Influence of lithospheric thickness distribution on oil and gas basins,China seas and adjacent areas

The distribution of oil and gas resources is intricately connected to the underlying structure of the lithosphere.Therefore,investigating the characteristics of lithospheric thickness and its correlation with oil and gas basins is highly important.This research utilizes recently enhanced geological–geophysical data,including topographic,geoid,rock layer thickness,variable rock layer density,and interface depth data.Employing the principles of lithospheric isostasy and heat conduction,we compute the laterally varying lithospheric thickness in the China seas and adjacent areas.From these results,two pivotal parameters for different types of oil and gas basins were statistically analyzed:the minimum lithospheric thickness and the relative fluctuation in lithospheric thickness.A semiquantitative analysis was used to explore the connection between these parameters and the hydrocarbon abundance within the oil and gas basins.This study unveils distinct variations in lithospheric thickness among basins,with oil and gas rich basins exhibiting a thicker lithosphere in the superimposed basins of central China and a thinner lithosphere in the rift basins of eastern China.Notably,the relative fluctuations in lithospheric thickness in basins demonstrate significant disparities:basins rich in oil and gas often exhibit greater thickness fluctuations.Additionally,in the offshore basins of China,a conspicuous negative linear correlation is observed between the minimum lithospheric thickness and the relative fluctuation in lithospheric thickness.This study posits that deep-seated thermal upwelling results in lithospheric undulations and extensional thinning in oil and gas basins.Concurrently,sustained deep-seated heat influences sedimentary materials in basins,creating favorable conditions for oil and gas generation.The insights derived from this study contribute to a quantitative understanding of the intricate relationships between deep lithospheric structures and oil and gas basins.These findings provide valuable guidance for future oil and gas exploration in the studied areas.

Late Paleozoic Sequence-Stratigraphic Frameworks and Sea Level Changes in Dianqiangui Basin and Its Adjacent Areas with Systematic Revision of Regional Unconformities

The formation process of the Dianqiangui basin, a special basin, occurred after the Caledonian orogeny, in the south of Guizhou, the west of Guangxi and the southeast of Yunnan, experienced three periods: it began in the Devonian, persisted in the Carboniferous, and became fiercer in the Permian. Controlled by syndepositional fault-zones, varieties of isolated carbonate platforms, large and small, were developed in the background of a deep-water basin, namely, an inter-platform ditch. And a special paleogeographical Late Paleozoic pattern marked by “platform-basin-hill-trough” was produced in both the Dianqiangui basin and its adjacent areas. Affected by regional tectonic activities and the global changes in the sea level, the platform carbonates and coal measures superimposed each other cyclically on the attached platform. The reef-building on the isolated platform and the margin of the attached platform corresponds to the development of the shale succession in the deep-water basin. All of these elementary characteristics reflect a regular and sophisticated filling succession of the Dianqiangui basin, a result of the dual controls of the regionally tectonic activities and the eustacy. Based on the two elementary features of the third-order sequences, i.e. the regularity of sedimentary-facies succession in space and the simultaneity of environmental changes in time, 25 third-order sequences could be discerned in the Upper Paleozoic strata in the Dianqiangui basin and its adjacent areas. On the basis of the two kinds of facies-changing surfaces and the two kinds of diachronisms in stratigraphic records, the regional Late Paleozoic sequence-stratigraphic framework in the Dianqiangui basin and its adjacent areas can be established. There are two types of facies-changing surfaces and two types of diachronisms in stratigraphic records: the static type, a result of the change in sedimentary facies in space, and the dynamic type, a result of the change in time. These two types of facies-changing surfaces led to the generation of the two types of diachronisms: the diachronism of facies-changing surfaces that was formed by the static facies-changing surfaces, and the diachronism of punctuated surfaces that was formed by the dynamic facies-changing surfaces. The two types of facies-changing surfaces and the two types of diachronisms in stratigraphic records are the key to the establishment of the sequence-stratigraphic framework. The sequence boundaries could be divided geologically into four types: tectonic unconformity, sedimentary unconformity, drowned unconformity and their correlative surfaces. All of these four types can be further grouped into exposed punctuated surfaces and deepened punctuated surfaces. The tectonic unconformity is similar to Type Ⅰ sequence boundary, and the sedimentary unconformity is similar to Type Ⅱ sequence boundary defined by Vail et al.. In terms of sequence stratigraphy, the tectonic unconformities of the Ziyun movement, the Qiangui epeirogeny and the Dongwu revolution as well as the drowned unconformity in the transitional period from the Permian to the Triassic can be systematically defined and their geological characteristics are briefly presented.

