Cultivation Path of Nursing Undergraduates’Scientific Research and Innovation Ability

Objective: The cultivation of the innovation ability and scientific research is one of the nursing learning objectives for undergraduate students. To explore the method and effect of training system of scientific research innovation ability of nursing undergraduates based on “3332”. Methods: Three course learning modules are constructed: stage-based course learning module, systematic project practice training module and comprehensive practice training module. A practical training platform for scientific research innovation projects is built, and undergraduate scientific research innovation ability training is carried out from both in-class and out-of-class lines. Results: Since 2017, the students have obtained 7 national innovation and entrepreneurship training programs, 52 university-level undergraduate scientific research projects, published more than 10 academic papers, and obtained 2 patent authorization. Conclusions: The training system of scientific research innovation ability of nursing undergraduates based on “3332” is conducive to the development of scientific research innovation ability of nursing students, and to cultivate nursing talents who can adapt to the development of the new era and have better post competence.

Exploration of Scientific Research Mentorship on the Cultivation of Undergraduate Students Innovation Ability

In order to improve the quality of undergraduate training and cultivate students innovation ability,more and more colleges and universities are implementing the research mentorship system among undergraduates.The study summarizes the main role of mentorship on the cultivation of innovation ability,analyzes the problems in the implementation of mentorship,and proposes corresponding solutions.

Cultivation Path of Nursing Undergraduates’ Scientific Research and Innovation Ability

Objective:The cultivation of the innovation ability and scientific research is one of the nursing learning objectives for undergraduate students.To explore the method and effect of training system of scientific research innovation ability of nursing undergraduates based on“3332”.Methods:Three course learning modules are constructed:stage-based course learning module,systematic project practice training module and comprehensive practice training module.A practical training platform for scientific research innovation projects is built,and undergraduate scientific research innovation ability training is carried out from both in-class and out-of-class lines.Results:Since 2017,the students have obtained 7 national innovation and entrepreneurship training programs,52 university-level undergraduate scientific research projects,published more than 10 academic papers,and obtained 2 patent authorization.Conclusions:The training system of scientific research innovation ability of nursing undergraduates based on“3332”is conducive to the development of scientific research innovation ability of nursing students,and to cultivate nursing talents who can adapt to the development of the new era and have better post competence.

The ability of modern secretary

Modern secretaries need to master a lot of oldand new skills including some required skills and some modernabilities.And secretaries in modern offices also have to mastersome special skills to be supportive to their bosses.

Observation of the effect of one-to-one education on high-risk cases of diabetic foot

BACKGROUND Diabetes is a common chronic disease,and its global incidence is on the rise.The disease is directly attributed to insufficient insulin efficacy/secretion,and patients are often accompanied by multiple complications.Diabetic foot is one of the most common complications of diabetes.Diabetic feet have ulcers and infections,which can eventually lead to amputation.Basic nursing care,such as lowering blood pressure and preventing foot skin infections in clinical nursing work,has positive significance for the prevention and control of diabetic feet.AIM To explore the positive significance of one-to-one education in high-risk cases of diabetic foot.METHODS This observation included 98 high-risk cases of diabetic foot in our hospital during the period from August 2017 to October 2019,and these patients were randomly divided into the basic nursing group and the one-to-one education group with 49 patients per group.The basic nursing group only received routine basic nursing,while the one-to-one education group gave patients one-to-one education on the basis of basic nursing.After nursing,the self-care ability and compliance behavior of the two groups were evaluated and compared between these two groups.The knowledge mastery of the patient and the satisfaction of nursing were accounted.RESULTS The assessment results of patients(self-care responsibility,self-care skills,selfconcept and self-care knowledge)were significantly higher in the one-to-one education group than in the basic nursing group.The scores of compliance behaviors(foot bathing,shoes and socks selection,sports health care)in the oneto-one education group were significantly higher than those in the basic nursing group.Patients in the one-to-one education group had a significantly higher level of knowledge mastery and satisfaction of nursing than the basic nursing group.CONCLUSION One-to-one education for high-risk cases of diabetic foot is helpful to improve the cognition and self-care ability of patients with diabetic foot,to ensure that patients follow the doctor’s advice of self-care and to improve their nursing satisfaction.

Research Team of English Teaching in Our School

This paper mainly discusses how to form a successful research team of English teaching by setting the author's own research team as an example.In the author's opinion,there are four steps to form a successful research team:forming,storming,norming,and performing.The author also believes that their successful experiences can also be applied to improve the students' other English skills,such as speaking.

