Learning from socially driven frugal innovation to design the future of healthcare:A case of mobile Primary Health Center

Background and Aim:Despite their flaws,the low-cost but powerful economical solutions can ensure everyone has access to health.The main aim of this study is to extract characteristics of frugal innovation(FI)and social innovation(SI)for Primary Health Centers(PHCs)in low resource settings(LRS)for sustainable development.We will use the gained insights to design the mobile primary healthcare infrastructure using FI and SI strategies.There is a lack of methodology to design sustainable healthcare infrastructure for LRS.There is a gap in the literature about building sustainable infrastructure to provide basic healthcare facilities essential to the community.This article studies several factors necessary for designing sustainable infrastructure from the lens of FI,SI,and sustainability to develop a mobile healthcare infrastructure for last-mile people.Methods:Started with purposive sampled case studies to find out factors and criteria that most affect the success for an innovation to be frugal,social,and sustainable.The established criteria were used to design,develop,and deploy the mobile Primary Health Center(mPHC).Moving forward,we tested the system designed with stakeholders to gather insights.At this stage we found the feedback loop from the stakeholders and the role of interdisciplinary discussions between experts,medical officers,nurses,patient,and other staff of PHCs during the design,development,deployment,and test stage to be useful in taking design decisions efficiently.Results:The designed healthcare infrastructure of mPHC through the aspects of FI and SI proves to be efficient in providing key healthcare services to LRS.Conclusion:Focusing on essential capabilities and optimizing performance with technology,methodologies,and processes reduces costs in an innovation.Focus on socially inclusive and rebalancing power disparities,overcome societal challenges and improve human capabilities will create a sustainable and novel solution.

Business Process Analysis and Simulation: The Contact Center of a Public Health and Social Information Office

This article proposes a framework, called BP-M* which includes: 1) a methodology to analyze, engineer, restructure and implement business processes, and 2) a process model that extends the process diagram with the specification of resources that execute the process activities, allocation policies, schedules, times of activities, management of queues in input to the activities and workloads so that the same model can be simulated by a discrete event simulator. The BP-M* framework has been applied to a real case study, a public Contact Center which provides different typologies of answers to users’ requests. The simulation allows to study different system operating scenarios (“What-If” analysis) providing useful information for analysts to evaluate restructuring actions.

Review of China’s neighborhood center planning from the perspective of innovative social governance

The neighborhood center provides an implementation case for centralizing community service facilities and organizing service provision effectively,and has achieved community service improvement,which provides innovative methods for governance innovation.This paper summarizes the development process of neighborhood center planning in China,and analyzes related planning cases in Suzhou,Tianjin,Hangzhou,and Chengdu focusing on planning characteristics and operating mechanisms.Based on the case of Chongqing,it gives answer to key issues of the local application of neighborhood center planning concept.

Metaverse virtual social center for elderly communication in time of social distancing

Background The lack of social activities among the elderly due to physical limitations can result in loneliness and depression. The spread of COVID-19 has made it difficult for the elderly to conduct stable social activities, increasing feelings of loneliness. The metaverse is a virtual world that mirrors reality. This allows the elderly to overcome the constraints of reality and perform social activities stably and continuously, providing new ideas for alleviating loneliness. Methods By analyzing their needs, a virtual social center framework for the elderly was proposed in this study. In addition, a prototype system was designed according to this framework. The elderly can socialize in virtual reality with metaverse-related technologies and human–computer interaction tools. Additionally, a test was conducted jointly with the chief physician of the geriatric rehabilitation department of a tertiary hospital. Results The results demonstrated that the mental state of the elderly who had used the virtual social center was significantly better than that of those who had not used it. Conclusions Thus, virtual social centers can help relieve loneliness and depression among the elderly with increasing global epidemics and an aging society. Hence,they have promotional value.

Spatial-temporal characteristics of the coupling coordination of social security and economic development in China during 2002–2018

Clarifying the relationship between social security and economic development is helpful to realize the sustainable social security system and the stable function of sustainable economic development.In this paper,the entropy method,coupling coordination degree,standard deviation ellipse model,and spatial autocorrelation were used to study the spatial-temporal characteristics of coupling coordination of social security and economic development in China from 2002 to 2018.The results indicate that the relationship between social security and economic development in China has been gradually strengthened in the process of mutual adaptation and common development.The benign interaction between the two was unstable,though the coupling coordination degree gradually transitioned to the primary coupling coordination type.Besides,from a spatial perspective,first,the coupling coordination degree of social security and economic development in China contracted in the east-west and north-south directions,and the coupling coordination clustered in the central region in this period;second,the coupling coordination degree generally presented a positive spatial autocorrelation,and regions with similar coupling coordination degrees were in a state of agglomeration;finally,the hot spots clumped together to form a continuous area in the eastern coastal area while the cold spots expanded toward the northwest and northeast.Furthermore,the random distribution areas exhibited a trend of contraction.