Influence of the Moho surface distribution on the oil and gas basins in China seas and adjacent areas

Owing to the strategic significance of national oil and gas resources,their exploration and production must be prioritized in China.Oil and gas resources are closely related to deep crustal structures,and Moho characteristics influence oil and gas distribution.Therefore,it is important to study the relationship between the variation of the Moho surface depth undulation and hydrocarbon basins for the future prediction of their locations.The Moho depth in the study area can be inverted using the Moho depth control information,the Moho gravity anomaly,and the variable density distribution calculated by the infinite plate.Based on these results,the influences of Moho characteristics on petroleum basins were studied.We found that the Moho surface depth undulation deviation and crustal thickness undulation deviation in the hydrocarbon-rich basins are large,and the horizontal gradient deviation of the Moho surface shows a positive linear relationship with oil and gas resources in the basin.The oil-bearing mechanism of the Moho basin is further discussed herein.The Moho uplift area and the slope zone correspond to the distribution of oil and gas fields.The tensile stress produced by the Moho uplift can form tensile fractures or cause tensile fractures on the surface,further developing into a fault or depression basin that receives deposits.The organic matter can become oil and natural gas under suitable chemical and structural conditions.Under the action of groundwater or other dynamic forces,oil and natural gas are gradually transported to the uplift or the buried hill in the depression zone,and oil and gas fields are formed under the condition of good caprock.The research results can provide new insights into the relationship between deep structures and oil and gas basins as well as assist in the strategic planning of oil and gas exploration activities.

The Mesozoic Basin-Mountain Coupling Process of the Southern East China Sea Shelf Basin and its Adjacent Land Area

Basin-mountain coupling is a key issue for basin formation and evolution. The analysis of basin-mountain coupling process, as well as quantitative or semiquantitative restoration of prototype basin and the evolution of continental margin, can be used to interpret the geological process of basin-range conversion and reconstruct early prototype basins, which is a difficult and leadin~ scientific oroblem of basin research.

Sequence-stratigraphic frameworks and their palaeogeographic patterns for the Permian Lopingian of the Dianqiangui Basin and its adjacent areas of Southwestern China

