Effects of Health Education with Problem-Based Learning Approaches on the Knowledge, Attitude, Practice and Coping Skills of Women with High-Risk Pregnancies in Plateau Areas

Objective: Given the unique cultural background, way of life, and physical environment of the Tibetan Plateau, this study aims to investigate the effects of health education using problem-based learning (PBL) approaches on the knowledge, attitude, practice, and coping skills of women with high-risk pregnancies in this region. Methods: 76 high-risk pregnancy cases were enrolled at Tibet’s Linzhi People’s Hospital between September 2023 and April 2024. 30 patients admitted between September 2023 and December 2023 were selected as the control group and were performed with regular patient education. 46 patients admitted between January 2024 and April 2024 were selected as the observation group and were performed regular patient education with problem-based learning approaches. Two groups’ performance on their health knowledge, attitude, practice and coping skills before and after interventions were evaluated, and patient satisfaction were measured at the end of the study. Results: There was no statistical significance (P P P Conclusions: Health education with problem-based learning approaches is worth promoting as it can help high-risk pregnant women in plateau areas develop better health knowledge, attitude and practice and healthier coping skills. Also, it can improve patient sanctification.

Research on the Winter Study Movement in Shanxi Anti-Japanese Base Area from the Perspective of Mass

Playing a major role on social education in Shanxi anti-Japanese base area,the winter study movement is a popular education movement implemented by the Communist Party of China,which takes into consideration the base area’s reality and makes full use of the leisure time in winter of rural area.With a wide coverage of education in culture,politics,daily life,anti-Japanese war as well as other aspects.The winter study movement provides efficient education to rural peasants,achieving great effects on mobilization on the masses of the people.This paper focuses on the original archives of the grassroots,conveying comprehensive analysis on the institutional arrangement,organizational mechanism and specific implementation of the winter study movement,thus to provide an overall understanding of the winter study movement in Shanxi anti-Japanese base area from the perspective of mass mobilization.

An Experimental Study of Network-based Language Learning in Less-developed Areas

The advent of the Age of Information brings about bright prospects to Network-based Language Learning(NBLL).The thesis adopts the Engagement Theory as guided principles.The purpose is to use the novel NBLL model effectively with the help of modern technology especially in less-developed areas.This thesis focuses on network-based experimental study.The research shows that the students under NBLL environment have cultivated the capabilities in information collection,computer operation,and information evaluation,as well as the abilities in problem solving,reasoning with criticism,and cooperating with others.

The Source of Groundwater Recharge Based on Entropy Theory in the Arid Areas of North China

Objective Any natural system is constantly exchanging material, energy and information with the environment, and all tkese processes follow the basic law of thermodynamics, with no exception of groundwater recharge and discharge process. On the basis of the principle of the first law of thermodynamics, the reverse geochemical simulation method is widely used in the study of groundwater recharge, runoff and drainage process. However, some studies only consider the material conservation in theprocess, but ignore the probability of the transformation.

Object-based classification of cloudy coastal areas using medium-resolution optical and SAR images for vulnerability assessment of marine disaster

Efficient and accurate access to coastal land cover information is of great significance for marine disaster prevention and mitigation.Although the popular and common sensors of land resource satellites provide free and valuable images to map the land cover,coastal areas often encounter significant cloud cover,especially in tropical areas,which makes the classification in those areas non-ideal.To solve this problem,we proposed a framework of combining medium-resolution optical images and synthetic aperture radar(SAR)data with the recently popular object-based image analysis(OBIA)method and used the Landsat Operational Land Imager(OLI)and Phased Array type L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar(PALSAR)images acquired in Singapore in 2017 as a case study.We designed experiments to confirm two critical factors of this framework:one is the segmentation scale that determines the average object size,and the other is the classification feature.Accuracy assessments of the land cover indicated that the optimal segmentation scale was between 40 and 80,and the features of the combination of OLI and SAR resulted in higher accuracy than any individual features,especially in areas with cloud cover.Based on the land cover generated by this framework,we assessed the vulnerability of the marine disasters of Singapore in 2008 and 2017 and found that the high-vulnerability areas mainly located in the southeast and increased by 118.97 km2 over the past decade.To clarify the disaster response plan for different geographical environments,we classified risk based on altitude and distance from shore.The newly increased high-vulnerability regions within 4 km offshore and below 30 m above sea level are at high risk;these regions may need to focus on strengthening disaster prevention construction.This study serves as a typical example of using remote sensing techniques for the vulnerability assessment of marine disasters,especially those in cloudy coastal areas.