An Approach to Improve Quality of Life and Sustainability in the Centers of Old Cities

The centers of old cities have a special design with a unique urban fabric to record cultural messages with their current citizens or their visitors from the different regions of the city or from outside. It creates spaces that strongly promote social and cultural behavior. Meanwhile, life developments and the stunning technological acceleration along with high population densities have led to many problems for the old cities and their centers, which were not prepared to address these problems. Most of these problems have caused much visual deterioration and economic recession for the centers of old cities, which raise the importance of finding alternative and flexible solutions to prevent damage in urban performance, environmental pollution and lack of requirements that affect the quality of life. The paper aims to present a vision that opens up prospects for subsequent research contributions that may contribute to improving the quality of life, inspired by sustainability and humanization features. The research relies on an inductive analysis method to develop a framework that contributes to the restoration of the old centers for their role, their aesthetic value and their functional importance, while facilitating movement and supporting their valuable architectural features.

枢纽型社会组织高质量参与基层治理的影响因素与实现路径

在街镇社区层面,枢纽型社会组织在党和政府与一般性社会组织间扮演着枢纽桥梁角色,为增强基层治理效能提供了动力来源与创新载体。借助于上海市25个街镇级社会组织服务中心样本,本文采用模糊集定性比较分析方法,分析了经济发展水平、政府支持力度、社会组织互动、社会关系链接、组织硬件基础和组织软件条件等组合下枢纽型社会组织高质量参与基层治理的影响因素和实现路径。研究结果显示:(1)组织硬件基础是枢纽型社会组织高质量参与基层治理的必要条件;(2)枢纽型社会组织高质量参与基层治理具有资源赋能型、社会撬动型、复合推进型、内外协同型四种“殊途同归”的实现路径。本研究丰富了社会组织理论研究,研究结论可为地方因地制宜地推进枢纽型社会组织高质量参与基层治理提供有益的借鉴。

新时期完善我国以人民为中心的社会政策:目标、方向和主要任务

推进中国式现代化,实现全体人民共同富裕,对保障和改善民生提出了新要求,也带来了新挑战,需要以人民为中心改革和完善中国特色社会政策体系,坚持五个基本方向:一是高度重视和充分满足人民群众在各个方面日益增长的基本需要;二是切实帮助不同群体抵御各种新的风险;三是帮助人民群众提升自身能力;四是兼顾人民群众的眼前利益和长远利益;五是协调不同群体的利益矛盾。现阶段的重要任务是要让人民群众以主体的身份更多地参与到社会政策的制定和执行过程之中,合理提升总体福利水平和资源投入水平,不断优化社会政策的结构,进一步提高社会政策的公平性,切实推动积极的社会政策,形成社会建设与经济发展协调共进的良好局面。

社会网络分析视角下的工业遗产空间改造策略——以三邻桥社区中心项目为例

随着城市扩张速度的减慢,城市工业遗产的改造成为了一个新的研究方向,对工业遗产建筑现有空间进行合理再利用是改造项目中的一大要点。工业建筑改造过程中存在功能布局、空间可达性、空间序列多样性三个客观问题亟需解决,以上海三邻桥社区中心改造项目为例,使用社会网络分析法对三邻桥厂区空间的相关指标进行分析,提出针对性的优化策略。通过对改造后的空间重新构建空间网络模型再次分析验证了厂区的空间结构得到优化。利用社会网络分析法为将工业遗产建筑改造为公共建筑提出了空间方面的策略,可以为类似的项目提供参考。

中学历史教育研究2023年度报告——基于2023年《复印报刊资料·中学历史、地理教与学》转载历史教育论文的分析

2023年度《复印报刊资料·中学历史、地理教与学》转载发表的中学历史教育类成果,集中反映了年度研究基本概况:历史课程功能研究具体化、历史教学理论研究实践化、历史教学改革研究综合化、历史教科书及其运用研究融通化、历史学科试题及命制研究素养化、历史课程核心素养研究过程化、历史教育国际比较研究价值化、历史教师职业素养研究需要强化。面对未来挑战,历史教育理论、课程改革、历史学习、教师教育研究需要深化。

