Although Tibetan Buddhism (also known as Lamaism) is both well known and widespread throughout Tibetan inhabited areas,it coexists there along with vernacular Bon religion and folk religion.What may be forgotten is th...Although Tibetan Buddhism (also known as Lamaism) is both well known and widespread throughout Tibetan inhabited areas,it coexists there along with vernacular Bon religion and folk religion.What may be forgotten is that both Islam and Catholicism are popular in some specific locations in Tibet.展开更多
Nagtsang has carried out his mentor＇s wish and worked at the Tibetan Buddhism college for the past three decades, improving the system of education in Tibetan Buddhism.
Tibetan stupas are the symbolic buildings of Tibetan Buddhism, widely distributed on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, with a long history and rich cultural connotations, holding a lofty position in the hearts of Tibetan mon...Tibetan stupas are the symbolic buildings of Tibetan Buddhism, widely distributed on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, with a long history and rich cultural connotations, holding a lofty position in the hearts of Tibetan monks and laymen. In the new era of advocating national cultural confidence, Tibetan stupa, as the representative of Tibetan culture, should be explored for its historical significance and artistic value. In recent years, many scholars have conducted in-depth studies on Tibetan stupas from different disciplinary perspectives. In order to further promote the research on Tibetan stupas, this paper reviews the research on Tibetan stupas in China in the past century, and comments on the problems and deficiencies of the research on Tibetan stupas in China in the past century on the basis of the analysis of the previous research status, so as to provide a valuable reference for the further research on Tibetan stupas.展开更多
In Tibet, Buddhism coupled with its theocratic history has given its cities and urban areas unique forms and structures. As the political, religious, and economic center of Tibet, Lhasa City has a special urban form a...In Tibet, Buddhism coupled with its theocratic history has given its cities and urban areas unique forms and structures. As the political, religious, and economic center of Tibet, Lhasa City has a special urban form and has experienced typical urban transformation processes for a thousand years. The city has been experiencing significant urban structure transformation that has accompanied the socio-economic development in recent decades since the peaceful liberation and democratic reform of Tibet during the 1950 s. Hence, this study presents the time-series of urban structure changes in Lhasa City for the purpose of understanding the characteristics and mechanisms of transformation under the republican political system. First, the study illustrates the urban socio-economic changes of Lhasa City beginning in the 1950 s via statistical data analysis. We then divide the urban development into several stages. Subsequently, we identify the transformation characteristics of urban structure by investigating urban growth, street structure, land-use, and religious facilities via maps of the city from every development stage. This paper ultimately discusses the regulation of city transformation. This study clarifies several probable issues facing Tibetan cities and proposes suggestions for future urban development of Tibetan cities.展开更多
This article examines regulations of Tibetan Buddhism locally and nationwide,especially focusing on regulations pertinent to Tibetan lamas/monks.Based on fieldwork and studies of contemporary materials,the article dem...This article examines regulations of Tibetan Buddhism locally and nationwide,especially focusing on regulations pertinent to Tibetan lamas/monks.Based on fieldwork and studies of contemporary materials,the article demonstrates regulations of Tibetan Buddhism in contemporary China derive from two religious management systems:the state management system of religion and the monastic management system.Then it discusses the intersection of these regulations of Tibetan Buddhism in China,and it argues further that the changing balance between state power and religion throughout the intersectional regulations in practice,despite the religion under the leadership of the Communist Party of China.展开更多
Buddhism and local cultural traditions have long protected wildlife species and their habitats in Tibetan-dominated areas of western Sichuan. In Daocheng County, the White Eared-pheasant (Crossoptilon crossoptilon) ha...Buddhism and local cultural traditions have long protected wildlife species and their habitats in Tibetan-dominated areas of western Sichuan. In Daocheng County, the White Eared-pheasant (Crossoptilon crossoptilon) has been afforded special protection by local people because it is conspicuous and white, a color with special symbolism for Buddhists. This and other cultural reasons have led to pheasants and forests benefiting in some areas. Pheasants were found during surveys between January 2003 and June 2004 in forests with varying degrees of local (non-formal) protection. However, there were significant signs that these traditional attitudes were changing in the face of three particular pressures brought to bear by better roads, improving access to and from the rest of China. The first was the development of a significant local demand for the Chinese caterpillar fungus (Cordyceps sinesis), which is much sought after throughout East Asia and mushrooms. Second, and more recent, is a dramatic increase in tourism from major Chinese cities, bringing non-Tibetan values into Daocheng County and changing the local attitudes to all animals. And then, there is a rise in income of the local population, resulting in a higher timber demand for building big houses, which impact all wildlife in the forest, but local attitudes to sacred forests have been retained so far in spite of this increased timber demand. Lessons should be learnt from the impact that unregulated tourism at Chonggu monastery, the most visited area in the county, has on the surrounding forests so that other sacred and non-sacred forests can best be protected for the long term. The alternative is that several Tibetan Plateau Galliformes, currently considered non-threatened because of their extensive distribution in a remote area, cannot be guaranteed such a healthy future.展开更多
