The Impact of Optimizing Details in the Operating Room on the Level of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Hospital Infection Prevention and Control by Surgeons, as Well as the Effectiveness of Infection Control

Objective: This paper aims to explore the impact of optimizing details in the operating room on the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice of hospital infection prevention and control by surgeons, as well as the effectiveness of infection control. Methods: From January 2022 to June 2023, a total of 120 patients were screened and randomly divided into a control group (routine care and hospital infection management) and a study group (optimizing details in the operating room). Results: Significant differences were found between the two groups in the data of surgeons’ level of knowledge, attitude, and practice in hospital infection prevention and control, infection rates, and nursing satisfaction, with the study group showing better results (P Conclusion: The use of optimizing details in the operating room among surgeons can effectively improve surgeons’ level of knowledge, attitude, and practice in hospital infection prevention and control, reduce infection occurrence, and is worth promoting.

An Energy-Saving Control Strategy on Central Air-Conditioning System

An energy-saving control strategy based on predictive control for central air-conditioning systems is proposed in this paper. The cold load model is developed to describe the dynamic characteristics of temperature control systems, and then parameters in the cold load model and in the central air-conditioning system model are estimated. Generalized predictive control (GPC) is used to establish an optimization model to minimize the consumption of energy and the control error of temperature. The simulated annealing (SA) algorithm, combined with quadratic programming, is adopted to solve the optimal problem. Contrasted with the simulation of traditional PID control, the results prove the effectiveness of this proposed strategy.

Application of Specialized Group Management in the Quality Control of Perioperative Nursing

Objective:To explore the role of specialized group management in the quality control of perioperative nursing.Methods:45 surgical nurses from our hospital were selected as the research subjects.Traditional operating room management was adopted from July 2019 to June 2020,and specialized group management was adopted from July 2020 to June 2021.The surgeon’s satisfaction,surgical nurses’core professional competence,and surgical patients’satisfaction were obtained through surveys and the results were analyzed.Results:Surgeon satisfaction before the implementation of specialized group management was significantly lower than after its implementation(P<0.05).Besides,surgical nurses’core professional competency scores before the implementation of specialized group management were significantly lower than after its implementation(P<0.05).Lastly,surgical patients’satisfaction before the implementation of specialized group management was significantly lower than after its implementation(P<0.05).Conclusion:Specialized group management helps to improve the quality of perioperative care and should be applied in clinical practice.

A Formal Testing Model for Operating Room Control System Using Internet of Things

Technological advances in recent years have significantly changed the way an operating room works.This work aims to create a platformto solve the problems of operating room occupancy and prepare the rooms with an environment that is favorable for all operations.Using this system,a doctor can control all operation rooms,especially before an operation,and monitor their temperature and humidity to prepare for the operation.Also,in the event of a problem,an alert is sent to the nurse responsible for the room and medical stuff so that the problem can be resolved.The platformis tested using a Raspberry PI card and sensors.The sensors are connected to a cloud layer that collects and analyzes the temperature and humidity values obtained from the environment during an operation.The result of experimentations is visualized through a web application and an Android application.The platform also considers the security aspects such as authorization to access application functionalities for the Web and the mobile applications.We can also test and evaluate the system’s existing problems and vulnerabilities using the IEEE and owasp IoT standards.Finally,the proposed framework is extended with a model based testing technique that may be adopted for validating the security aspects.

Room temperature and humidity decoupling control of common variable air volume air-conditioning system based on bilinear characteristics

Variable air volume(VAV)air-conditioning(AC)systems are widely employed to achieve a comfortable room thermal and humid environment depending on its better regulation performance and energy efficiency.In the single coil VAV AC system,conventional proportional-integral(PI)control algorithm is usually adopted to track the set-points of the room temperature and humidity by regulating the supply air flow rate and the chilled water flow rate,respectively.However,the control performance is usually not good due to the high coupling of the heat and mass transfer in the air-handling unit(AHU).A model-based control method is developed to realize the decoupling control of the room temperature and humidity according to the bilinear characteristics of the temperature and humidity variation.In this control method,a bilinear room temperature controller is used to track the room temperature set-point based on the real-time cooling load,while a room humidity controller is used to track the room humidity set-point depending on the real-time humidity load.The control performance was validated in a simulated VAV AC system.The test results show that comparing with the conventional PI control,the room temperature and humidity are controlled much more robustly and accurately by using the proposed model-based control method.

Secure and Performant Handling CIM-Based Data Streams in Control Room Software Interaction for Multi Vendor Solutions

Due to the increasing share of renewable energy, new requirements are placed on control room software. Such software is often exclusive to the supplier, but other suppliers could offer new and better methods. For security reasons, external applications often have no direct data access to control room software. Such software can provide information about the power grid via a periodic file transfer in CIM (Common Information Model) format. These files are often very large, containing complete records, delivering information not always relevant to the external applications. Extracting the relevant information required by external applications can be time-consuming, thus presenting a problem for time-critical applications. This paper presents a method allowing different applications to efficiently access the relevant data from the massive data stream contained in the CIM files. This method has been tested with a distribution system operator and clearly increases performance, allowing different applications to access the relevant data.