Ecosystem-Based and Community-Based Model Integration to Designate Coral Reef No-Take Marine Protected Areas: A Case Study from Puerto Rico

Ecosystem-based management and community-based participation in governance of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) have been identified as key elements to improve management success, local stakeholder support, and compliance with regulations. However, both are often rarely achieved, resulting in poor MPA governance, support and success. A quantitative assessment of the spatio- temporal change (1997-2012) of coral reef fish communities within Arrecifes La Cordillera Natural Reserve in northeastern Puerto Rico was carried out. We also identified community expectations of and support for the designation of a network of small no-take MPAs within the reserve’s boundaries. A holistic approach employing biophysical and socioeconomic methods was used as part of a participatory model to identify priorities for the designation of candidate no-take MPAs. Populations of the most important fishery-targeted species showed a significant temporal decline, particularly in areas subjected to intense recreational activities and spearfishing. Most groupers (Serranidae), snappers (Lutjanidae), barracudas (Sphyraenidae), and some parrotfishes (Scaridae) were nearly absent at most sites. Most individuals belonged to smaller size categories. Herbivores represented the majority of the total fish biomass, suggesting strong fishing impacts on apex predators. Fish declines also occurred after two massive coral bleaching events in 1998 and 2005 that were followed by mass coral mortalities, suggesting combined negative impacts of fishing and climate change. A no-take MPA designation was supported by 80% of the artisanal fishermen, 73% of the concessionaires (i.e., SCUBA diving, charter boats), and 52% of registered vessel operators. Stakeholders agreed that coral reef conditions in the reserve had declined over time, as well as water quality which affected reef health and fisheries. Stakeholders did not recognize climate change and sea surface warming as threats to coral reefs and fisheries. Nonetheless, stakeholder perceptions of candidate no-take MPA sites remarkably matched those identified through fish counts. This study also highlighted the pervasive views held by many stake-holders concerning MPA management and enforcement, and recommended that any no-take MPA designation process considers improving stakeholder participation, understanding of management objectives, actions, and accomplishments, and building stakeholders trust. The integration of ecosystem-based and community-based participatory models may be critical to foster improved support of no-take MPAs and foster a long-term community-based integration to develop and implement mitigation strategies for climate change impacts in novel future scenarios.

Discussion on Theme-based Design of Road Landscape in Scenic Area——A Case Study of Five Dragon Temple Cultural Park in Yingcheng City

The combination of ornamental function and recreational function should be taken into account in road landscape design of scenic area.The theme characteristic should be highlighted by designing techniques.Roads in scenic area should be used to lead tourists' behavior according to people's behavioral psychology.With Five Dragon Temple Cultural Park as case study,starting from its geographic location and establishment concept,the paper had extracted design theme of Five Dragon Temple Cultural Park.Profound religious cultural connotation had been given to the cultural park with Chinese traditional religion and "Five Elements" theory as the inspiration.It designed five main roads with different colors which represented five elements covering "gold,wood,water,fire and earth".Different scenic areas had been linked together by five man roads,forming a road landscape pattern of "meeting of five dragons".Then,flowering plants had been collocated along the five roads which were Vatica astrotricha,Punica granatum,Prunus serrulata,Morus alba and Osmanthus fragrans,creating theme-based road landscape not only representing religious significance but also corresponding with "Five Elements" theory.

Construction of green infrastructure in coal-resource based city： a case study in Xuzhou urban area

As an important coal-resource based city in eastern China, coal mining activities have greatly promoted economic development to Xuzhou while resulted in kinds of blocks for sustainable development. Subsidence areas caused by coal mining activities and rapid urbanization process led to the losing of ecological function and decreasing of landscape connectivity in the city. As the important life-support system, urban green infrastructure （GI as short） has great significance in improving human well-beings. Taking Xuzhou urban area as the study object, this paper proposed a green infrastructure construction method based on the principle of ecological priority. Firstly, key ecological patches were identified by GIS and RS methods. Secondly, we established corridors by minimum cost path model. Then, we built GI network and evaluated the ecological importance of different patches. Finally, by comparing the status of patches and coal mining subsidence areas, we proposed a framework for constructing GI network in Xuzhou urban area.

