Effect of Selenium on Root Oxidizing Ability and Yield of Rice under Ferrous Stress

To study the effects of selenium on root oxidizing ability and yield of rice under ferrous stress, a pot culture experiment was conducted, the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and the concentration of malonaldelyde (MDA) were determined. The root oxidizing ability and yield characters of rice were examined. Results showed that appropriate amount of Se enhanced the activity of glutathione peroxidase and the oxidizing ability of rice roots significantly, reduced the concentration of MDA, increased 1000-grain weight of rice, F = 26.96**, decreased empty and blighted grain rate, increased the rice yield, F = 11.53**, and enhanced the rice resistance under ferrous stress.

Effects of Selenium on Lipid Peroxidation and Oxidizing Ability of Rice Roots under Ferrous Stress

Water culture experiment was conducted to study the effects of selenium(Se) on glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) activity,reduced glutathione(GSH) concentration and the accumulation of malonaldehyde(MDA),the product of lipid peroxidation in rice seedling,as well as the effect of se on oxidizing ability of roots under ferrous stress.Results showed that appropriate amount of se significantly increased GSH-Px activity in rice leaves,F=5.5 *,enhanced the amount of GSH and oxidizing ability of roots and reduced the concentration of MDA,F=4.9 *.Compared with Se0+Fe treatment,Se treatments increased the dry matter weight of rice seedling from 10.06% to 10.43%,F=4.09 *.

Effects of selenium source and level on growth performance, antioxidative ability and meat quality of broilers

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of selenium(Se) source and level on growth performance, carcass traits, antioxidative ability and meat quality of broilers. A total of 320 one-d-old Arbor Acres commercial broilers were randomly assigned to 1 of 5 treatments with 8 replicates in a completely randomized design involving a 2×2 factorial arrangement of treatments plus one Se-unsupplemented basal diet control for 42 d. The two Se sources were sodium selenite and Se yeast, and the two supplemental Se levels were 0.20 and 0.40 mg Se kg^–1. The results showed that broilers fed the Se-supplemented diets had higher(P<0.05) average daily gain and average daily feed intake from 22 to 42 d of age, eviscerated yield and abdominal fat percentages, Se concentrations and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) activities in breast and thigh muscles on d 42, and lower(P<0.05) feed/gain from 1 to 21 and 22 to 42 d of age, mortality from 22 to 42 d of age and malondialdehyde(MDA) concentration in thigh muscle on d 42 than those fed the control diet. Broilers fed the diets supplemented with Se yeast had higher(P<0.05) p H value and lower(P<0.05) shear force in thigh muscle than those fed the diets supplemented with sodium selenite. Additionally, broilers fed the diets supplemented with 0.40 mg Se kg^–1 had lower(P<0.05) shear force in thigh muscle and higher(P<0.05) GSH-Px activities in breast and thigh muscles than those fed the diets supplemented with 0.20 mg Se kg^–1. Furthermore, broilers fed the diet supplemented with Se yeast at 0.40 mg Se kg^–1 had higher(P<0.05) Se concentrations in breast and thigh muscles than those fed the diet supplemented with Se yeast at 0.20 mg Se kg^–1, but no differences(P<0.05) were observed in these indices of broilers fed the diets supplemented with sodium selenite between 0.20 and 0.40 mg Se kg^–1. The results from the present study indicated that supplemental Se could increase the growth performance, muscle Se concentration and antioxidative ability of broilers;and the Se from Se yeast was more effective than the Se from sodium selenite in improving meat quality of broilers.

