An Analysis of Chinese Address Terms From the Perspective of Speech Act Theory

Address terms are an important resource for conveying relationships.In daily interactions,the use of address terms is unavoidable.Therefore,the choose of address terms is particularly critical to make communicate smoothly with people.Previous scholars have studied address terms from a wide range of perspectives.But there is not much research on Chinese address terms based on speech act theory,which is put forward by John Langshaw Austin.By observing communicative conversations,several findings have been emerged from the analysis.They are professional title,affectionate address terms,and common address terms.These findings express the existential significance of address terms,which are the premise for people to maximize their illocutionary act when communicating.Correct understanding and grasp of the use of address terms is conductive to unfolding the communicative dialogue more smoothly.

On the Analysis of the Address Term"老师" in General Use

The address term"老师"is used widely in modem society.This paper mainly studies the general use of the address term"老师".It raised the hypothesis firstly.Then some questionnaires were handed out to collect the data for the analysis.According to the statistics,this phenomenon is analyzed and interpreted.It is due to both psychological and social factors.

An Analysis of Different Addressing Terms in High Context Communication and Low Context Communication from the Perspective of Frame Theory

Within the scope of human beings, some addressing terms are similar. However, different addressing terms still exist,which are influenced by the background of high context communication or low context communication. A good example is that Chinese traditional culture, a typical instance of high context communication, puts much emphasis on etiquette, which is represented in addressing terms as more complex and definite; In western, with the background of low context communication, every individual is more equal and they address each other more generally and much simpler. This paper tries to explore the addressing terms both in Chinese and in English from the perspective of frame theory.

On the English Translations of “姐姐”(“jiejie”)and “妹妹”(“meimei”)Fictive Terms of Address in Honglou Meng

Based on a thorough case study of Yang's and Hawks' translations of the fictive kinship terms of address"姐姐/妹妹"in Honglou Meng, this paper analyzes the cultural and contextual connotations of the terms in the original, discusses comparatively the misinterpretations of the translations from target readers and explores the cultural orientations and translation strategies of the two versions, proposing that in translating these cultural-and-contextual-bound terms, translators should be bi-culturally conscious and take into account target readers' interpretation as well as make cultural compensations so as to bring out the exact people relations and retain contextual and cultural connotations.

A Concise Analysis of Semantic Changes in Address Terms——Taking“xiaoji?”and“tóngzhì”as Examples

Prevalent address terms are dynamic along the timeline of social development. Despite the newly-emerged forms like"meinü"and"shuaige", meanings of"xi?oji?"and"tóngzhì"have also experienced a discursive history. And different meanings in different historical periods reflect changes in social life and the evolution of people's mind, or precisely, people's cognition. It gives a brief discussion of these semantic changes and probes tentatively some reasons both sociologically and cognitively.

Translation of Address Terms in Hongloumeng Through Relevance Theory

Translation of address terms is a very significant part in the translation of literary works.Yet the agreement on how to do their translation has not been settled.This thesis will make a detailed comparison of the translation of address terms in the extracted examples from Hongloumeng from the perspective of relevance theory(RT).It is believed that address terms are closely context-and culture-bounded,so there is no settled results for the translation of a particular address term.But the there are general rules to direct their translation from the perspective of RT by focusing on the context and the writer’s intention.

On address term translation from the cognitive perspective

This paper studies the address term translation from the cognitive perspective. Concerning the difficulties in rendering the cultural connotations in address terms, the author introduces experiential view and culture model as the guidelines to solve the problems. The results show the significance of bridging the cultural gap in address term translation.

The Translation of Address Terms from the Perspective of Interpersonal Function

This paper,as its title suggests,will mainly focus on the translation of address term from the perspective of interpersonal metafunction proposed by Halliday to shed some light on the everlasting headache in translating,which is caused by culture difference.With examples taken from A Dream of Red Mansions translated by Yang Xian-yi,the author came up with the idea that,in order to achieve equivalence in translating the address term which differs greatly from culture to culture,region to region,even group to group,we should carefully analyze the interpersonal meaning conveyed by the address term in source language,and then translate it into the corresponding one which may bare similar meaning in target language.

Studies of Cultural Differences between English and Chinese Address Terms

English and Chinese address terms have apparent differences,which are caused by their own different social and cultural backgrounds and reflect different cultural implications between the east and the west. To understand the eastern and western culture better,it's necessary to make a comparison between them.

Functions of Metaphorical Use of Address Terms

Researches in metaphor and addressing have both aroused great interests among scholars. Metaphorical use of address terms will be one focus of this paper. Functions of address terms have been investigated a lot, but emotional functions are less emphasized. Therefore, this paper will make a tentative study of how people metaphorically use address terms to express the addresser＇s affect towards the addressee within the framework of Appraisal Theory.