木质材料对室内声学调控的研究进展

木材为多孔性材料,在室内空间中,使用木质材料除了具有饰面作用外,还可以有效吸收声能,控制室内混响时间,改善音质,提高语言清晰度。本文概述了木质材料的吸声和隔声性能两方面的研究现状,并对未来的研究提出了建议。在此基础之上,总结了前人在大型建筑空间、小型办公空间、家居室内空间中声环境调控的不足之处。主要有以下3点:1)研究者多选取某一特定的室内空间类型进行声环境改善,尚缺乏对不同使用功能的室内空间声环境的规律性研究,以形成较为系统的室内声环境调控体系。2)成片的家具几何结构改变室内声环境的程度有待进一步研究验证。3)对于改变空间的形状、比例、布局的方法有待进一步研究其内在规律,为设计师、建筑师和科研人员提供参考依据。未来研究重点包括:1)通过使用木质材料对空间进行合理化布局与设计;2)处理好不均匀的声频或室内声场驻波的简并现象,需合理选择吸声构件。3)建立智能化声学仿真模型。

洁净手术室气流组织效果的影响因素综述

我国医院建设规模庞大、分布广泛,就医人数居世界第一,医疗洁净手术室空气洁净技术发展迅速。手术室的气流组织是其空气洁净技术的重要方面,与手术部位感染的关系一直存在争议。本文对手术室中的气流组织形式进行了综述。研究表明,层流通风和温控气流通风在去除携带细菌的颗粒方面具有优势,且层流通风对飞沫的控制能力更强。本文梳理了手术室内人员数量和位置、手术人员的动作和流动、医用设备的数量和发热量、人员着装和手术台次等因素对气流组织效果的影响。发现手术人员的动作和流动是相关研究的热点,气流组织与手术人员、患者热舒适的关联仍有待深入。未来研究方向包括手术室内局部气流组织与手术微环境空气质量的定量关系、新型气流组织形式和末端、个性化通风与手术人员热舒适等。

TOPCARES-CDIO与目标导向管理在手术室新护士培训中的应用

目的探讨以目标为导向的计算机教育改革-构思、设计、实施、运行(target oriented project centered authenticity enhanced reform of computer education based on-conceive,design,implement,operate,TOPCARES-CDIO)理念结合目标导向管理在手术室新进护士教育培训中的应用效果。方法采用前后对照研究设计,选取2019年1月—2023年6月于河北大学附属医院手术室工作不足1年的60名新进护士,随机分为对照组与试验组,每组30名。对照组采用传统的教育培训模式,试验组采用TOPCARES-CDIO理念结合目标导向管理的教育培训模式。比较2组新进护士培训前后的核心能力、护理实践行为、职业获益感、技能能力、护理质量和医患满意度等指标的变化。结果培训后,2组新进护士的核心能力、护理实践行为、职业获益感、技能能力、护理质量和医患满意度得分高于护理前,且试验组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论TOPCARES-CDIO理念结合目标导向管理的教育培训模式能有效提高手术室新进护士的核心能力、护理实践行为、职业获益感、技能能力、护理质量和医患满意度,有利于促进手术室新进护士的专业发展和团队协作。

基于混合现实技术的船舶机舱集中操控试验装置设计与实现

文章提出一种基于混合现实(MR)的船舶机舱设备集中操控试验装置和管控方法,即时收集船舶机舱内数据,针对收集的数据建立数学模型,模拟舱内三维场景,从而对舱内设备实施控制。研究了基于MR的船舶机舱设备集中操控系统设计方案和方法,应用Faster R-CNN目标检测网络深度学习的船舶机舱设备状态指示识别框架与算法。从MR机舱设备集中操控流程、构建机舱三维模型及其优化、集中操控方法及其实操训练等环节的迭代研发,完成了MR机舱设备集中操控功能的测试验证。将混合现实技术应用于轮机设备操作、机舱资源管理等实践实训教学中,增强了船舱空间分析和可视化的交互效果。

工艺、技术与建筑的整合——电子高科技芯片厂房设计实践

简要介绍芯片生产的工艺、流程及关键技术。从总体布局、建筑设计两个层面阐述国家存储器基地项目(一期)的设计思考,在满足工艺需求的基础上,建筑师可以通过建筑立面、厂房外部色彩的处理体现工业建筑之美。深入挖掘项目分期实施策略、建筑消防设计特征及空间管理概念。

适用于数字化主控室的核电厂HRA基础数据架构研究

目前国内开展核电厂人员可靠性分析(HRA)采用的人员失误概率基础数据库年限较为久远,且缺乏对于数字化主控室环境下人员失误模式的考虑。本文基于多个HRA方法及国外典型人员可靠性数据库的设计,结合国内电厂的实际情况,搭建了核电厂HRA基础数据库的框架,对于其中的绩效影响因子(PSF)架构采用数据库概念设计阶段的自顶向下设计方法,结合数字化环境下新增的人员失误模式,给出可供采集的PSF数据项,完成可适用于数字化环境的核电厂HRA基础数据库中PSF架构的搭建,并针对核电厂HRA基础数据架构着手开发相应的数据库软件,为核电厂人员可靠性数据的采集、防人因失误工作的开展提供有效支持。