Effects of oxygen concentration and flow rate on cognitive ability and physiological responses in the elderly

The supply of highly concentrated oxygen positively affects cognitive processing in normal young adults. However, there have been few reports on changes in cognitive ability in elderly subjects following highly concentrated oxygen administration. This study investigated changes in cognitive ability, blood oxygen saturation （%）, and heart rate （beats/min） in normal elderly subjects at three different levels of oxygen [21% （1 L/min）, 93% （1 L/min）, and 93% （5 L/min）] administered during a 1-back task. Eight elderly male （75.3 ＋ 4.3 years old） and 10 female （71.1 ＋ 3.9 years old） subjects, who were normal in cognitive ability as shown by a score of more than 24 points in the Mini-Mental State Examination-Korea, participated in the experiment. The experiment consisted of an adaptation phase after the start of oxygen administration （3 minutes）, a control phase to obtain stable baseline measurements of heart rate and blood oxygen saturation before the task （2 minutes） and a task phase during which the 1-back task was performed （2 minutes）. Three levels of oxygen were administered throughout the three phases （7 minutes）. Blood oxygen saturation and heart rate were measured during each phase. Our results show that blood oxygen saturation increased, heart rate decreased, and response time in the 1-back task decreased as the concentration and amount of administered oxygen increased. This shows that administration of sufficient oxygen for optimal cognitive functioning increases blood oxygen saturation and decreases heart rate.

On the hydro－spectrum of deep wells and the response ability of well－aquifer system

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Comparative Study on Natural Selenium-enriching Ability of 7 Main Cultivars of Pueraria lobata

[Objectives]To screen out the selenium-enriched Pueraria lobata varieties suitable for cultivation in Guangxi according to the natural selenium-enriching ability of 7 main cultivars.[Methods]Taking 7 main cultivars of P.lobata in different places as experimental materials,field cultivation was carried out on the selenium-enriched yellow soil in Shanglin County,Nanning City of Guangxi,to study the difference in selenium-enriching ability of different main cultivars and the comparison of selenium content in different parts,as well as the transport mechanism.[Results]Under the condition of soil selenium content of 0.78 mg/kg,the selenium content of the root tubers of the 7 main cultivars all reached the selenium-enrichment standard.The selenium content of a single root tuber of Heping Variety in Teng County,Guangxi was the highest,at 0.061 mg/kg;Guifenge No.1 was the second at 0.055 mg/kg,and the total selenium accumulation per unit area was the largest.The ranking of selenium content in different parts of the same variety was:leaf>vine>head>root tuber.[Conclusions]Guifenge No.1 has the highest yield and the largest total selenium accumulation,so it is the most suitable natural selenium-enriched variety for cultivation.

Response Ability to External Signal Enhanced by Biological Spatial Configuration in Coupled Hindmarsh-Rose Neural System

The effect of realistic topology configuration of intercellular connections on the response ability in coupled cell system is numerically investigated by using the Hindmarsh-Rose model. For the proper coupling intensity, we set the control parameter to be near the critical value, and the external stimulus is introduced to the first cell in coupled system. It is found that, on one hand, when the cells are coupled with some proper topological structures, the external stimulus could transmit through the system, and shows better response ability and higher sensitivity. On the other hand, the influence of topological configuration on the synchronous ability and selection effect of neural system are also discussed. Our results display that the topology of coupled system may play an important role in the process of signal propagation, which could help us to understand the coordinated performance of cells in tissue.

Effects of dietary graded levels of cinnamon essential oil and its combination with bamboo leaf flavonoid on immune function, antioxidative ability and intestinal microbiota of broilers