Reliability Analysis of Controller Area Network Based Systems—A Review

This paper reviews the research work done on the Reliability Analysis of Controller Area Network (CAN) based systems. During the last couple of decades, real-time researchers have extended schedulability analysis to a mature technique which for nontrivial systems can be used to determine whether a set of tasks executing on a single CPU or in a distributed system will meet their deadlines or not [1-3]. The main focus of the real-time research community is on hard real-time systems, and the essence of analyzing such systems is to investigate if deadlines are met in a worst case scenario. Whether this worst case actually will occur during execution, or if it is likely to occur, is not normally considered. Reliability modeling, on the other hand, involves study of fault models, characterization of distribution functions of faults and development of methods and tools for composing these distributions and models in estimating an overall reliability figure for the system [4]. This paper presents the research work done on reliability analysis developed with a focus on Controller-Area-Network-based automotive systems.

Effects of Specific Surface Area and Impurities of Reactive Alumina on Properties of Corundum Based Castables

Effects of specific surface area and tiny amount of impurities of reactive alumina on the workability, sinte- ring and high temperature mechanical strength of corun- dum based castables were investigated. The results show that the presence of reactive alumina with high specific surface area leads to accelerating of the hydration of calcium aluminate cement, thus shortening the working time and setting time of the castables, which can be as- cribed that the critical energy barrier for stable nuclei of hydration products of cement can be reduced by the high specific surface area of reactive alumina. The sintering of the corundum based castables can be accelerated by the reactive alumina with high specific surface area and high amount of impurities, however, the reactive alumina with too high specific surface area and impurities can al- so lead to noticeable shrinkage of castables. In addition, high temperature mechanical strength of corundum based castables can be decreased by the higher amount of trace impurities of reactive alumina due to formation of low- melting phase at high temperatures.

New Insights into the Depositional Environments of Ordovician Carbonate Formations in the Yubei Area of Tarim Basin Based on Standard Microfacies Types

Objective The Yubei area is located in the mid-east Maigaiti slope of southwestern Tarim Basin, China, with an exploration history of several years. Recent exploration has preliminarily indicated that the Ordovician carbonate formations in this area have some oil and gas potential. Carbonate microfacies provides material basis for reservoir development, seal formation and hydrocarbon generation. Therefore, this work utilized the standard microfacies （SMF） types to study the microfacies of the Ordovician formations in the Yubei area in order to provide theoretical basis for the next exploration.

Solving Multi-Area Environmental/Economic Dispatch by Pareto-Based Chemical-Reaction Optimization Algorithm

In this study, we present a Pareto-based chemicalreaction optimization(PCRO) algorithm for solving the multiarea environmental/economic dispatch optimization problems.Two objectives are minimized simultaneously, i.e., total fuel cost and emission. In the proposed algorithm, each solution is represented by a chemical molecule. A novel encoding mechanism for solving the multi-area environmental/economic dispatch optimization problems is designed to dynamically enhance the performance of the proposed algorithm. Then, an ensemble of effective neighborhood approaches is developed, and a selfadaptive neighborhood structure selection mechanism is also embedded in PCRO to increase the search ability while maintaining population diversity. In addition, a grid-based crowding distance strategy is introduced, which can obviously enable the algorithm to easily converge near the Pareto front. Furthermore,a kinetic-energy-based search procedure is developed to enhance the global search ability. Finally, the proposed algorithm is tested on sets of the instances that are generated based on realistic production. Through the analysis of experimental results, the highly effective performance of the proposed PCRO algorithm is favorably compared with several algorithms, with regards to both solution quality and diversity.