The Permian Lopingian in the Dianqiangui Basin and its adjacent areas is marked by the coal measures of the Wuchiapingian and the carbonate strata of the Changhsingian stages. For the Lopingian of the Dianqiangui Basin and its adjacent areas,the diversity of sedimentary facies and the obviousness of facies change provide an advantaged condition on a study of sequence stratigraphy. Approximately,the Wuchiapingian stage constitutes a third-order sequence and the Changhsingian stage forms an-other. For the Wuchiapingian stage in the study area,coal-measures were developed on the attached platform and,in addition,a special coal-measure that is composed of both limestone beds and coal beds was also developed in the central part of some isolated platforms. Grain-bank grainstones and packstones were formed on the margin of the attached platform as well as in the windward part of iso-lated platforms. For the Changhsingian stage in the study area,open-platform limestones were formed on the attached platform,while sponge-reef limestones were developed both on the margin of the at-tached platform and on the isolated platforms. The Lopingian Series is a set of basin-facies muddy shales with interbeds of silicalites in the inter-platform basin,which appears a set of the large-thick coarse clastic strata of molasses covering direct the deep-water strata from the Devonian to the Per-mian Yangsingian in the Qinzhou-Fangcheng region in the southern part of the study area. All of these features indicate the complexity of temporal-spatial facies-changes. Sequence-stratigraphic frame-works could be established,which would illustrate two types of facies-changing surfaces and dia-chronisms in the stratigraphic records,based on the combination of both biostratigraphic and chronostratigraphic materials and the regularity reflected by temporal evolutionary succession of sediments as well as spatial distributional patterns of sedimentary facies. Ultimately,features of sedi-mentary succession and palaeogeographical evolution of the Permian Lopingian in the study area are revealed clearly in a series of the panel diagrams of sequence-stratigraphic frameworks and the outline maps showing the sedimentary-facies and palaeogeography. The Permian Lopingian formed by two third-order sequences differs from the stratigraphy of the same era characterized by the constant re-gression along Euramerica. Most specially,if the end-Guadalupian mass-extinction event is genetically related to a regressive event represented by the unconformity of the first episode of the Dongwumovement in the study area,the mass-extinction event at the turn from the Permian to the Triassic is genetically related to a rapid transgressive event re-flected by the drowning unconformity in the study area. These phenomena might reveal a complex rela-tionship between mass-extinction events and trans-gressive-regressive events.

MIKE-BASIN在引汉济渭受水区的应用

为了解引汉济渭对受水区水资源供需平衡的作用,基于引汉济渭受水区水平衡节点图、供水规则等,构建现状年、规划水平年系统网络模型,通过流域水资源规划管理工具Mike-Basin,模拟分析各水平年引汉济渭受水区水资源供需状况。结果表明:现状年(2010年)受水区总缺水量15.96亿m3,缺失程度25.8%;规划年2020年引汉济渭工程实施后受水区总供水量60.69亿m3,总缺水量4.08亿m3,缺失程度6%;规划年2030年受水区总供水量66.39亿m3,总缺水量1.62亿m3,缺失程度2%。

渭北旱塬不同年限撂荒地土壤酶活性及其化学计量变化特征

[目的]探究渭北旱塬区不同年限撂荒地的土壤养分、胞外酶活性及其化学计量的变化特征及影响因素,以期为渭北旱塬区撂荒地的改善与管理提供一定的理论依据。[方法]以渭北旱塬不同年限(5 a, 10 a, 20 a, 25 a和33 a)的撂荒地为研究对象,测定了土壤养分和参与土壤碳(C)、氮(N)和磷(P)循环的5种胞外酶活性,随后利用单因素方差分析、土壤胞外酶化学计量学模型和主坐标分析(PCoA)研究不同撂荒年限下土壤养分和胞外酶活性及其生态化学计量的变化规律及影响因子。[结果]随着撂荒年限的增加,土壤C和N获取酶活性显著减小,而P获取酶活性显著增加;土壤C、N和P含量变化与酶活性变化趋势相反。随撂荒年限延长,土壤微生物的C限制得到缓解,P限制逐渐加强。PCoA拟合环境因子分析结果显示:土壤可溶性有机碳(DOC)、总磷(TP)、速效氮(AN)和速效磷(AP)含量是驱动酶活性及其计量比变化的关键因子。[结论]撂荒对土壤养分状况具有显著改善作用,但随撂荒时间延长(20 a以上)会加剧微生物P限制,因此对经过长年撂荒的土地应当适量施用磷肥,以改善其土壤状况。