阿什里德培训模式在耳鼻咽喉科护理科研培训中的应用效果

目的探讨阿什里德培训模式在耳鼻咽喉科护理科研培训中的应用效果,以改进护理科研培训方法和提高临床护士科研能力。方法选择医院耳鼻咽喉科2018年1月—2019年12月参加培训的79名临床护士作为对照组,采用常规护理科研培训方法;另选取2020年1月—2021年12月参加培训的70名临床护士作为观察组,将阿什里德培训模式的离散阶段、整合阶段、聚焦阶段融入科研培训过程,成立科室护理科研项目管理小组,设计各阶段科研培训方案,在不同阶段赋予不同培训内容和重点。采用t检验比较两组的科研氛围、科研能力、科研压力、科研焦虑及科研绩效等自评指标均数值。结果两组护士的科研压力、科研焦虑、科研能力及科研绩效组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。培训后,两组护士的科研氛围、科研能力及科研绩效评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);而两组护士的科研压力和科研焦虑评分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论基于阿什里德培训模式设计的科研培训方案能营造临床科室科研氛围、提高护士科研能力和科研绩效,为改进护理科研培训提供有效的方法。

产研赛与导师制多育并举人才培养模式探索

面对新一轮的科技革命和产业变革,培养创新应用型化工人才是适应国家重大战略发展的重要任务。重庆大学化学化工学院以“提升人才培养质量”为目标,积极探索、大胆尝试,从人、财、物三个方面推进人才培养创新实践,提出全程导师制与“产研赛”平台多育并举的人才培养模式,培养敢于担当、综合素质优秀、理工基础扎实、工程实践和创新能力强的化工领军人才。经过实践探索,该人才培养模式以学生为中心融合导师与平台,提升学生对专业的认知,增强学生的使命感,培养学生的创新能力和实践能力,具有一定的推广示范效果。

以“学”为中心的问题式实验教学改革

基础化学实验不仅可以验证化学理论和训练实验技能,更应注重学生分析问题、解决问题能力的提升。针对基础学科拔尖学生的培养,我们本着因材施教的理念,开展了基础化学实验课程的教学内容、知识体系、教学方法的改革和实践。通过构建以“学”为中心、问题为导向的教学模式,系统提升实验教学在人才培养中的效果和作用。

依托科研平台的生物类专业本科生创新能力培养路径研究与实践

针对生物类专业本科生创新能力培养缺乏系统性的问题,开展依托于科研平台的本科生创新能力培养路径研究,构建较为完善的培养体系。通过多途径畅通对接渠道,与研究生合作学习大型仪器设备的使用和相关实验技能,参与实验室学术研讨;以教师科研课题、大学生创新创业项目、生物学科竞赛、中小学生科普为训练载体,有效增加本科生科研论文和学科竞赛等科研成果的产出。这些训练提升其根据文献发现问题并设计实验验证和解决问题的思维和意识,进而有效地提高生物类专业本科生科研创新能力。

新建本科院校中研究性社团人才培养模式探索与实践

以新建本科院校为研究对象,探讨研究性社团在人才培养中的作用和价值。通过对研究性社团(智能计算社团)的五年培养实践,发现其在提升学生综合素质、培养学生创新精神、提高实践能力和加强团队协作能力等方面具有显著效果。最后,根据研究性社团人才培养过程产生的问题,提出具体的实践策略。这些实践策略,对于新建本科院校的人才培养具有重要的参考价值。

基于POA+PEE方法提升民族高校医学生科研能力的应用

当前,传统的教学模式很难达到培养医学生科学思维和科研创新能力的教学目的,要突破传统教学的单向输出模式,需要寻找新的教学模式。本文就当前医学生科研能力培养模式存在的问题及不足简要分析,并提出基于产出导向法(production oriented approach,POA)+药理学探索性实验(pharmacology exploratory experiment,PEE)相结合新的模式,教师需要充当“引领者”,以“驱动、促成、评价”的组织形式,指导学生围绕特定主题进行资料收集、实验方案设计、实验具体的实施、完成论文写作。在教学过程中不仅能引导学生关注学术热点及前沿问题,还能扩展学生科研思维、培养科学探索欲及创新性,并且提高学生的文献整合及实验动手能力。文章所采取的医学生科研能力提升的实践路径,可行性高,并结合了民族地区高校自身优势和特点,提出具体的实施路径和策略。

依托化工特色科研平台培养新工科化学专业人才双创实践能力

依托化工特色科研平台—吉林省精细化工重点实验室,培养新工科化学专业人才双创实践能力。包括:进行“大化工”交叉学科的基础技能培训,夯实双创实践基础;以学生为中心,以企事业单位需求为导向,培养双创实践能力;建立健全创新创业教育课程体系,构建双创教育的培养模式。通过以上培养模式的构建,提升了学生创新创业实践能力,培养更适应企事业发展需求的新工科化学专业人才。