Cinnamon essential oil(CEO)and its combination with bamboo leaf flavonoid(BLF)have been shown to exhibit an additive antibacterial effect in vitro,but their functions in broilers were not clear.An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary graded levels of CEO and its combination with BLF on the growth performance,immune responses,antioxidative ability,and intestinal morphology and microbiota of broilers fed a corn-soybean meal basal diet.A total of 576 1-d-old Arbor Acres commercial male broilers were randomly allotted to 9 treatments with 8 replicates of 8 birds each in a completely randomized design.Birds were fed on a basal corn-soybean meal diet(control,without plant extracts and antibiotics),or the basal diet supplemented with 50 mg of aureomycin kg^-1,50,100,200,400,or 800 mg of CEO kg^-1,a combination of 100 mg of CEO and 16.7 mg of BLF kg^-1,or a combination of 200 mg of CEO kg^-1 and 33.3 mg of BLF kg^-1 for 42 d.Dietary treatment affected(P<0.05)the serum immune globulin M(IgM)contents on d 42,liver malondialdehyde(MDA)contents on d 21,duodenal crypt depth on d 42,relative abundance of Lactobacillus in the cecal contents on d 21,and relative abundances of Escherichia coli and Bifidobacterium in the cecal contents on d 42,but had no effect(P>0.16)on all other measured indices.The addition of 400 mg of CEO kg^-1 or a combination of 200 mg CEO kg^-1 and 33.3 mg BLF kg^-1 increased(P<0.02)serum IgM contents on d 42.Dietary supplementation with 100 or 200 mg CEO kg^-1,or 50 mg aureomycin kg^-1 decreased(P<0.003)liver MDA contents on d 21.In addition,the supplement of 100 mg CEO kg^-1 increased(P<0.002)the Lactobacillus relative abundance in caecum on d 21 and Bifidobacterium relative abundance in caecum on d 42,and decreased(P<0.0001)E.coli relative abundance in caecum on d 42.The results indicated that dietary supplementation with CEO,an alternative to aureomycin,improved the immune status,antioxidantative ability and cecal microbiota of broilers,and dietary supplementation with the combinations of CEO and BLF did not exhibit further effects.Dietary supplementation with 100 mg CEO kg^-1 is beneficial for broilers fed a corn-soybean meal basal diet.

Validation and evaluation of clinical prediction systems for first and repeated transarterial chemoembolization in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: A Chinese multicenter retrospective study

BACKGROUND The treatment outcome of transarterial chemoembolization(TACE)in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)varies greatly due to the clinical heterogeneity of the patients.Therefore,several prognostic systems have been proposed for risk stratification and candidate identification for first TACE and repeated TACE(re-TACE).AIM To investigate the correlations between prognostic systems and radiological response,compare the predictive abilities,and integrate them in sequence for outcome prediction.METHODS This nationwide multicenter retrospective cohort consisted of 1107 unresectable HCC patients in 15 Chinese tertiary hospitals from January 2010 to May 2016.The Hepatoma Arterial-embolization Prognostic(HAP)score system and its modified versions(mHAP,mHAP2 and mHAP3),as well as the six-and-twelve criteria were compared in terms of their correlations with radiological response and overall survival(OS)prediction for first TACE.The same analyses were conducted in 912 patients receiving re-TACE to evaluate the ART(assessment for re-treatment with TACE)and ABCR(alpha-fetoprotein,Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer,Child-Pugh and Response)systems for post re-TACE survival(PRTS).RESULTS All the prognostic systems were correlated with radiological response achieved by first TACE,and the six-and-twelve criteria exhibited the highest correlation(Spearman R=0.39,P=0.026)and consistency(Kappa=0.14,P=0.019),with optimal performance by area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.71[95%confidence interval(CI):0.68-0.74].With regard to the prediction of OS,the mHAP3 system identified patients with a favorable outcome with the highest concordance(C)-index of 0.60(95%CI:0.57-0.62)and the best area under the receiver operating characteristic curve at any time point during follow-up;whereas,PRTS was well-predicted by the ABCR system with a C-index of 0.61(95%CI:0.59-0.63),rather than ART.Finally,combining the mHAP3 and ABCR systems identified candidates suitable for TACE with an improved median PRTS of 36.6 mo,compared with non-candidates with a median PRTS of 20.0 mo(logrank test P<0.001).CONCLUSION Radiological response to TACE is closely associated with tumor burden,but superior prognostic prediction could be achieved with the combination of mHAP3 and ABCR in patients with unresectable liver-confined HCC.

Growth, Survival and Physiological Condition of Cultured Marron, Cherax tenuimanus （Smith, 1912） Fed Different Levels of Organic Selenium

