercises are seriously undermined by the radical statements and policies of the Abe Government.展开更多
2015 marks the 70th anniversary of the victory of the Chinese People’s War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression(1937-1945)and the World Anti-Fascist War.This year also marks the 70th anniversary of the founding ...2015 marks the 70th anniversary of the victory of the Chinese People’s War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression(1937-1945)and the World Anti-Fascist War.This year also marks the 70th anniversary of the founding of the United Nations.At this historical moment in the inheritance of the past and ushering in the future,the展开更多
Japanese aggressive war committed extremely serious crimes, which brought miserable experiences and damage to Asian people including Chinese. Undoubtedly war crimes committed by the government and the army of Japan we...Japanese aggressive war committed extremely serious crimes, which brought miserable experiences and damage to Asian people including Chinese. Undoubtedly war crimes committed by the government and the army of Japan were the violation of human rights physically and emotionally. However, Japan refused to admit these crimes and even made excuses postwar, which constituted further violation of human rights. If Japan respected human rights, took the responsibility and apologized for what they’ve done, it would help those nations recover from trauma and contribute to build more peaceful relationships among nations.展开更多
I.China is the first country to resist the fascist aggression in the world,and opens up the world’s first anti-fascist battlefield.The fascist forces waged World WarⅡ.Those fascists exercised cruel and autocratic ru...I.China is the first country to resist the fascist aggression in the world,and opens up the world’s first anti-fascist battlefield.The fascist forces waged World WarⅡ.Those fascists exercised cruel and autocratic rule internally,and carried out unbridled aggression and expansion targeted at countries of various social systems.In the 1920s-1930s,the fascist forces in Italy,Japan and Germany consecutively came to power,and were展开更多
This poem is written by Wan Aizhen in 2014 to remark the 120 th anniversary of the First Sino-Japanese War. The poet pursued her doctorate in Indiana University and is teaching Chinese in Purdue University. In the fir...This poem is written by Wan Aizhen in 2014 to remark the 120 th anniversary of the First Sino-Japanese War. The poet pursued her doctorate in Indiana University and is teaching Chinese in Purdue University. In the first half of this poem, the poet gives a brief introduction to the background and the changing circumstance of the war and expresses her resentment towards it. At that memorable time, a Chinese-American poet writing this patriotic poem is very meaningful. This poem, which has not been translated before, contains many traditional Chinese images. In order to make the translation concise and readable, the translator adopts both foreignizing and domesticating methods, and strives to help foreign readers understand the literary images in the original poem as well as the poet's sentiments.展开更多
基金Youth Fund for Humanities and Social Sciences Research of the Ministry of Education “Research on the Translation, Sharing, and Evolution of Marxist Terminology in the Early Translation of the Communist Manifesto between China and Japan”
文摘It is important to clarify the historical facts and summarize the characteristics of the communication and cooperation between the CPC and the JCP during the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, as it holds historical and contemporary relevance. The research findings indicate that the Comintern played a crucial role as the key intermediary in facilitating the establishment of connections between the CPC and the JCP and in driving the deepening of their relationship. During their exchanges, both parties adhered to a flexible and multi-layered friendship based on the unified values of patriotism and internationalism. Their efforts played a significant role in the establishment of an international anti-fascist front in the East.
基金supported by Youth Fund for Humanities and Social Sciences Research of the Ministry of Education“Research on the Translation,Sharing,and Evolution of Marxist Terminology in the Early Translation of the Communist Manifesto between China and Japan”(《共产党宣言》在中日两国早期译介过程中马克思主义术语的译出、共享与演变研究,20YJC740035).
文摘It is important to clarify the historical facts and summarize the characteristics of the communication and cooperation between the CPC and the JCP during the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression,as it holds historical and contemporary relevance.The research findings indicate that the Comintern played a crucial role as the key intermediary in facilitating the establishment of connections between the CPC and the JCP and in driving the deepening of their relationship.During their exchanges,both parties adhered to a flexible and multi-layered friendship based on the unified values of patriotism and internationalism.Their efforts played a significant role in the establishment of an international anti-fascist front in the East.
文摘Modern Chinese Buddhist literature of the war of resistance against Japanese aggression is a unique literary phenomenon written in a unique era.Thematically,it combines the modern Buddhist consciousness of citizenship and the traditional spirit of the Way of the Bodhisattva.In terms of individual life experience,it responds to the spirit of the times through the conscious and innovative use of Buddhist conceptions introduced in a modern manner;in terms of identifying a social role,its artistic practice consciously and actively answers the call of China’s wartime cultural strategy;and in terms of artistic production,it vigorously promotes modernization of expression and popular participation.These new elements and tendencies offer a perspective that cannot be overlooked if we are to gain an in-depth and comprehensive appreciation and evaluation of the role of wartime Buddhist literature in China’s national war of resistance.
文摘The year 2005 marks the 60th anniversary of the victory of the Chinese People’s War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the world’s anti-fascist war. China and many other countries have held all kinds of activities to commemorate this event that has most deeply impacted human history. The Second World War, the crudest war
文摘Drawing upon Donna Haraway’s cyborg theory,this paper argues that the bicycle can be conceived as a cyborg extension of body and identity which transcended its mechanical essence to become an integral co-partner for women involved in resistance activities in WWII.More specifically,the study explores how women used cycling during World War Ⅱ not only for mobility but as a profound expression of courage,endurance and solidarity which enabled them to overcome physical and symbolic barriers under totalitarian regimes.The bicycle emerges not only as a central co-agent but also actively co-creates the situations in which it emerges as a transformative force.Cycling acted as a catalyst for personal and collective empowerment,fostering new subjectivities while transcending physical and social limitations.This study sparks multidimensional discourse on how technological tools can co-create our societies and identities,offering insights into how bicycles can drive socio-political change,promote emancipation and foster inclusivity.
