There are very serious water and sediment problems in the irrigated areas of northwest Shandong Province. In upper reaches of the irrigated area, the Yellow River water are widely used for farmland watering while leav...There are very serious water and sediment problems in the irrigated areas of northwest Shandong Province. In upper reaches of the irrigated area, the Yellow River water are widely used for farmland watering while leaving the ground water unusedion. But in the lower reaches, there is not enough surface water to be channeled for irrigation, so the ground water has always been over extracted, in some parts of the lower reaches, the descending water table caused the formation of funnel. Siltation in canals are very difficult to be cleared up, the drop of agriculture yield in the sandy land close to the channel head and along the main channels impair the living conditions of the local people. The conflicts between the excessive dependence on the Yellow River and the decreasing tendancy of water amount provided by the Yellow Ricer forces the local government to find new ways to solve the water resource problems. The answer could be: Using new technique for the irrigated system, pay more attention to the ground water development, and the construction and maintenance of wells.展开更多
为进一步提高黄河南岸灌区水氮利用效率,实现农田水肥深度节约的目标,于2023年在鄂尔多斯市杭锦旗吉日嘎朗图镇开展了滴灌条件水氮调控试验,研究了滴灌条件下不同水氮处理对玉米产量及水氮利用效率的影响并进行了水氮用量优化。结果表明...为进一步提高黄河南岸灌区水氮利用效率,实现农田水肥深度节约的目标,于2023年在鄂尔多斯市杭锦旗吉日嘎朗图镇开展了滴灌条件水氮调控试验,研究了滴灌条件下不同水氮处理对玉米产量及水氮利用效率的影响并进行了水氮用量优化。结果表明:同一灌水条件下,中氮处理玉米产量较低氮处理增加23.3%、水分利用效率增加7.14%、氮肥偏生产力降低18.3%,较高氮处理玉米产量增加2.8%、水分利用效率增加7.7%、氮肥偏生产力增加38.1%。同一施肥条件下,中水处理玉米产量较低水处理增加37.1%、水分利用效率增加26.1%、氮肥偏生产力增加16.6%,较高水处理玉米产量增加12.8%、水分利用效率增加38.3%、氮肥偏生产力增加12.9%。建立灌水量、施氮量与玉米产量、水分利用效率、氮肥偏生产力之间的三组回归模型,通过寻优得到三组水氮区间并取交集,获得同时满足高产、高水氮利用效率的全生育期水氮总用量优化区间为1800~2046 m ^(3)·hm^(-2)与210~249.2 kg·hm^(-2)。引用以Jensen模型为基础的水氮生产函数对生育期水氮总用量优化区间进行了各生育期分配,合理分配了滴灌条件下各生育期水氮制度。研究成果可为沿黄南岸灌区玉米种植水肥管理模式和方案提供参考。展开更多
文摘There are very serious water and sediment problems in the irrigated areas of northwest Shandong Province. In upper reaches of the irrigated area, the Yellow River water are widely used for farmland watering while leaving the ground water unusedion. But in the lower reaches, there is not enough surface water to be channeled for irrigation, so the ground water has always been over extracted, in some parts of the lower reaches, the descending water table caused the formation of funnel. Siltation in canals are very difficult to be cleared up, the drop of agriculture yield in the sandy land close to the channel head and along the main channels impair the living conditions of the local people. The conflicts between the excessive dependence on the Yellow River and the decreasing tendancy of water amount provided by the Yellow Ricer forces the local government to find new ways to solve the water resource problems. The answer could be: Using new technique for the irrigated system, pay more attention to the ground water development, and the construction and maintenance of wells.
文摘为进一步提高黄河南岸灌区水氮利用效率,实现农田水肥深度节约的目标,于2023年在鄂尔多斯市杭锦旗吉日嘎朗图镇开展了滴灌条件水氮调控试验,研究了滴灌条件下不同水氮处理对玉米产量及水氮利用效率的影响并进行了水氮用量优化。结果表明:同一灌水条件下,中氮处理玉米产量较低氮处理增加23.3%、水分利用效率增加7.14%、氮肥偏生产力降低18.3%,较高氮处理玉米产量增加2.8%、水分利用效率增加7.7%、氮肥偏生产力增加38.1%。同一施肥条件下,中水处理玉米产量较低水处理增加37.1%、水分利用效率增加26.1%、氮肥偏生产力增加16.6%,较高水处理玉米产量增加12.8%、水分利用效率增加38.3%、氮肥偏生产力增加12.9%。建立灌水量、施氮量与玉米产量、水分利用效率、氮肥偏生产力之间的三组回归模型,通过寻优得到三组水氮区间并取交集,获得同时满足高产、高水氮利用效率的全生育期水氮总用量优化区间为1800~2046 m ^(3)·hm^(-2)与210~249.2 kg·hm^(-2)。引用以Jensen模型为基础的水氮生产函数对生育期水氮总用量优化区间进行了各生育期分配,合理分配了滴灌条件下各生育期水氮制度。研究成果可为沿黄南岸灌区玉米种植水肥管理模式和方案提供参考。