A 90-day feeding experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of three levels of dietary supplementation of organic selenium （OS） on physiological and immunological responses of marron （Cherax tenuimanus）. Three levels viz. 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 g kg^-1 of basal diet of Sel-Plex as a source of OS. were prepared and tested against the basal diet, which was used as a control. Each diet was fed to four replicated groups of marron, （initial mean weight of 39.43 ± 0.55 g）, at a rate of 3% body weight every second day. At the end of the feeding experiment, dietary inclusion of all Sel-Plex levels significantly improved specific growth rate （SGR） and survival of marron. Inclusion of Sel-Plex above 0.1 g kg^-1 resulted in significantly higher hepatopancreatic moisture level （HM） and wet hepatosomatic index （Hiw）, of marron than matron fed without Sel-Plex. Total Se level in the hepatopancreas was the highest （5.41 ± 0.28 μg g^-1） in the matron fed 0.2 g kg^-1 of Sel-Plex, whereas muscle accumulated significantly higher level of Se when man-on were fed 0.3 g kgl of dietary Sel-Plex. It is therefore suggested that the beneficial dietary supplementation levels of Sel-Plex in marron should range from 0.2 to 0.3 g kg^-1.

Effects of Differential Item Discriminations between Individual-Level and Cluster-Level under the Multilevel Item Response Theory Model

This study attempted to interpret differential item discriminations between individual and cluster levels by focusing on patterns and magnitudes of item discriminations under 2PL multilevel IRT model through a set of variety simulation conditions. The consistency between the mean of individual-level ability estimates and cluster-level ability estimates was evaluated by the correlations between them. As a result, it was found that they were highly correlated if the patterns of item discriminations were the same for both individual and cluster levels. The magnitudes of item discriminations themselves did not affect much on correlations, as far as the patterns were the same at the two levels. However, it was found that the correlation became lower when the patterns of item discriminations were different between the individual and cluster levels. Also, it was revealed that the mean of the estimated individual-level abilities would not be necessarily a good representation of the cluster-level ability, if the patterns were different at the two levels.

Effects of selenium supplementation on thyroid function, immune response and oxidative stress in HT patients

Objective:To explore the effect of selenium supplementation on thyroid function, immune response and oxidative stress in HT patients with normal thyroid function.Methods: A total of 120 Hashimoto's thyroiditis patients with normal thyroid function admitted to our hospital from June 2016 to March 2018 were randomly divided into treatment group and control group with 60 cases in each group. The control group was given oral placebo, while the treatment group was given selenium yeast. The expression levels of thyroid function [including thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine (FT3) and free thyroxine (FT4)], immune response [including thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb), thyroglobulin antibody (TGAb), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-4 (IL-4)] and oxidative stress [including malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD)] were observed and compared between the two groups.Results: The two groups showed significant changes in auxiliary diagnosis, immune response and oxidative stress. Before treatment, there was no significant difference in the levels between the two groups. After treatment, there was no significant difference in the above indexes between the control group and that before treatment. There was no significant difference in thyroid function related indexes between the treatment group and the control group. The levels of TPOAb, TGAb, IFN-γ and MDA in the treatment group were significantly lower than those before treatment and in the control group, while the levels of IL-4, GPx and SOD were significantly higher than those before treatment and in the control group.Conclusions: Selenium supplementation can stabilize thyroid function, reduce the level of thyroid antibody production, and improve immune response and oxidative stress response in HT patients.

Empirical Study on the Relation between Enterprise Social Responsibility and Financial Capability

The consciousness ofenterprise social responsibility in our country is weaker at present. Many enterprises are unwilling to make a commitment to social responsibility, even consider that fulfilling their social responsibility goes against the improvement of enterprise performance. However, with the development of social economy and the improvement of living standards of the people, the performance of corporate social responsibility play a more and more important role. The paper defines the content included in corporate social responsibility, makes theoretical analysis on the relation between corporate social responsibility and enterprise financial ability, and makes the relativity and regression analysis on the relation between enterprise social responsibility and enterprise financial ability.