青藏高原东北缘濒危马麝迁地保育种群繁殖成效与社会性和社会网络的关系

麝类驯养是濒危马麝(Moschus chrysogaster)迁地保育及保障药用麝香安全的重要方式,其前提和基础是深入了解制约迁地保育马麝繁殖成效的关键因素及与社会性和社会网络特征的关系。于2022年7月1日—8月31日期间,采用焦点取样和所有事件记录法对位于青藏高原东北缘的甘肃平凉马麝繁育中心的21头成年雌麝进行了社会性行为取样,辅以同期粪样类固醇代谢物水平检测,分析了马麝的繁殖成效与社会性、社会网络及粪样类固醇激素水平的关系。结果显示,马麝的社会性与繁殖成效间呈显著相关(r=0.551,P<0.05),与粪样皮质醇代谢物水平呈显著负相关(r=-0.437,P<0.05),与粪样雌二醇代谢物浓度相关不显著(r=0.066,P>0.05);强社会性马麝的皮质醇水平((10.75±0.99)ng/g)和雌二醇代谢物水平((6.61±0.79)ng/g)与弱社会性马麝((13.70±1.68,5.20±0.99)ng/g)无显著差异(P>0.05);繁殖成功雌麝的社会性(19.86±1.88)%)显著高于繁殖失败雌麝(12.38±1.46)%)(P<0.05);圈群社会网络密度与圈群个体的繁殖成效相关显著(r=0.762,P<0.05),与粪样皮质醇、雌二醇代谢物浓度相关不显著(r=-0.355,P>0.05;r=-0.347,P>0.05);繁殖成功雌麝的粪样皮质醇代谢物浓度((10.31±0.86)ng/g)略低于繁殖失败雌麝((13.98±1.60)ng/g)(r=-0.420,P=0.058),繁殖成功雌麝的粪样雌二醇代谢物浓度((6.63±0.90)ng/g)与繁殖失败雌麝((4.78±0.76)ng/g)无显著相关(r=0.299,P>0.05)。本研究结果表明,在群居性的迁地保育和驯养环境下,雌性马麝的社会性、社会网络属性可以预测个体的繁殖成效,即社会性和社会网络密度较高圈群中的雌麝的繁殖成效相对较高。濒危马麝保育和驯养实践中,可区分麝类驯养为“保育性驯养”和“商业性驯养”。在保育性驯养中,可采用先群居再独居驯养的模式,尽量保持野外放归马麝的自然行为结构;在商业性养殖中,可采用群居驯养模式,提升驯养麝的社会性,实现较高的繁殖成效和驯养生产力。

罗切斯特社区中心与学校社会功能的拓展

20世纪初,罗切斯特社区中心开拓了一种新型的人际交往方式,使公立学校成为不同文化背景群体的交流阵地。罗切斯特社区中心是社区中心运动的先导,它充分利用现有学校建筑,推动了移民美国化进程。国内少有学者对该中心进行个案研究,美国学者虽有涉及该中心的研究,但很少有学者关注该中心在拓展学校社会功能,促使学校转型方面的贡献。本文在现有史料的基础上,以个案研究的形式,结合罗切斯特社区中心的发展过程,探究社区中心对公立学校发展产生的影响。研究认为,学校作为社区中心拓展了学校的社会功能,使得学校与社会的联系更加紧密,重塑了学校形象。

党建引领城市社区治理的中国情境——基于南京市Q区社区治理创新的观察

改革开放以来,我国城市社区日益走向陌生化和个体化,对此亟须建构合乎新时代需求的城市社区治理模式,进而实现“共建共治共享”的治理体系。从健全城市社区治理体系的视角出发,江苏省南京市Q区“两赋两强”和“双做双增”治理实践的案例研究表明:Q区通过基层党建的“红色赋能”引领城市社区治理创新改革,推进知行共建、情理联结、人民至上的治理探索,实现价值赋能、机制赋能、组织赋能三个赋能层次的发展进路,构筑理念认同、协同互惠、社会信任的“强关系”型社会生活共同体。在中国情境下依托党建引领社区治理助推城市社区重构新时代“熟人社会”的创新路径,为赋能特大城市的基层社区治理提供了可资借鉴的样本。

2017—2023年我国历史教材研究热点的回顾与前瞻——基于人大复印报刊资料的分析

通过对2017-2023年《复印报刊资料·中学历史、地理教与学》全文转载的历史教材论文进行整理和分析,发现我国历史教材研究热点主要有重大主题教育在历史教材中的体现、历史教材的结构分析、统编初中历史教材的编写与使用、统编高中历史教材的编写与使用、国外历史教材等。基于研究现状,建议未来历史教材的研究加强以下五方面的探讨:重大主题教育进历史教材的深入研究、历史教材的习题研究、历史教材的评价研究、新版统编初中历史教材研究、历史教材使用的实证研究。