四川盆地及邻区上奥陶统五峰组—下志留统龙马溪组底部笔石带及沉积特征

根据四川盆地五峰组—龙马溪组主要页岩气井和典型剖面的资料,分析了不同笔石带页岩的沉积环境、厚度等特征,明确了五峰组下部WF2—WF3笔石页岩段(奥陶纪凯迪阶晚期447.62~445.16 Ma)、五峰组观音桥层WF4灰岩/泥质灰岩/灰质泥页岩段(奥陶纪赫南特阶早期445.16~444.43 Ma)和龙马溪组底部LM1—LM4笔石页岩段(奥陶纪赫南特阶晚期444.43~443.83 Ma和志留纪鲁丹阶早中期443.83~441.57 Ma)3个层段的沉积环境、岩性和厚度特征,分析了页岩平面展布特征。研究表明:1五峰组下部WF2—WF3笔石页岩段沉积期,研究区主体上受广西运动的影响较小,沉积环境为广海深水环境,主要沉积了黑色页岩,沉积中心发育在黔东北—川东北和川南2个区域,沉积中心最大厚度为4~6 m。2五峰组观音桥层WF4笔石页岩段沉积期,受全球海平面下降和广西运动增强的影响,研究区沉积环境发生重大变化,川中古隆起、黔中古隆起和江南—雪峰古隆起进一步扩大,沉积盆地面积减小,沉积环境变为以浅海碳酸盐生屑滩沉积为主,少量深水沉积环境为辅(仅分布在川东—川东北地区的石柱—涪陵—巫溪一带和川南地区的长宁—永川一带),浅水沉积物以富含赫南特贝的灰岩、泥质灰岩等沉积为主,深水沉积物主体为含赫南特贝的灰质泥岩、页岩沉积。3龙马溪组底部LM1—LM4笔石页岩段沉积期,受全球海平面上升和广西运动的控制沉积范围比观音桥层沉积期大,主体为滞留的深水沉积环境,沉积了厚度较大的LM1—LM4笔石页岩段黑色页岩,最大厚度超过20 m。进一步分析了川中古隆起、黔中古隆起及江南雪峰古隆起对黑色页岩的控制作用,探讨了自流井水下高地/隆起、华蓥山水下高地、丁山水下高地和湘鄂西水下高地/隆起对黑色页岩沉积与保存的控制作用。

滇黔桂盆地及其邻区晚古生代层序地层格架及相对海平面变化

受同生断裂的控制 ,在晚古生代滇黔桂盆地及邻区形成特殊的“台—盆—丘—槽”的古地理格局 ,发育了复杂而有序的盆地充填序列。根据三级沉积层序的两大特性 ,在滇黔桂盆地及邻区的晚古生代地层中识别出 2 5个三级沉积层序 ;以地层记录中的的两种相变面和两种穿时性界面为关键 ,建立了晚古生代的区域层序地层格架。研究表明 ,地层记录中的层序界面大致可以划分为 4种类型 ,即构造不整合面、沉积不整合面、淹没不整合面以及它们的相关面 ,而且它们还可以进一步归为暴露间断面以及加深间断面两种范畴的界面。

滇黔桂盆地及邻区二叠纪层序地层格架及古地理演化

滇黔桂盆地及邻区的二叠系包括船山统、阳新统和乐平统。船山统与阳新统之交的黔桂运动主幕不整合面、阳新统和乐平统之交的东吴运动主幕不整合面的不整合特征明显 ,同时因其代表了研究区沉积盆地性质发生较大变化的界面而成为较为典型的I型层序界面。滇黔桂盆地及邻区的二叠系以其明显的沉积相分异而引人注目 :在连陆台地上发育含煤地层 ,而在连陆台地边缘及孤立台地上发育海绵生物礁 ,形成一个典型的“台 -盆 -丘 -槽”的古地理格局。伴随着强烈的东吴运动第一幕 ,研究区西北部发生强烈的火山活动 ,形成分布范围较广的峨嵋山玄武岩 ;东南部的“钦防残留海槽”关闭 ,使研究区的古地理格局发生了较大变化。二叠系与三叠系之交发生的较为典型的台地淹没事件形成了一个较为典型的淹没不整合面。根据沉积物的时间演化序列和沉积相的空间展布形式所指示的规律 ,研究区的二叠系可以划分为以下三级层序 :船山统与下伏石炭系顶部的地层构成一个三级层序 (SQ19) ,阳新统包含四个三级层序 (SQ2 0 到SQ2 3 ) ,乐平统包括两个三级层序 (SQ2 4和SQ2 5)。在层序地层框架内 ,系列古地理图和系列层序地层格架栅状图较为系统地反映了研究区二叠纪复杂而有序的时间和空间相变特征。主要的时间相变面即形成层序界面 ,具有?