Zinc alleviates the heat stress of primary cultured hepatocytes of broiler embryos via enhancing the antioxidant ability and attenuating the heat shock responses

Zinc(Zn)has been shown to attenuate the adverse effects of heat stress on broilers,but the mechanisms involving this process remain unclear.We aimed to investigate possible protective mechanisms of Zn on primary cultured hepatocytes of broiler embryos subjected to heat stress.Three experiments were conducted.In Exp.1,hepatocytes were treated with 0,50,100,200,or 400μmol/L added Zn as inorganic Zn sulfate(iZn)for 12,24 or 48 h.In Exp.2,cells were exposed to 40℃(a normal temperature[NT])and 44℃(a high temperature[HT])for 1,2,4,6,or 8 h.In Exp.3,cells were preincubated with 0 or 50μmol/L Zn as iZn or organic Zn lysine chelate(oZn)for 8 h under NT,and then incubated with the same Zn treatments under NT or HT for 4 or 6 h.The biomarkers of antioxidative status and heat stress in cells were measured.The results in Exp.1 indicated that 50μmol/L Zn and 12 h incubation were the optimal conditions for increasing antioxidant ability of hepatocytes.In Exp.2,the 4 or 6 h incubation under HT was effective in inducing heat shock responses of hepatocytes.In Exp.3,HT elevated(P<0.01)malondialdehyde content and expressions of heat shock protein 70(HSP70)mRNA and protein,as well as HSP90 mRNA.However,Zn supplementation increased(P<0.05)copper zinc superoxide dismutase(CuZnSOD)activity and metallothionein mRNA expression,and effectively decreased(P<0.05)the ex-pressions of HSP70 mRNA and protein,as well as HSP90 mRNA.Furthermore,oZn was more effective(P<0.05)than iZn in enhancing CuZnSOD activity of hepatocytes under HT.It was concluded that Zn(especially oZn)could alleviate heat stress of broiler hepatocytes via enhancing their antioxidant ability and attenuating heat shock responses.

Optical Property of LiNbO_3 Crystal Codoped with In, Mg and Fe

In 2O 3, MgO and Fe 2O 3 were doped in LiNbO3 and Czochralski method was used to grow In:Mg:Fe:LiNbO 3 crystals. The OH - extension transmission spectra, light scattering resistance ability, two wave coupled diffraction efficiency and response time of the crystal were measured. Codoping In and Mg in crystal will improve its light scattering resistance ability and response time. Doping In can increase the ability to replace antisite Nb and decrease the doping quantity of Mg. All these are propitious to improve the optical homogeneity of crystal. Doping Fe can improve the photorefractive sensitivity for LiNbO 3 crystal. We discussed the site of In, Mg and Fe in LiNbO 3 crystals and the influence of the absorption peak of OH - transmission spectra on photorefractive property for LiNbO 3 crystal.

槲皮素通过PI3K/Akt/mTOR通路促进缺血性脑卒中小鼠康复的机制

目的探讨槲皮素通过磷脂酰肌醇-3(PI3K)/蛋白激酶B(Akt)/哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mTOR)通路促进缺血性脑卒中小鼠康复的机制。方法使用线栓法使大脑中动脉阻塞(MCAO)、构建缺血性脑卒中C57BL/6小鼠模型(40只),纳入10只健康小鼠作为对照组(每日灌胃等体积生理盐水);将40只模型小鼠随机均分为槲皮素组(每日灌胃200 mg/kg槲皮素)、通路抑制组(每日灌胃60 mg/kg NVP-BEZ235)、联合组(每日灌胃200 mg/kg槲皮素和60 mg/kg NVP-BEZ235)及模型组(每日灌胃等体积生理盐水),均给药7 d;采用Moriss水迷宫检测各组小鼠学习记忆能力,并进行脑功能缺陷评分及测算脑梗死灶体积,取海马组织检测炎性因子白细胞介素-6(IL-6)及肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、检测氧化应激因子水平、PI3K、AKT、mTOR蛋白表达、磷酸化p-PI3K、p-Akt、p-mTOR水平。结果与对照组相比,其余各组小鼠的穿越原平台次数、目标象限停留时间百分比、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)水平、PI3K、AKT、mTOR蛋白表达、p-PI3K、p-AKT、p-mTOR水平均减少,逃逸潜伏期、脑功能缺陷评分、脑梗死灶体积、IL-6、TNF-α、MDA水平均升高;与模型组相比,通路抑制组小鼠的穿越原平台次数、目标象限停留时间百分比、SOD水平、PI3K、AKT、mTOR蛋白表达、p-PI3K、p-AKT、p-mTOR水平均减少,逃逸潜伏期、脑功能缺陷评分和脑梗死灶体积、IL-6、TNF-α、MDA水平均升高,槲皮素组则相反,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。联合组小鼠与模型组比较上述各指标差异多无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论槲皮素可促进缺血性卒中小鼠康复,其机制可能与槲皮素调节脑缺血再灌注小鼠PI3K/Akt/mTOR通路功能、影响海马组织中炎症因子及应激反应水平有关。