文摘Chapter 1. Shenton mountain Battle making Great Prestige to the 129th DivisionChapter 2. A fierce fight in the Xiangtang town stricking the observating KMT Gen-erals dumbChapter 3. Rush Attack ! Surpris attack ! the 129th Division Creating A classics ofQuick attackChapter 4. Commanded by Mao Zedong, the 129th Division Rushed toward the GreatPlainChapter 5. Fallowing the Great Victory of the Xiang cheng Mountain Campaign,Casting a iarge net on the Southern Jinan Plain by the Commanders Liuand
文摘The Chinese Anti-Japanese War was a battle between human rights protections and abuses, between civilization and brutality, and between justice and evil. During the war, the human rights of Chinese people were completely violated by the Japanese aggressors, causing an unprecedented human rights catastrophe. At the same time, Chinese people vigorously resisted the aggression in order to defend the national survival right and safeguard the human peace against war. The history of human rights’ victory over human rights abuses tells us: aggressive wars are the most serious violations of human rights. We must protect people’s right to peace for every country in the world. In order to avoid violations of human rights by war once again, we must safeguard the international postwar order and prevent the revival of fascism, whose essences are contempt for and trample on human rights. Therefore we have to respect and protect human rights and defend both the collective rights of every nation and the individual rights of every person in the world.
文摘Microbial pathogens include bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites and together account for a significant percentage of acute and chronic human diseases. In addition to understanding the mechanisms by which various pathogens cause human disease, research in microbial pathogenesis also addresses mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance and the development of new antimicrobial agents and vaccines. Answering fundamental questions regarding host-microbe interactions requires an interdisciplinary approach, including microbiology, genomics, informatics, molecular and cellular biology, biochemistry, immunology, epidemiology, environment and interaction between host and microbe. Studies investigating the direct effects of pollutants on respiratory tract infections are very vast, but those interested in the role of a pre-existing disease and effects of the exposure on the response to secondary stresses are few. In an experimental study at concentrations of air pollutants found in urban environments, frank toxicological responses are rarely observed, however, exposure to secondary stress like the respiratory challenge with infectious bacteria can exacerbate the response of the experimental host. The models like experimental, mechanical, and mathematical are the most abstract, but they allow analysis and logical proofs in a way that other approaches do not permit. The present review is mostly concerned with these model representations particularly with a novel mathematical model explaining the interaction between pathogen and immunity including the equivalence point.
文摘The issue of war apology remains important and controversial within Japan today, and between Japan and her neighbors. Since the 50th anniversary of the Japanese defeat on 15th August 1945, it has become customary for the Prime Minister to make a considered statement, normally including an apology for Japanese wartime atrocities and related issues. On 15th August 1995 the Socialist Prime Minister Murayama made a fulsome and unambiguous apology, which has been seen as the ＂gold standard＂ by countries at which it was directed, notably China and South Korea. The conservative Koizumi made a similar apology 10 years later. On 15th August 2015 the radical right wing Prime Minister Abe made a lengthy statement, interleaving apologies with explanations and justifications of Japan＇s past actions. This article analyses the texts of these and other relevant statements, and concludes that current war apology exercises are seriously undermined by the radical statements and policies of the Abe Government.
文摘2015 marks the 70th anniversary of the victory of the Chinese People’s War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression(1937-1945)and the World Anti-Fascist War.This year also marks the 70th anniversary of the founding of the United Nations.At this historical moment in the inheritance of the past and ushering in the future,the
文摘Japanese aggressive war committed extremely serious crimes, which brought miserable experiences and damage to Asian people including Chinese. Undoubtedly war crimes committed by the government and the army of Japan were the violation of human rights physically and emotionally. However, Japan refused to admit these crimes and even made excuses postwar, which constituted further violation of human rights. If Japan respected human rights, took the responsibility and apologized for what they’ve done, it would help those nations recover from trauma and contribute to build more peaceful relationships among nations.
文摘I.China is the first country to resist the fascist aggression in the world,and opens up the world’s first anti-fascist battlefield.The fascist forces waged World WarⅡ.Those fascists exercised cruel and autocratic rule internally,and carried out unbridled aggression and expansion targeted at countries of various social systems.In the 1920s-1930s,the fascist forces in Italy,Japan and Germany consecutively came to power,and were
文摘This poem is written by Wan Aizhen in 2014 to remark the 120 th anniversary of the First Sino-Japanese War. The poet pursued her doctorate in Indiana University and is teaching Chinese in Purdue University. In the first half of this poem, the poet gives a brief introduction to the background and the changing circumstance of the war and expresses her resentment towards it. At that memorable time, a Chinese-American poet writing this patriotic poem is very meaningful. This poem, which has not been translated before, contains many traditional Chinese images. In order to make the translation concise and readable, the translator adopts both foreignizing and domesticating methods, and strives to help foreign readers understand the literary images in the original poem as well as the poet's sentiments.