The objective of fostering a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation is to establish the Chinese national identity,which is the symbol of a modern nation-state,for all Minzu in China;and the precondition of i...The objective of fostering a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation is to establish the Chinese national identity,which is the symbol of a modern nation-state,for all Minzu in China;and the precondition of it is to define"China"and"Chinese people"with preciseness.For that sake,we must abolish both Han chauvinism and narrow-minded local ethnic chauvinism,and reaffirm the staunch belief that all 56 Minzu are inseparable parts of the Chinese nation and that all people of these 56 Minzu are Chinese people.To adapt Tibetan Buddhism to the Chinese context is not to sinicize Tibetan Buddhism,but to adapt it to the requirement for the development and progress of the Chinese nation in a new era,as well as to make it a fantastic catalyst for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.For the sake of it,we will not only make Tibetan Buddhism a crucial part of Chinese Buddhism,but also include Han and Tibetan Buddhism as the most important identity of Chinese Buddhism,so as to integrate Tibetan Buddhism,Han Buddhism,and Theravada Buddhism inside China and strengthen a sense of community for Chinese nation in China's Buddhist community,which will serve as an important part of forging a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation.展开更多
The Three Rivers Headwaters Region(TRHR) plays a key role in regulating water supply and climate of East Asia. A comprehensive understanding of the processes and driving forces of the long-term land use dynamics of th...The Three Rivers Headwaters Region(TRHR) plays a key role in regulating water supply and climate of East Asia. A comprehensive understanding of the processes and driving forces of the long-term land use dynamics of the TRHR is needed to guide sustainable land resource management and regional ecological conservation strategies. This study examined long-term land change patterns in the TRHR and investigated the driving forces of the change. First, Landsat TM/ETM+ images covering TRHR of four time points from 1987 to 2016 were used to derive land use patterns, and statistical metrics were applied to quantify the spatial and temporal changes. Second, Principal Component Analysis and correlation analysis were employed to analyze environmental and social-economic data to identify the driving forces of land use change. Third, potential influences of the religion of Tibetan Buddhism on land use change were explored using GIS analysis, questionnaire survey and field observation. Results showed that areas of barren land, agricultural land, and built-up land largely increased, while areas of grassland and forest greatly decreased, with the highest change rate occurring in the most recent decade of analysis(from 2007 to 2016). Among the three headwater regions, the Yellow River Headwater Region showed an overall higher changing speed than the other two headwater regions. The regional driving forces of change in TRHR includedsocial-economic development, climatic condition, pressure of population growth, and environmental protection activities. It was also found that Tibetan Buddhism can help slow down the changes caused by human activities.展开更多
Chinese traditional silk has held a special place in Chinese tex-tile history as its great contribution to the development of economy and culture of all ethnic groups as well as international exchanges.From time immem...Chinese traditional silk has held a special place in Chinese tex-tile history as its great contribution to the development of economy and culture of all ethnic groups as well as international exchanges.From time immemorial,展开更多
文摘Although Tibetan Buddhism (also known as Lamaism) is both well known and widespread throughout Tibetan inhabited areas,it coexists there along with vernacular Bon religion and folk religion.What may be forgotten is that both Islam and Catholicism are popular in some specific locations in Tibet.
文摘Nagtsang has carried out his mentor＇s wish and worked at the Tibetan Buddhism college for the past three decades, improving the system of education in Tibetan Buddhism.
基金Sponsored by Postgraduate Research Support Program of Northwest Normal University “Study on the Sinicization of Tibetan Stupas in On the Measurement of Statues from the Perspective of Han Tibetan Integration”(2021KYZZ02013)。
文摘Tibetan stupas are the symbolic buildings of Tibetan Buddhism, widely distributed on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, with a long history and rich cultural connotations, holding a lofty position in the hearts of Tibetan monks and laymen. In the new era of advocating national cultural confidence, Tibetan stupa, as the representative of Tibetan culture, should be explored for its historical significance and artistic value. In recent years, many scholars have conducted in-depth studies on Tibetan stupas from different disciplinary perspectives. In order to further promote the research on Tibetan stupas, this paper reviews the research on Tibetan stupas in China in the past century, and comments on the problems and deficiencies of the research on Tibetan stupas in China in the past century on the basis of the analysis of the previous research status, so as to provide a valuable reference for the further research on Tibetan stupas.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51308463 and 51578453)the Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province(No.2014JY0231)
文摘In Tibet, Buddhism coupled with its theocratic history has given its cities and urban areas unique forms and structures. As the political, religious, and economic center of Tibet, Lhasa City has a special urban form and has experienced typical urban transformation processes for a thousand years. The city has been experiencing significant urban structure transformation that has accompanied the socio-economic development in recent decades since the peaceful liberation and democratic reform of Tibet during the 1950 s. Hence, this study presents the time-series of urban structure changes in Lhasa City for the purpose of understanding the characteristics and mechanisms of transformation under the republican political system. First, the study illustrates the urban socio-economic changes of Lhasa City beginning in the 1950 s via statistical data analysis. We then divide the urban development into several stages. Subsequently, we identify the transformation characteristics of urban structure by investigating urban growth, street structure, land-use, and religious facilities via maps of the city from every development stage. This paper ultimately discusses the regulation of city transformation. This study clarifies several probable issues facing Tibetan cities and proposes suggestions for future urban development of Tibetan cities.