Construction of Industrialization Development Model for"1+4+X"Community-Based Elderly Care in Gannan Old Revolutionary Base Area in the Context of Population Aging

In the context of controlling population development in a planned way,China entered an aging society in the early 21 st century.In this context,how to meet the needs of the elderly care and form an effective elderly care model has become a key problem to be solved urgently by local government departments.With the continuous advancement of the elderly care policy,the community-based elderly care has gradually become the mainstream and is in the stage of vigorous promotion.Taking the Gannan old revolutionary base area in Jiangxi Province as an example,this study puts forward"1+4+X"community-based elderly care model based on the policy system of community-based elderly care,the physical and mental health of the elderly,the material space and the construction of evaluation system,and explores how to promote the application of this community model efficiently in the form of industrialization,so as to drive the economic growth of the Gannan old revolutionary base area,promote the employment development and improve the community-based elderly care service.

Simulation of Old Urban Residential Area Evolution Based on Complex Adaptive System

On the basis of complex adaptive system theory, this paper proposed an agent-based model of old urban residential area, in which, residents and providers are the two adaptive agents. The behaviors of residents and providers in this model are trained with back propagation and simulated with Swarm software based on environment-rules-agents interaction. This model simulates the evolution of old urban residential area and analyzes the relations between the evolution and urban management with the background of Chaozhou city. As a result, the following are obtained ： （ 1 ） Simulation without government intervention indicates the trend of housing ageing, environmental deterioration, economic depression, and social filtering-down in old urban residential area. If the development of old urban residential area is under control of developers in market, whose desire is profit maximization, and factors such as social justice, historic and culture value will be ignored. （2） If the government carries out some policies and measures which will perfectly serve their original aims, simulation reveals that old urban residential area could be adapted to environment and keep sustainable development. This conclusion emphasizes that government must act as initiator and program maker for guiding residents and other providers directly in the development of old urban residential area.

我国基层医生社区康复服务能力现状与对策研究

背景“康复回社区”是形成合理就医格局的重点要求,也是实现人人享有康复服务的重要策略,但目前我国基层医生的社区康复服务能力与居民日益增长的康复需求仍有差距。目的了解我国基层医生社区康复服务能力的现状、特点与不足,为制定能力提升对策提供科学依据。方法2020年8月采用多阶段分层抽样与典型抽样相结合的方法对中国江苏省、安徽省、河南省、重庆市、甘肃省五地基层医疗卫生机构的医生开展问卷调查,从康复功能评定、康复医疗服务、中医药保健指导、中医理疗四个方面调查基层医生社区康复服务能力现状。结果共回收8374份问卷,接受调查的基层医生中,分别有4697名(56.1%)、6396名(76.4%)、5833名(69.7%)、4834名(57.7%)具备康复功能评定、康复医疗服务、中医药保健指导、中医理疗能力,且农村地区基层医生各项社区康复能力及综合能力具备率均高于城市地区(P<0.05)。不同年龄、学历、执业资格、岗位基层医生的康复医疗服务指导、中医药保健指导、中医理疗能力具备率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);组内两两比较结果显示,在年龄方面,30岁以下及60岁以上基层医生康复功能评定能力的具备率高于30~<45岁、45~<60岁(P<0.016),45~<60岁医生具备率高于30~<45岁(P<0.016),45岁以下的康复医疗服务指导能力具备率低于45岁以上的基层医生(P<0.016);30岁以下基层医生中医药保健指导、中医理疗能力具备率低于30~<45岁、45~<60岁和60岁以上(P<0.016),30~<45岁医生能力具备率低于45~<60岁和60岁以上(P<0.016),45~<60岁医生具备率低于60岁以上(P<0.016)。在学历方面,高中/中专及以下学历基层医生能力具备率高于大专学历和本科学历(P<0.016),大专学历医生能力具备率高于本科学历(P<0.016)。在执业资格方面,全科医师具备率高于乡村医师和执业(助理)医师(P<0.016),乡村医师具备率高于执业(助理)医师(P<0.016)。在工作岗位方面,中医岗位基层医生中医药保健指导、中医理疗能力具备率高于临床岗位和其他岗位(P<0.016),临床岗位具备率高于其他岗位(P<0.016)。基层医生康复医疗综合能力具备率高于中医康复综合能力(P<0.05)。结论基层医生社区康复服务能力总体不足,中医康复能力较为薄弱。应完善分级康复服务体系建设,促进基层医生康复经验的积累和能力的提升,加强基层医生中医康复与西医现代康复技术联合培养,完善基层康复人才队伍建设,使其能承担起社区康复的责任。