滇黔桂盆地及邻区泥盆纪层序地层格架及其古地理背景

滇黔桂盆地及其邻区的泥盆系包括下部的海侵碎屑岩系、中部的混合沉积地层和上部的碳酸盐岩地层,其中又可以进一步划分为13个三级沉积层序和两个二级构造层序。不同阶段三级层序的相序组构特征及其空间变化代表了不同的岩相古地理背景,形成了一个受海平面变化和区域构造运动共同控制的沉积盆地充填序列;同时也反映出研究区域三级海平面变化与欧美地区相对比存在较大的差异。

四川盆地及其周缘奥陶系五峰组-志留系龙马溪组页岩气富集主控因素分析

四川盆地及周缘地区奥陶系五峰组-志留系龙马溪组页岩气富集主控因素包括:(1)特殊的古环境所形成的优质页岩是富集的基础。四川盆地及其周缘在五峰组和龙马溪组沉积时期,在弱挤压背景下发生了陆内拗陷沉降,奥陶纪末期冰期后全球性海平面快速上升,形成了较大规模的深水陆棚环境,为低等生物的大规模繁殖提供了有利条件,闭塞的海湾背景,为有机质的保存提供了有利的地球化学环境,欠补偿状态导致了地层中的高有机质含量。特殊生物类型所形成的大量有机硅,使成岩早期就形成了具有较强抗压实能力的岩石骨架,为早期生成原油的滞留提供了良好的空间,也为后期油向气转化时形成并保持大量的有机质孔奠定了物质基础。(2)有机质孔和特殊裂缝是页岩气富集的重要保障。有机碳含量高的优质页岩,有机质孔也发育较多,页岩的含气量大,游离气所占的比例更高。特殊裂缝主要指页岩层理缝和小尺度裂缝。在层理面堆积的笔石和藻类等成烃生物促进了这类层理缝的发育。小尺度裂缝提高了页岩自身的储集空间和渗流能力,有利于页岩气的聚集和成藏。(3)适度抬升状态下的有效保存是富集的关键。构造变形和抬升剥蚀是一把双刃剑。如果变形与抬升剥蚀作用太强,地层的封闭保存系统会破坏,导致不论是常规还是非常规的油气系统完全或者部分失效。因抬升产生微裂缝但没有出现大的穿层裂缝或断裂,即表现为一种"裂而不破"的状态是最理想的。远离断裂尤其是通天断裂、具有一定埋深且地层平缓的地区页岩气保存条件良好。四川盆地内与周缘地区保存条件的差异,主要是由于燕山中期运动所控制的构造变形、沉降沉积与抬升剥蚀作用的差异性所决定的。四川盆地及周缘地区奥陶系五峰组-志留系龙马溪组页岩气有利富集区是位于富有机质黑色页岩厚度较大的深水陆棚沉积中心区、有机孔和微裂缝或页理发育的层段以及燕山期抬升时间晚且喜山期抬升幅度小区带所叠合的区域。

渭河流域关中段潜在蒸发量时空变化特征

根据渭河流域关中段11个主要代表气象站点1955~2012年逐日气象数据,以FAOPenman-Monteith公式得出潜在蒸发量,分析渭河流域关中段潜在蒸发量的时空变化特征。结果表明:1渭河流域关中段年平均潜在蒸发量在1 073.9~1 284.1 mm,流域内多年平均蒸发量随着海拔的降低逐渐增高。2夏季潜在蒸发量在327.6~547.2mm,占全年的34%~42%,变化趋势与全年潜在蒸发量变化趋势高度一致。3渭河关中段随气温上升,潜在蒸发量减少。4年均潜在蒸发量与日较差、平均气温、平均风速、日照时数呈正相关,与相对湿度和水汽压呈负相关。