前馈控制理念风险预警手术室护理对椎间孔镜下髓核摘除术患者的效果评价

目的分析前馈控制理念风险预警手术室护理对椎间孔镜下髓核摘除手术患者术后恢复指标的影响。方法选取医院2018年9月—2022年12月收治的100例椎间孔镜下髓核摘除手术患者为研究对象,按照组间基本资料均衡可比的原则将患者分为对照组和观察组,各50例。对照组采用常规护理,观察组采用前馈控制理念风险预警手术室护理。采用纽卡斯尔护理服务满意度量表、视觉模拟评分法和Oswesty功能障碍指数问卷分别评价两组患者的满意率、疼痛评分和术后腰椎功能指数,并进行比较。对比两组患者平均住院时间和并发症(包括尿潴留、感染、出血)发生情况。结果观察组椎间孔镜下髓核摘除手术患者满意率高于对照组,平均住院时间短于对照组,术后功能指数、疼痛评分和并发症发生率低于对照组,组间比较差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论前馈控制理念风险预警手术室护理能有效促进椎间孔镜下髓核摘除手术患者术后恢复,减轻疼痛,减少并发症发生风险,提升患者满意率。

某船舶餐厅振动噪声分析及治理

某船舶大餐厅与机舱公用部分钢围壁导致餐厅噪声水平超标,严重影响船员就餐舒适性。基于统计能量分析法和经验分析法,对餐厅所在舱段进行声学仿真,通过对比数值计算结果与实测数据,分析餐厅噪声来源及组成,确定在外部控制振源,在内部敷设浮筑地板、吸隔声材料的综合治理方案,最终有效控制餐厅噪声。从工程实践角度为毗邻主要声源的船舶舱室噪声治理提供一种参考方法,并提出一些建议。

海上船舶智能机舱综述

随着科技的飞速发展,船舶工业正面临着前所未有的挑战和机遇。智能机舱作为船舶智能化技术的重要部分,正逐渐改变传统船舶的运行和管理方式。文章对船舶智能机舱的概念、技术、应用和发展趋势进行了综述,为相关领域的研究提供参考。

智能化与信息化教室系统的设计

为提高教室的智能化管理和使用效率,可以基于超宽带技术设计智慧教室控制系统。该系统由人员定位子系统、智慧教室控制子系统、服务器子系统与大屏展示子系统组成,通过有线或无线连接完成各子系统之间的数据传输和协同工作,具有低功耗、高安全性等优点,能够促进信息技术与教育技术的深度融合,有效提高教学质量。

精细化手术室护理对宫腔镜下电切手术患者体温控制和应激反应的影响

目的探究精细化手术室护理对宫腔镜下电切手术患者体温控制和应激反应的影响。方法选取在本院开展宫腔镜下电切手术治疗的患者48例为研究对象,按照随机信封法将其分为两组,每组24例。对照组患者采用常规护理,观察组患者采用精细化手术室护理。比较两组患者麻醉前、麻醉5min、手术15min与麻醉清醒后的体温水平,以及术中应激反应指标(心率、平均动脉压)。结果两组患者麻醉前、麻醉5min体温比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),观察组手术15min与麻醉清醒后体温高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组术中心率及平均动脉压低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论精细化手术室护理应用在宫腔镜下电切手术患者护理中的效果显著,对患者体温控制与应激反应具有积极影响,可保证患者手术效果,值得临床推广与应用。

武汉光谷大悦城高效制冷机房设计总结与探讨

从负荷计算、冷源设备配置、输配系统、控制策略等方面介绍了武汉光谷大悦城购物中心高效制冷机房的设计。该项目采用一级泵变流量系统,制冷机房全年平均设计能效比为5.2,制冷机房运行能效比达到5.54。对高效制冷机房能效比进一步提升的路径和手段进行了总结与探讨。

纵横双向层级责任制管理在妇科手术室感染风险管控中的应用

目的探讨纵横双向层级责任制管理在妇科手术室感染风险管控中的应用效果。方法选取2022年1月-12月在郑州大学第一附属医院行妇科手术的154例患者,将2022年1月-6月行妇科手术的72例患者设为对照组,将2022年7月-12月行妇科手术的82例患者设为观察组。对照组实施常规管理,观察组实施纵横双向层级责任制管理。比较2组手术室感染风险管控质量、手术室环境含菌量、手术室感染事件发生情况。结果观察组在环境、物品、手术室人员及操作管理4方面的手术室感染风险管控质量评分均高于对照组(t=-5.791,P<0.001;t=-5.315,P<0.001;t=-3.418,P<0.001;t=-4.121,P<0.001);手术结束后5 min的手术室环境含菌量低于对照组(t=6.403,P<0.001);手术室感染发生率低于对照组(χ^(2)=4.034,P=0.045)。结论纵横双向责任制管理应用于妇科手术室感染风险防控中价值显著,可明显提高手术室感染风险管控质量,降低感染风险,减少感染发生。