Study on Planning and Design Mode of Eco-agricultural Demonstration Base in Poyang Lake Eco-economic Zone

Guided by the Planning of Poyang Lake Eco-economic Zone, traffic and geographic conditions of the Eco-agricultural Demonstration Base in the study area were analyzed, and design principles proposed as "adaptation to local conditions, scientific planning, benign circulation and sustainable development". Detailed planning and design was interpreted from the perspectives of infrastructure planning and functional area planning. Specifically, infrastructure construction should focus on traffic design, water, power and gas supply design, and also architectural design; while functional areas should be gradually developed from south section to central and then north section. It was to establish a design and planning mode that can be widely applied.

Preparation of activated carbon with low ash content and high specific surface area from coal in the presence of KOH

An activated carbon with ash content less than 10% and specific surface area more than 1 600 m 2 /g was prepared from coal and the effect of K containing compounds in preparation of coal based activated carbon was investigated in detail in this paper. KOH was used in co carbonization with coal, changes in graphitic crystallites in chars derived from carbonization of coal with and without KOH were analyzed by X ray diffraction (XRD) technique, activation rates of chars with different contents of K containing compounds were deduced, and resulting activated carbons were characterized by nitrogen adsorption isotherms at 77 K and iodine numbers. The results showed that the addition of KOH to the coal before carbonization can realize the intensive removal of inorganic matters from chars under mild conditions, especially the efficient removal of dispersive quartz, an extremely difficult separated mineral component in other processes else. Apart from this, KOH demonstrates a favorable effect in control over coal carbonization with the goal to form nongraphitizable isotropic carbon precursor, which is a necessary prerequisite for the formation and development of micro pores. However, the K containing compounds such as K 2 CO 3 and K 2 O remaining in chars after carbonization catalyze the reaction between carbon and steam in activation, which leads to the formation of macro pores. In the end an innovative method, in which KOH is added to coal before carbonization and K containing compounds are removed by acid washing after carbonization, was proposed for the synthesis of quality coal based activated carbon.

The Rural Information-based Construction under the Perspective of Expanding Agricultural Industrial Chain

On the basis of expounding connotation and significance of expansion of agricultural industrial chain, coupled with the connotation of rural informatization connotation, this article analyses the role of rural informatization in expanding agricultural industrial chain: it can enhance market competitiveness of industry chain, improve the operational efficiency of industry chain, and promote the income and quality of farmers in industry chain. Under the perspective of expanding agricultural industrial chain, this article puts forwards thinking about the construction of rural informatization as follows: first, give full play to the leading role of the government; second, strengthen the construction of information-based network facility; third, integrate information resources in rural areas, and improve the quality of information; fourth, build comprehensive information service platform in rural areas; fifth, improve organizational level of production and management of individual farmers; sixth, strengthen the construction of information-based personnel in rural areas; seventh, strengthen publicity and training, promote overall cultural quality and information awareness of farmers.

A review of stand basal area growth models

Growth and yield modeling has a long history in forestry. The methods of measuring the growth of stand basal area have evolved from those developed in the U.S.A. and Germany during the last century. Stand basal area modeling has progressed rapidly since the first widely used model was published by the U.S. Forest Service. Over the years, a variety of models have been developed for predicting the growth and yield of uneven/even-aged stands using stand-level approaches. The modeling methodology has not only moved from an empirical approach to a more ecological process-based approach but also accommodated a variety of techniques such as： 1） simultaneous equation methods, 2） difference models, 3） artificial neural network techniques, 4） linear/nonlinear regression models, and 5） matrix models. Empirical models using statistical methods were developed to reproduce accurately and precisely field observations. In contrast, process models have a shorter history, developed originally as research and education tools with the aim of increasing the understanding of cause and effect relationships. Empirical and process models can be married into hybrid models in which the shortcomings of both component approaches can, to some extent, be overcome. Algebraic difference forms of stand basal area models which consist of stand age, stand density and site quality can fully describe stand growth dynamics. This paper reviews the current literature regarding stand basal area models, discusses the basic types of models and their merits and outlines recent progress in modeling growth and dynamics of stand basal area. Future trends involving algebraic difference forms, good fitting variables and model types into stand basal area modeling strategies are discussed.