基金the research project of University of Macao,Project Title:The Role of Intellectuals in China’s Ethnic Studies and Ethnic Policymaking.Project Number:MYRG2015-0033-FSS.
文摘This article examines regulations of Tibetan Buddhism locally and nationwide,especially focusing on regulations pertinent to Tibetan lamas/monks.Based on fieldwork and studies of contemporary materials,the article demonstrates regulations of Tibetan Buddhism in contemporary China derive from two religious management systems:the state management system of religion and the monastic management system.Then it discusses the intersection of these regulations of Tibetan Buddhism in China,and it argues further that the changing balance between state power and religion throughout the intersectional regulations in practice,despite the religion under the leadership of the Communist Party of China.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 30800101)the Chicago Zoological Society, the World Pheasant Association and the Critical Ecosystem Partnership FundPeter Garson (Chair,WPA-IUCN Pheasant Specialist Group) provided constructive advice on the work and helped facilitate financial support
文摘Buddhism and local cultural traditions have long protected wildlife species and their habitats in Tibetan-dominated areas of western Sichuan. In Daocheng County, the White Eared-pheasant (Crossoptilon crossoptilon) has been afforded special protection by local people because it is conspicuous and white, a color with special symbolism for Buddhists. This and other cultural reasons have led to pheasants and forests benefiting in some areas. Pheasants were found during surveys between January 2003 and June 2004 in forests with varying degrees of local (non-formal) protection. However, there were significant signs that these traditional attitudes were changing in the face of three particular pressures brought to bear by better roads, improving access to and from the rest of China. The first was the development of a significant local demand for the Chinese caterpillar fungus (Cordyceps sinesis), which is much sought after throughout East Asia and mushrooms. Second, and more recent, is a dramatic increase in tourism from major Chinese cities, bringing non-Tibetan values into Daocheng County and changing the local attitudes to all animals. And then, there is a rise in income of the local population, resulting in a higher timber demand for building big houses, which impact all wildlife in the forest, but local attitudes to sacred forests have been retained so far in spite of this increased timber demand. Lessons should be learnt from the impact that unregulated tourism at Chonggu monastery, the most visited area in the county, has on the surrounding forests so that other sacred and non-sacred forests can best be protected for the long term. The alternative is that several Tibetan Plateau Galliformes, currently considered non-threatened because of their extensive distribution in a remote area, cannot be guaranteed such a healthy future.
文摘The objective of fostering a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation is to establish the Chinese national identity,which is the symbol of a modern nation-state,for all Minzu in China;and the precondition of it is to define"China"and"Chinese people"with preciseness.For that sake,we must abolish both Han chauvinism and narrow-minded local ethnic chauvinism,and reaffirm the staunch belief that all 56 Minzu are inseparable parts of the Chinese nation and that all people of these 56 Minzu are Chinese people.To adapt Tibetan Buddhism to the Chinese context is not to sinicize Tibetan Buddhism,but to adapt it to the requirement for the development and progress of the Chinese nation in a new era,as well as to make it a fantastic catalyst for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.For the sake of it,we will not only make Tibetan Buddhism a crucial part of Chinese Buddhism,but also include Han and Tibetan Buddhism as the most important identity of Chinese Buddhism,so as to integrate Tibetan Buddhism,Han Buddhism,and Theravada Buddhism inside China and strengthen a sense of community for Chinese nation in China's Buddhist community,which will serve as an important part of forging a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation.
基金supported by the Graduate Research Support Scheme,Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences,National University of Singapore
文摘The Three Rivers Headwaters Region(TRHR) plays a key role in regulating water supply and climate of East Asia. A comprehensive understanding of the processes and driving forces of the long-term land use dynamics of the TRHR is needed to guide sustainable land resource management and regional ecological conservation strategies. This study examined long-term land change patterns in the TRHR and investigated the driving forces of the change. First, Landsat TM/ETM+ images covering TRHR of four time points from 1987 to 2016 were used to derive land use patterns, and statistical metrics were applied to quantify the spatial and temporal changes. Second, Principal Component Analysis and correlation analysis were employed to analyze environmental and social-economic data to identify the driving forces of land use change. Third, potential influences of the religion of Tibetan Buddhism on land use change were explored using GIS analysis, questionnaire survey and field observation. Results showed that areas of barren land, agricultural land, and built-up land largely increased, while areas of grassland and forest greatly decreased, with the highest change rate occurring in the most recent decade of analysis(from 2007 to 2016). Among the three headwater regions, the Yellow River Headwater Region showed an overall higher changing speed than the other two headwater regions. The regional driving forces of change in TRHR includedsocial-economic development, climatic condition, pressure of population growth, and environmental protection activities. It was also found that Tibetan Buddhism can help slow down the changes caused by human activities.
文摘Chinese traditional silk has held a special place in Chinese tex-tile history as its great contribution to the development of economy and culture of all ethnic groups as well as international exchanges.From time immemorial,