江汉叠合盆地及邻区中生代以来盆山耦合数值模拟研究

江汉叠合盆地位于扬子地台中部,夹持于秦岭-大别及江南造山带中段之间。中生代以来,先后经历了北部陆陆碰撞、南部陆内挤压造山与断陷、裂陷成盆的演化历程,区域构造体制在中生代发生了重大转换,其中复合、联合了众多的地质现象;盆地历经的海盆、煤盆、盐盆、陆相广盆四个盆地世代详细记录有中国南北大陆联合及东北亚大陆构造体制转换的运动学过程,是认识欧亚大陆东部深层动力地质作用过程的关键地区之一。盆地沉积充填过程可简要概括为前陆、裂陷、坳陷三种基本样式。系统的盆山构造样式及运动学分析结果表明:叠合盆地前陆期发育于同碰撞-造山后作用阶段早期,断、坳陷期发育于造山后作用阶段晚期-非造山裂解阶段。本文运用大陆动力学数值模拟(FLAC软件)方法,从挤压和伸展两方面效验了山-盆演化分别受控于印支-早燕山期的华南与华北陆块的旋转碰撞造山,以及随后的晚燕山-喜山早期碰后陆内俯冲作用所产生的板片断离引起的地幔物质上升与对流作用,晚喜山期太平洋板块俯冲作用以及由此产生的地幔调整等三期动力学系统。为南方中小型叠合盆地动力学解析提供了一种新的思路与研究方法。

川南及邻区下志留统龙马溪组下段沉积相与页岩气地质条件的关系

在川南及邻区下志留统龙马溪组下段沉积相详细研究的基础上,结合偏光显微镜、X衍射及元素地球化学分析等,提出沉积相对页岩气地质条件的影响特征。研究发现：川南及邻区龙马溪组下段主要发育潮坪相和浅海陆棚相。局限滞留的缺氧还原环境、快速海侵形成的分层水体、适宜的沉积速率及较高的生物产率,造成了龙马溪组下段有机质富集,并以硅质型页岩为主,利于页岩气的富集与开发。隆起边缘的潮坪相沉积,为页岩气的非有利区;沉积中心的深水陆棚沉积区,主要发育碳质硅质页岩、碳质页岩与含粉砂含钙碳质页岩,为页岩气的有利区;砂泥质浅水陆棚含有较高的有机质,应为页岩气发育的次级有利区;灰泥质浅水陆棚主要发育＂钙质页岩＋含碳泥质灰岩＂,有机质含量相对较低,为页岩气的较不利发育区。

渭北旱塬区不同年限苜蓿对土壤主要养分及微生物量的影响

以渭北旱塬区生长年限为6年、11年、16年和21年的紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)人工草地为研究对象,天然草地为对照,通过研究土壤主要养分及微生物生物量的变化特征来揭示紫花苜蓿人工草地生长年限对渭北旱塬区土壤质量的影响。结果表明,种植紫花苜蓿能够显著改善土壤有机质、全氮、全磷及土壤微生物量C和N(P<0.05),且随种植年限的延长均呈先升后降的趋势,最高点出现在第11年。相关性分析表明,土壤养分与微生物生物量存在一定的相关性,而且微生物生物量可以更灵敏地反映土壤质量变化。综合考虑,渭北旱塬区紫花苜蓿人工草地在恢复11年后应当进行合理利用或进行其他人工干预以延长草地使用寿命。