高职院校跨专业组织科研创新能力及其提升策略——基于18所高职院校的实证调研分析

构建跨专业组织是高职院校回应社会现实问题重大关切,推进有组织科研的重要举措,有利于促进高职院校科研创新能力的提升。基于高职院校教师的结构化访谈和跨专业行为问卷调查发现,当前我国高职院校跨专业研究仍处在创建和发展阶段,面临的主要障碍是管理体制不合理等问题。跨专业组织管理与运行机制、跨专业活动文化氛围和产学政研合作关系等特征要素对科研创新能力具有显著的正向影响;高特征水平高职院校的科研创新能力显著高于低特征水平院校。据此,高职院校应精准定位组织目标,科学布局跨专业组织发展;加快组织结构变革,构建高效的跨专业组织运行机制;营造支持性组织环境,激发跨专业组织创新活力。

研究生数据素养对科研创新能力的影响研究

数据素养是研究生开展学术研究的关键,是培养研究生科研创新能力的基础。本研究以硕士研究生为对象,运用结构方程模型(SEM)展开实证研究,构建研究生数据素养对科研创新能力的影响模型。结果表明:(1)研究生数据素养5个变量对科研创新能力产生正向显著的影响;(2)数据分析应用能力和数据获取能力对研究生科研素养具有较强的正向影响效应,影响系数分别为0.63和0.57;(3)数据处理能力(0.36)和数据意识(0.25)对研究生的科研创新能力具有较弱的正向影响效应。根据研究结果,提出如下建议:构建意识驱动、数据实践、伦理守门三位一体的培养引导机制;塑造学校数据文化,构建完善的数据素养课程体系;完善数据资源设施,优化研究生科研创新平台等重要建议,促进研究生数据素养和科研创新能力提升。

全科医学和初级保健横断面研究的基本设计和实施步骤

横断面研究是经典的研究设计方法之一,在临床各个专业中均有广泛的应用。在全科医学研究中大量科学问题的解答采用了横断面研究设计。这其中不仅包括了对人群健康特征,疾病特征或卫生服务现状的调查研究,还包括了面向社区人群的疾病筛查诊断方法构建等多种研究场景。在全科医学领域中,横断面研究可以做现况描述和比较分析,关联因素分析以及社区筛查诊断方法探索。开展横断面研究应包括研究设计和研究实施两个阶段,研究设计包括准确提炼研究目标,明确研究人群,研究因素及结局指标等临床要素以及确定样本获取方式,明确样本量的确定依据及合理的统计分析策略等方法学要素。研究实施,则需要通过完备的研究方案和病例报告表呈现研究设计思路,在伦理批准的前提下开展数据收集工作,同时注重数据管理工作质量并严格执行方案中的统计分析方法,求证医学问题。横断面研究的特点是相比于随访观察研究所需要的研究周期相对较短,不同基础的研究团队都能找到适合的研究方向,通过了解健康医疗现状,从探讨关联因素创建筛查方法等角度,服务社区医疗。

“人工智能+X”背景下医学生科研创新能力培养探究

在新时代人工智能背景下,“人工智能+医疗”复合型人才的需求不断增加,本研究对医学生教育培养现状进行了分析,从个性化培养、多元融合培养、科研团队协作、多学科实践向导等层面提出了“人工智能+X”医学生科研创新能力培养模式及应用构架,并对该模式的实践应用进行了探讨,为实现人工智能对医学教学的赋能和改革提供思路。

过氧化物酶的固定及同工酶鉴定综合实验设计

酶学原理及应用是生物化学课程的一个重点和难点内容,具有很强的理论性和实用性。为了提高学生对酶学知识的综合理解及应用能力,在生物化学实验教学中设计了“过氧化物酶的固定及同工酶鉴定”综合性实验项目。该综合实验将酶的重点内容进行了有机整合,着重设计了酶的制备、活性测定、酶学性质(米氏常数及稳定性)表征、酶的固定化和同工酶鉴定5个实验环节。通过深度参与、统筹实施,提升学生分析及解决实际问题的能力,取得了很好的教学效果。

评估医疗机构救治严重产后出血能力的质性访谈

目的:探讨医疗机构救治严重产后出血能力的现状和评估指标,为进一步建立不同级别医疗机构救治能力评估体系、规范救治流程及完善分级诊疗和转诊体系提供依据和建议。方法:于2022年2—11月采用目的抽样法选取35名基层医院医护人员及30名三级医院医护人员共65名为研究对象,进行严重产后出血救治能力相关质性半结构化访谈。依据扎根理论法,应用质性分析软件Nvivo11析出概念类属和核心主题,总结目前不同级别医疗机构救治严重产后出血中存在的问题。结果:析出严重产后出血救治能力相关44个初始概念、21个副概念及4个核心主题,围绕4个核心主题构建了不同级别医疗机构严重产后出血救治能力评估指标池。目前医疗机构救治严重产后出血时存在不同程度的设施设备及药品不足、人员配备未达要求、救治技术熟练度欠佳及救治流程不规范的问题。结论:鉴于医疗机构严重产后出血救治能力参差不齐且无统一评估标准,初步形成了救治能力评估指标池,建议各级医院根据指标池,进一步规范救治流程及完善分级诊疗和转诊体系,以期提高严重产后出血的救治能力。