儿科医务人员传染病突发事件应急能力评价指标体系构建

目的 构建儿科医务人员应对传染病突发事件的应急能力评价指标体系。方法 以PPRR(预防、准备、反应、恢复)风险管理模型为基础,采用文献研究法和半结构式访谈法初步构建儿科医务人员传染病突发事件应急能力评价体系;采用专家函询法、层次分析法,确定儿科医务人员传染病突发事件应急能力评价体系内容和各指标权重。结果 最终获得一级指标4个、二级指标13个、三级指标37个,并确定相应指标的权重系数。2轮专家函询的问卷回收率分别为100%和94.44%,专家判断系数(Ca)均为0.922,熟悉程度(Cs)均为0.811,权威系数(Cr)均为0.866 5。结论 基于PPRR风险管理模型构建的儿科医务人员传染病突发事件应急能力评价指标具有较高的科学性和实用性,后续仍需在实践中继续优化和完善。

深化科教融合与产教协同提升力学专业实践教育的实效性

科教融合和产教协同有助于激发学生的创新精神和创新思维,培养他们的综合能力。在习近平总书记关于实践育人的重要论述的指导下,上海大学力学学科继承与发扬钱伟长先生的教育理念,以“宽口径、厚基础、求创新、重实践”为指导思想,逐步完善课程进阶递进、多元融合、产学协同的实践育人模式。积极开展科教融合,将最新的科研成果融入教学内容,使课程内容更加前沿、实用,提高教学的针对性和时效性。产教协同育人,为学生提供了更多实践机会,帮助他们将理论知识转化为实践能力,从而提升学生的实践能力和职业素养,并推动力学专业实践教育质量不断创新发展,培养出既掌握深厚专业知识,又秉持正确价值观的高素质力学人才。

尽责式治理:党建引领乡村精细化治理的实践机制——以陕西省镇安县为例

是否尽责是善治的重要衡量标准。充分发挥党建势能要注重以治理责任为纽带,根据乡村治理责任属性和治理条件推进尽责式治理,更好地创新组织载体、整合要素资源和优化治理责任,从而推动乡村精细化治理。基于党建引领基层社会治理镇安探索的研究发现,为克服条块关系不优和治理悬浮化困境,需要以融合共生的理念和方式推动治理责任落实和治理范式革新;通过强化人民至上的责任观,优化“人人有责”的治理结构,达成“人人尽责”的预期治理行为。从“大治理观”和高效能治理视野审视党建引领乡村精细化治理的实现路径,要更加重视治理责任重构和优化、治理方式更新和完善以及治理机制改进和创新,进而推动基层党领共治型的尽责式治理,提升乡村基层治理善治能力。

急性缺氧暴露对人体生理反应及认知能力的影响研究

在低压环境舱开展高海拔环境中人体急性缺氧暴露实验,研究环境压力和温度对人体生理参数和认知能力的影响规律。实验结果表明,随大气压力的降低,人体平均皮肤温度、口腔温度、舒张压、心率和心率变异性均呈增加,而血氧饱和度和收缩压呈降低趋势。其中,平均皮肤温度、心率和血氧饱和度具有显著性差异(p<0.05)。随温度的增加,只有血氧饱和度降低,其他生理参数均升高。其中,平均皮肤温度、心率具有显著性差异(p<0.05)。感知能力、记忆能力和反应能力随大气压力的降低而降低,思辨能力反而提高。其中,记忆能力受压力影响具有显著性(p<0.05)。感知能力和记忆能力随温度的增加有所提高,思辨能力在不同压力下随温度的变化规律不同,反应能力随温度的降低而提高。其中反应能力受温度影响具有显著性(p<0.05)。该研究为保障平原地区人员急进高海拔地区生命健康安全提供有力支撑。