重庆及其周缘地区下古生界页岩气资源勘探潜力

四川盆地经历了从震旦纪到中三叠世的克拉通和晚三叠世到新生代的前陆盆地2个构造演化过程,在克拉通盆地演化阶段主要发育一套巨厚的海相沉积。晚震旦世和中奥陶世开始的2次大规模海侵作用,在深水环境中沉积了下寒武统筇竹寺组、上奥陶统五峰组—下志留统龙马溪组2套黑色页岩。由于该盆地演化过程中复杂的构造变动,重庆及其周缘地区的区域构造主要以高幅抬升及强烈挤压为特点,下古生界埋藏浅、变形严重、破坏强烈,现今构造形态表现为高陡状褶皱,形成了与美国东部典型页岩气盆地相似的构造演化特点和地质条件。研究表明,该区具有页岩气富集的有利地质条件,是页岩气勘探研究值得关注的重要领域。采用体积法对该区下寒武统筇竹寺组、上奥陶统五峰组—下志留统龙马溪组页岩气资源量做了初步估算。结果表明:重庆及其周缘地区筇竹寺组页岩气资源量约为7.5×1012m3,五峰组—龙马溪组页岩气资源量约为11.5×1012m3,显示出该区巨大的页岩气资源勘探潜力。

渭河盆地及邻区重力异常小波多尺度分解与解释

基于EGM2008重力场模型计算获得了渭河盆地及邻区布格重力异常。采用小波多尺度分解方法对布格重力异常进行了4阶小波逼近和小波细节分解,同时基于平均径向对数功率谱方法定量化地计算出1~4阶小波细节和小波逼近所对应的场源平均埋深。结合区域地质和地震资料,对获得的重力场结果进行分析,得到如下结论:①鄂尔多斯地块、渭河盆地、秦岭造山带3个一级构造单元的布格重力异常之间存在明显差异;构造区内部重力异常也存在横向的显著差异。布格重力异常的走向、规模、分布特征与二级构造区及主要的断裂具有一定的对应关系。②渭河盆地及邻区布格重力异常1~4阶细节对应4~23 km不同深度的场源信息,鄂尔多斯地块南缘东、西部的地壳结构存在明显的差异;渭河盆地凹陷、凸起构造区边界清晰,断裂边界与重力异常边界具有较好的一致性;秦岭造山带重力异常连贯性不好,东、西部重力异常变化特征表现出明显的差异。③渭河盆地及邻区布格重力异常分布与莫霍面埋深具有非常明显的镜像关系。渭河盆地及邻区地震主要分布在六盘山—陇县—宝鸡断裂带、渭河断裂与渭南塬前断裂交汇处、韩城断裂与双泉—临猗断裂交汇处。渭河盆地及邻区重力异常主要由中上地壳剩余密度体所影响,这可能是该区地震以浅源地震为主的主要原因。

渭河盆地渭南段古三门湖的盐度估算

目的研究古三门湖的盐度数值。方法在渭河盆地渭南部分地区的古三门湖沉积地层中采集泥岩样品，分析了样品中的B元素，然后利用有关公式求得古三门湖的盐度。结果渭河盆地渭南段三门组盐度变化范围大致为1．66％～1．88％，游河组盐度变化范围大致为1．38％～2.06％。结论渭南段三门组为低盐度沉积，游河组为低盐度一半咸水沉积。

渭北旱塬区不同立地条件对紫花苜蓿产量的影响与通径分析

为了提高渭北旱塬区土地利用效率和紫花苜蓿高产栽培,对渭北旱塬区阴坡(东坡)和阳坡(西坡)紫花苜蓿生长状况进行了测定研究,并选取3个紫花苜蓿的性状进行简单相关、偏相关和通径系数分析。研究结果表明,在同一坡向不同坡位上,坡下部紫花苜蓿的产量和生理性状的生长状况都优于坡上部;在同一坡位不同坡向上,阴坡紫花苜蓿的生长状况优于阳坡,其中阴坡下部的生长状况最好,阳坡上部的生长状况最差。坡向对紫花苜蓿产量的影响大于坡位的影响。株高、分枝数和单茎重的简单相关系数均为极显著,但通径系数和决策系数差别较大。株高和分枝数对产量起主要直接作用,而单茎重对生物量的直接作用不甚明显,主要是通过株高和分枝数对生物量起间接作用。