县级融媒体中心应对突发性社会事件的舆论引导策略

县级融媒体处于我国“四级办”传媒格局中的“神经末梢”,是新闻传播的“最后一公里”,具有贴近基层、贴近群众的优势,是做好党的新闻舆论工作的重要依托。突发性社会事件因其特有的震撼性、时间性、负向性、社会性与不可预料性等特征,必将对社会多领域产生重大影响,因而对其进行适时、适度、有效的舆论引导尤为必要。在突发性社会事件中,要使党和政府的声音及时传递到基层群众中,并使人民的呼声能够及时反馈,县级融媒体应跟上时代的变化和技术的变迁,创新内容生产方式,注重思维变革,加强传受互动,切实增强群众的认同度、信任度和喜爱度,才能不断提升传播力、影响力和公信力,最终在广阔的县级舆论场形成强大的引导力。

基层治理中行政与自治耦合的路径——“场域—惯习”框架下J街道社会工作服务中心的实践分析

行政与自治在长期的博弈中走向耦合是基层治理现代化的应然选择,而实现行政与自治耦合的路径探析尚不充分。J街道社会工作服务中心的实践蕴含行政与自治耦合的行为逻辑,通过构建“场域—惯习”框架分析其作用逻辑发现:行政属性赋能、自治属性嵌入的社会工作服务中心,使社区治理场域中“规则”“利益”“关系”场域发生变化,形塑“行政任务对接居民需求”“规范议事协商”“多元联合共治”的惯习。与此同时,社会工作服务中心通过培育主体“认同归属”“契约责任”惯习,重塑“熟人社区”,形成全方位规范制度。社会工作服务中心的本体属性和工作机制为实现行政与自治耦合、推动我国基层治理现代化提供了有益参考。

智能社会的心理影响与研究展望

人工智能不仅是新技术新工具,也是社会情境中超越生命的新社会主体。随着人工智能主体与人类主体相互建构、共同进化,人类社会也正在由信息社会迈向智能社会。为了分析智能社会的心理影响,智能社会心理学应运而生。从研究范畴来看,除了当前热门的人机交互场景,所有应用场景都应纳入考量,因为人工智能不与人直接交互时也会产生心理影响。从研究路径来看,以人工智能觉知作为研究变量并进行操纵,有助于挖掘人工智能与社会心理之间跨越时间和情境的联系。从研究目标来看,一是在算法中融入社会心理学知识,旨在构建符合人类期望、促进人类福祉的人工智能;二是既要让人工智能的大部分任务表现达到人类水平,又要让人类智能保持独一无二的优势。

智慧社区体育中心韧性治理的逻辑进路、现实审视与纾解路径

智慧社区体育中心韧性治理是社会治理创新与数字技术的互动融合,是推进基层体育治理的必然遵循与时代要求。运用文献资料、实地考察等方法,在系统阐释智慧社区体育中心韧性治理理论内涵的基础上,明晰以推动治理体系和治理能力现代化为发展目标,以服务人民和技术革新为发展原则,以治理精准化、智能化、现代化为发展方向的逻辑进路。针对政策制定及执行失范、治理主体互动匮乏、公众参与意识淡薄、智慧化建设缓慢、场地设施供需失衡等现实困境。从构建制度韧性、优化组织韧性、激发社会韧性、革新技术韧性、巩固空间韧性等五个维度提出纾解路径。

政府如何为社会治理搭台?——基于多边平台理论的跨案例研究

在平台时代,政府搭台如火如荼。但政府如何为社会治理搭建多边平台,学界则缺乏针对性研究。为此基于多边平台理论,通过对社区社工服务中心的跨案例研究,归纳政府搭建多边公共平台的机理与进路。治权开放是政府搭台的前提,设置创价关卡并赋权释能是搭建平台的基础,召集多边用户并形成互动合作的价值网络是政府搭台的关键。提供平台基础设施往往是政府搭台的必选关卡,激发网络效应是吸引用户进驻平台的重要策略,平台思维直接影响政府搭台的路径选择。政府有责任为社会治理搭建多边平台,履行着提供基本要素、召集多边用户、授予治理权力、安排治理规则等职责。

根据地司法对风俗习惯的甄别、援用及其逻辑

为实现根据地的有效治理,根据地司法机关对当地的风俗习惯进行甄别,并根据甄别结果作出相应处理。有的风俗习惯得到援用,或作为判决中的民事法源,或在案件的事实查明、法律发现、价值权衡、裁判论证等方面发挥作用;有的风俗习惯则在甄别后被拒绝援用。根据地司法甄别风俗习惯时所秉持的逻辑,既遵循马克思主义认可习惯法权的立场,也对移风易俗的必要性和社会资源成本进行了考量。甄别援用风俗习惯需要司法者遵循唯物辩证法的司法方法论,人民司法的若干特征也因此而形成。