汉语称谓语选择的语用策略研究

日常交际中,人们开口说话时首先要使用称谓语称呼对方。称谓语有着两个重要的作用,一是明确交际对象的身份,二是确定交际双方的关系。现代汉语称谓语是一个庞杂的系统,每一类称谓语都有其特定的交际功能。在使用中,要根据具体的交际对象、交际场合、交际目的以及交际双方的关系等,选择一个最为恰当的称谓,从而形成称谓语选择上的语用策略。

由明清小说看“称谓之不古”现象

在称呼语的使用方面,古人往往会严格遵守礼仪规范,并表现出鲜明的阶级属性或文化阶层属性。从明代后期至清代中叶,随着商品经济的发展,传统的封建伦理道德受到冲击,社会风气发生了很大改变,这也影响到人们的思想观念、价值取向和行为规范。蒲松龄曾在《聊斋志异》中批判“称谓之不古”现象,而在《醒世姻缘传》《儒林外史》《红楼梦》中,也出现了不顾现实身份而任意改变称呼语的描写。称呼语反映着人们的社会属性,与整个社会文化、思想背景息息相关。在古典小说中,称谓具有点石成金的效果,分析不同阶层、地位之间使用称呼语的差别,能够更深入地了解作者的创作意图,进而探寻其背后的民族心理和文化内涵。

后喻时代社会称谓语中的认知修辞研究

社会称谓语是话语的有机组成部分,也是人们在社会交往过程中用以建构社会关系和进行角色定位的一种重要语言手段。在后喻时代的背景下,伴随着数字交往的兴起,社会称谓语体现出显著的变化,形成了新的使用面貌。本文从认知视域展开研究,以认知隐喻理论为基础,聚焦后喻时代社会称谓语中的修辞表述,并根据映射模式将其分为隐喻性和转喻性两类,结合具体语境深入探讨这些社会称谓语的概念映射及语义形成,旨在丰富现有认知角度的社会称谓语研究,并在汉语语言的规范化以及语言环境的治理优化方面做出努力和贡献。

戏曲中称呼语的人际功能显化研究——基于京剧《白蛇传》平行语料库的考察

称呼语,即在社会语言交际时,指称他人或其他事物所使用的词语。称呼语在中华传统戏曲剧本中出现频率高,翻译难度较大。一些称呼语兼有亲属意义和社会意义,因此译者在翻译时就需要综合考虑对话双方的身份地位、情感态度来进行翻译。依据系统功能语法理论,并以“姐姐”“娘子”“官人”为例,分析《白蛇传》的三个译本如何再现称呼语人际功能,是否呈现显化的趋势,以及导致译本差异的原因。研究发现:三个译本中称呼语均呈现显化趋势,其中张光诚译本的显化程度最高,更能体现交际双方的身份地位与感情态度,人际功能再现程度更高;导致译本差异的原因可从语言因素、文本因素、译者因素、社会文化因素等方面综合考虑。

基于检索器-鉴别器架构的电力地址匹配模型研究

为解决电力地址库与外部地址库地址的匹配问题,保证电力地址准确性,实现电力系统与外部系统间数据信息共享互通,本文提出一种基于检索器-鉴别器架构的地址匹配模型。首先介绍地址匹配模型的详细结构,包括用于缩小地址检索范围的地址检索器和最终分辨地址是否匹配正确的地址鉴别器,其中地址检索器基于词频-逆文档频率算法构建,地址鉴别器基于中文预训练语言模型NEZHA构建。还提出了一种负样本训练方法提升地址鉴别器辨别效果。详细介绍了实验分析所使用的两个数据集。实验结果表明基于检索器-鉴别器架构的电力地址匹配模型能够准确从外部地址库中找出与电力地址匹配的地址,其中,地址鉴别器能够非常准确地从多个候选地址中找出准确匹配地址,其F1分数达0.99以上。

彝族、白族和纳西族大学生的基本颜色词分类

运用自然分类和多维标度法,研究了彝族、白族和纳西族238名大学生对11种基本颜色词的分类。结果表明,三个民族的大学生对11种基本颜色词的分类既有一致之处,也有文化差异。主要表现在⑴基本颜色词的分类数目不同;⑵基本颜色词的类别不同;⑶基本颜色词语义空间的维度不完全相同;⑷每一类别中包含的颜色词及颜色词的数目不同。这些差异体现了文化和语言对颜色认知的影响。

文学语篇中称谓语翻译的语域对应

文学语篇中的称谓语有助于读者理顺人物关系,了解人物个性和解读情节发展,而称谓语的意义离不开语域限定,分析源语语域参数以确定语义是准确翻译称谓语的前提。译文需要在语旨、语场和语式3个层面忠实源语语域特征,从而实现原称谓语的交际功能和修辞功能。

“老外”究竟意味着什么？

本文对大学生称外国人为"老外"动机和外国留学生对"老外"称呼的心理感受进行调查。结果表明,大学生称呼外国人"老外"的动机十分复杂;不同人在不同场合使用"老外"称呼的动机不同,这一称呼语也有不同含义;外国留学生对"老外"称呼的心理感受总的说来是消极的。就总体来看,"老外"是一个具有贬义的称呼。

英语称呼语翻译及其人际功能等值

广义地讲 ,称呼语包括当面招呼用的呼语和介绍他人的称谓。称呼语能体现人们之间的社会角色关系 ,与语言的人际功能密切相关。根据系统功能语法 ,人际功能体现话语基调 ,使话语有不同的正式性程度 ,从而反映人们之间不同的地位、接触和情感 ,还影响对语气和情态系统的选择。本文通过分析称呼语正式性程度 ,以及语气和情态对称呼语的影响 ,提出在翻译英语称呼语时要力求在情景语境中实现人际功能等值 ,即在表达角色关系的人际意义上对等 ,为探讨在翻译中实现以语篇为单位的功能等值提供一定思路。